With the development of neuroimaging techniques and the extensive application in clinical practice,the case reports about migrainous cerebral infarction have increased progres- sively,and have received extensive attention.However,its exact pathogenesis still remains unclear.In recent years,with the application of functional neuroimaging techniques,people have a new insight into the pathophysiological mechanisms of migrainous cerebral infarction,This article reviews the advanced in research on the pathogenesis of migrainous cerebral infarction.

Objective To investigate the morphological changes of bone marrow megakaryocytes in patients with bacterial and fungal infection.Methods Totally 76 patients with microorganism infection from the Second Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2008 to August 2009 were enrolled,including 56 bacteria infected patients and 20 fungal infected patients.All patients received bone marrow examinations,and were positive in microorganism culture.Thirty subjects without infection,hematological disease and other severe diseases were randomly selected as controls.The number and function of megakaryocytes were examined retrospectively, and the size, nuclear lobulation, and vacuolar degeneration of megakaryocytes were quantitative analyzed and compared among the groups.Results The size,nuclear lobulation,vacuolar degeneration,and Yat nuclear of megakaryocytes in bacterial infected group were 2.20 ±0.21,2.11 ±0.23,0.51 ±0.11 and 0.74 ±0.11 respectively,those in fungal infected group were 2.21 ±0.16,2.10 ±0.19,0.52 ±0.10 and 0.79 ±0.10 respectively;while those in control group were 1.40 ±0.10,1.36 ±0.12,0.28 ±0.06 and 0.54 ±0.09 respectively.The differences between bacterial infected group and control were of statistical significance(t values were 14.52,12.19,9.33 and 6.61 respectively,P ＜ 0.05),and the differences between fungal infected group and control were of statistical significance(t values were 16.27,12.34,7.85 and 6.49 respectively,P ＜ 0.05).The size,nuclear lobulation,and vacuoles of megakaryocytes in gram-negative(G-)bacteria group were 2.29 ±0.20,2.22 ±0.26 and 0.57 ±0.10,while those in the gram-positive(G+)bacteria group were 2.13 ±0.20,2.04 ±0.18 and 0.46 ±0.09,and the differences were also significant(t values were 2.07,3.03and 3.56 respectively,P ＜ 0.05).The production of platelet by megakaryocytes in bacterial infected group,in fungal infected and the control were 31.4 ±7.6,32.4 ±6.4 and 41.3 ±5.5,and the differences between bacterial infected group and control,fungal infected group and control were significant(t values were 4.78and 3.98 respectively,P ＜ 0.05).The production of platelet in G-bacteria group was 28.0 ± 6.7,while that in G + bacteria group was 34.4 ± 7.2,and the difference was also of statistical significance(t = 2.41,P ＜0.05). Conclusion Bacterial infected patients have increased megakaryocytes cell body,nuclear lobulation,obvious vacuolar degeneration,Yat nuclear and decreased platelet production function,which are more significant in G- bacteria infected group.

The metabolism study of radiolabeled drugs plays an important role in the development of new drugs. It provides information on drug absorption, metabolism, tissue distribution and excretion, and plays an irreplaceable role in the metabolite safety evaluation and mass balance of new drugs. The new guidance draft on clinical trials of radiolabeled drugs recently released by the US FDA puts forward higher standards and has been widely concerned by the industry. In recent years, in the research and development of new drugs in China, ¹⁴C labeled drugs have been used to carry out clinical metabolism studies, which has overcome key technical bottlenecks and accumulated experience. This paper summarizes the above research progress, analyzes the existing problems, and preliminarily looks forward to the future technological development and application.

Anthropometry ; methods ; Humans ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of shenxiong glucose injection in the treatment of chronic re- nal failure(CRF).Method:78 patients with CRF were divided into a treatment group(n=40)and a controlled gronp(n= 38).The treatment group received shenxiong glucose injection 200ml daily,14 days for one course of treatment.The con- trolled group received ligustrazine injection 80mg with 5% glucose.The changes of serum BUN and SCr were observed.Re- sult:The serum BUN and SCr were significantly decreased in the two groups after the treatment(P

Cellulase was produced by growing Penicillium sp. NXP25 in liquid medium consisted of 5% com cob powder, 3% wheat bran, 0.35% nitrogen source No 10 and 0.3% calcium chloride. The optimum culture conditions were initial pH 5.0, 10% mycelial inoculum, temperature 29℃, shaking speed 280r/min and cultivation time 72h. When determining enzyme activity at 50℃, endo-1, 4-?-glucanase activity, extro-1, 4-?-glucanase activity, ?-glucosidase activity and filter paper enzyme activity of the supernatant of the culture were 841u/mL, 13u/mL, 24u/mL and 46u/mL, respectively. The optimum pH and temperature for the action of the above enzymes were pH 4.8 and60℃, pH5.0 and 50℃, pH 4.5 and 70℃, pH 5.0 and 55℃, respectively. Stable pH range of the above enzymes were 3.0-7.0, 4.0~6.0, 4.0~7.0 and 4.0~6.0, respectively. After incubating the enzyme complex at 65C for 30min, 24% of endo-1, 4-?-glucanase activity, 7% of extro-1, 4-?-glucanase activity, 89%of ?-glucosidase activity and 8% of filter paper enzyme activity were remained, respctively.

Cellulase system contains a series of complex components.There are still some problems remained unclear in cellulase and its mechanism of hydrolyzing lignocellulosic materials and its hydrolysis kinetics,so profound study is needed.The rapid development of many kinds of new interdiscipline such as biochemistry,molecular biology and gene engineering,has further clarified the structure and function of cellulase,and the relationshi Pof its gene expression and regulation,and furthermore resulted in derivative study methods about cellulase in more aspects.Cellulase system components according to synergistic catalytic mode and the sequence of the homology amino acids similarity,summarizes traditional detection methods of enzyme components,and emphasizes on research progress of various biosensors applied in detection of cellulase activity and gene expression was introduced.

Objective To assess the effect of levothyroxine , lipoic acid and their combination therapy on improving the cognitive deficit and on the level of oxidative stress in the serum and hippocampus tissue of adult hypothyroid rast .Methods Fifty male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:normal group , hypothyroidism group [ propylthioaracil ( PTU ) group], the levothyroxine sodium (L-T4) treatment group (PTU +L-T4 group), the lipoid acid(LA) treatment group (PTU+LA group), and the two-drug combination group (PTU+LT-4+LA group).After 8 weeks of treatment, the learn-ing and memory abilities of the rats were evaluated by Morris Water Maze ( MWM ) .The content of malondialdehyde ( MDA) and the activities of superoxide dismutase ( SOD) in the serum and hippocampus were respectively measured using thiobarbituric acid ,and xanthine-xanthine oxidase methods .Results Compared with the normal group , the escape latency was longer(P<0.01), the MDA level was increased and the SOD activity was decreased in the serum and hippocampus in the PTU group (P<0.001).Compared with PTU group, the SOD activity was increased and the MDA level was decreased in the PTU +L-T4 group, PTU +LA group and PTU +L-T4 +LA group(P<0.05).There was significant difference in MWM test score .Conclusion The L-T4 and LA combination therapy can significantly improve the cognitive function of hypothyroid rats.

BACKGROUND:Due to anisotropic CT volume data, triangular meshes extracted from bone CT images often contain staircase surface, which wil affect the subsequent medical diagnosis. OBJECTIVE:To reconstruct patient-specific bone model based on digital geometry processing technique. METHODS:Firstly, registration was performed in image registration algorithm based on mutual information for bone CT slices, and then contours were extracted by image segmentation and a stack of contours were converted into point clouds. The normals of point clouds were estimated based on Gaussian weighted principal component analysis and the noise from point clouds was removed by trilateral filtering. Final y, bone triangular meshes were constructed by adaptive spherical cover. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In this paper, the proposed method could generate smoothing bone surface meshes, triangular mesh shape which was formed by the rules and adaptive distribution, for finite element analysis, computer aided manufacturing and three-dimensional printing to provide accurate three-dimensional models.

Objective To observe the protective effect of 11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid(11,12-EET)on immature isolated rabbit hearts.Methods Forty-eight isolated immature rabbit hearts were randomly assigned to two groups: Control group,the hearts were arrested with St.Thomas No.2 solution and stored in the same solution ( n =24);EET group,the hearts were arrested with St.Thomas No.2 plus 11,12-EET solution and stored in the same solution ( n =24). All rabbit hearts were stored for 8,16 and 24 h with 4 ℃ hypothetmia, and underwent 30 min reperfusion ( 37 ℃ ). On the Langendorff perfusion apparatus,left ventricle developed pressure (LVDP),left ventricle end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP),+dp/pt max ,coronary blood effluent (CBE) and arrhythmias score were measured before and after ischemia. Myocardial water content,the value of creatine kinase (CK) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were also measured,and myocardial ultrastructure observed. Results Postischemic recovery of myocardial function and myocardial edema were significantly better in EET group at different time points. The changes of arrhythmias score,CK,LDH and myocardial ultrastructure in EET group were superior to those in control group. After the hearts were preserved for 16 h ,the recovery of myocardial function and arrhythmias score in EET group were basically close to the measured values before heart preservation,while those in control group were significantly decreased. After the hearts were stored for 24 h ,all hearts in EET group beated again during reperfusion,but 5 hearts in control group could not beat anymore.Conclusion Addition of 11,12-EET into the St.Thomas No.2 cardioplegic solution could prolong the storage time and enhance the myocardial protective effect to the isolated immature hearts.