From the current reality of weak legal consciousness of medical students and based on summing up the training status on legal awareness of medical students in China, this paper proposes some countermeasures such as strengthening the educational work of training medical students' legal awareness,improving the cultivation of their spirit of the law and establishing the legal awareness of medical workers,etc.

To introduce professor YAN De-xin's experience in diffrerentiating and treating Emeda with Heart Involved from qi and flood He thinks that pathogenesis of Emeda with Heart Involved is water overflowing due to yang deficiency,internal retention of blood stasis and turbidity.So this disease can be differentiated from these aspects including the disturbance of the functional activities of the lung,failure to transform body fluid;body fluid transformed by blood stasis,simultaneous disorders of both blood and body fluid;deficiency of pectoral qi,derangement of qi and blood.What's more,he proposes the application of drugs for warming yang and promoting blood circulation is very important.

Oligodeoxynucleotide containing unmethylated cytosine phosphate-guanosine motif(CpG ODN) may induce high expression of CD80, CD86, CD83, HLA I and HLAⅡ molecules on dendritic cells(DC) and stimulate DC to produce high level of IL-6, IL-12, TNF-? and IFN-?. CpG ODN is demonstrated in vivo to be a very potent adjuvant for Th1 cells, regulating Th0 cells to develop toward Th1 cells. Its role for DC is characteristics of CpG ODN sequence specificity and species specificity. CpG ODN is, at present, considered as a pathogen associated molecular pattern which binds its specific receptor,Toll-like receptor 9,then functions through TLR/IL-1R signaling pathway. It may represent a new therapeutic drug for broad applications in infectious disease, autoimmune disease, allergy and cancer therapy.

Objective To study the diagnosis and treatment of syncope by analyzing its etiology.Methods Ninety-six syncope patients admitted to our hospital from 2014-01-01 to 2016-12-21were included in this study.The etiology of syncope was analyzed.Results Of the 96 syncope patients included in this study,50 (52.1 ％) were diagnosed with nerve-mediated reflex syncope,31(32.3％) with orthostatic hypotensive syncope,10 (10.4％) with cardiogenic syncope due to arrhythmia,coronary atherosclerotic cardiopathy or pulmonary embolism,5 (5.2％) with other diseases.Conclusion Nerve-mediated reflex,orthostatic hypotension and cardiogenic factors are the causes of syncope.Attention should thus be paid to syncope caused by nervous system diseases.Clarification of the risk factors for syncope helps to reduce its potential risk.

0.05).Conclusions Long-term or short-term use of OXC can affect serum levels of thyroid hormones in children with epilepsy,so serum levels of thyroid hormones shall be monitored regularly in epileptic children treated with OXC.

0.05).Thyroid follicular volume of VPA group slightly reduced;thyroid follicular volume of OXC group increased while epithelial cells thinning;thyroid structure of LEV group had no alterations;thyroid follicular volume of OXC plus LEV group and VPA plus LEV group had no consistent alterations.Conclusions Long-term application of VPA and OXC may arouse alterations of thyroid structure and hormone secretion.LEV has no effection on thyroid function,with VPA and OXC combined usage can reduce their effection on thyroid gland.Thyroid hormone level should be monitored when using anti-epileptic drugs(ADES) long-term in clinical work.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between depressive symptoms and frailty among middle-aged and elderly populations, so as to provide insights into the early identification and prevention of frailty. Methods: Based on the 2018 database of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), demographic information, lifestyle and self-rated health status were collected from people aged 50 years and older. Depression symptoms were evaluated using the Short Version of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scales (CES-D-10), and the frailty status was evaluated using frailty index. The relationship between depressive symptoms and frailty among middle-aged and elderly populations were using a multivariable logistic regression model, and the dose-response relationship was analyzed using a restricted cubic spline model. Results: A total of 5 172 individuals were enrolled, including 2 495 males (48.24%) and 2 677 females (51.76%), with a median age of 63.00 (interquartile range, 12.00) years, a median CES-D-10 score of 7.00 (interquartile range, 9.00) scores. There were 1 560 participants (30.16%) detected with mild depressive symptoms, 360 participants (6.96%) detected with moderate to severe depressive symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for gender, age, educational level, marital status, smoking, alcohol consumption and self-rated health status, participants who had mild depressive symptoms (OR=4.226, 95%CI: 3.625-4.928) and moderate to severe depressive symptoms (OR=10.737, 95%CI: 8.259-13.958) had a higher risk of frailty. The restricted cubic spline model showed a nonlinear relationship between depressive symptoms and frailty among middle-aged and elderly populations. When the CES-D-10 scores were greater than 7, the risk of frailty increased with higher CES-D-10 scores. Conclusion The degree of depressive symptoms in middle-aged and elderly people is associated with frailty, and there is a nonlinear relationship between the two.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of CHROMagar Candida medium in identifying common Candida species .Meth‐ods Articles were extensively collected by searching the databases of MEDLINE and EMBase ,the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM ) ,the Chinese Scientific Journals Database (CSJD) ,the Chinese Journal Full Text Database (CJFD) and through other ways . The qualities of these articles were assessed by using the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies(QUADAS) .At last , summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was performed by the Meta‐Disc software ,so as to summarize diagnostic accuracy of CHROMagar Candida medium in identifying common Candida species .Results A total of 7 articles meeting all criteria were enrolled in this study .All 7 articles reported the accuracy of CHROMagar Candida medium in identifying the Candida albi‐cans ,the pooled sensitivity and specificity was 98 .3% and 98 .8% respectively ,and area under SROC curve (AUC) was 0 .998 0 .A‐mong them ,6 articles reported the accuracy of CHROMagar Candida medium in identifying Candida tropicalis ,the pooled sensitivity and specificity was 92 .5% and 99 .8% respectively ,and the AUC was 0 .998 3 .Among them ,5 articles reported the accuracy of CHROMagar Candida medium in identifying Candida Glabrata ,the pooled sensitivity and specificity was 98 .3% and 98 .7% respec‐tively ,and the AUC was 0 .996 8 .Conclusion CHROMagar Candida medium could quickly identify clinical common Candida species and results are reliable .

Objective To evaluate the applicability of formula R0, R1, R2 of ECToolbox software in measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) with gated myocardial imaging. Methods Rest gated myocardial SPECT with ~(99m)Tc-MIBI and rest gated blood-pool SPECT with ~(99m)Tc-RBC were performed on 64 patients (44 with CHD, 20 with hypertension). LVEFs were separately calculated with formula R0, R1, R2 of ECToolbox software, and the results were recorded as R0 LVEF, R1 LVEF and R2 LVEF, respectively, and compared with LVEFs from gated blood-pool imaging (GBPI LVEF). Results The LVEFs from formula R0, R1 and R2 were all significantly correlated with GBPI LVEF (r=0.905, 0.905 and 0.903, P<0.05, respectively). The accuracy within ±15% deviation from the GBPI LVEF was 54.30%, 71.40% and 22.90%, and within ±30% was 81.40%, 88.60%,74.30%, respectively. The differences among R0 LVEF, R2 LVEF and GBPI LVEF were statistically significant (P<0.05), while between R1 LVEF and GBPI LVEF was not (P>0.05). Conclusion The formula R1 of ECToolbox software is most applicable in measuring LVEF with gated myocardial imaging.

Bone marrow transplantation was considered effective treatment for leukemias and other haematological diseases. Acute graft v-host disease (GVHD) is a major complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. The T lymphocytes were specially depleted by anti-CD5, CD2, CD8, CD27 monoclonal antibody-ricin immunotoxins. Inhibition of the protein synthesis and T-cell functions in the target cells was observed in vitro. At 10 9mol / L of the immunotoxin, 3 logs (99.9%) of target cells were killed, but no cytotoxicity on nontarget cells. At the same concentration, the anti T cell immunotoxin had no any influence on the proliferating rate of CFU-GM and BFU E. None of the ten patients who received T cell depleted bone marrow developed grade III or IV acute GVHD.