One of the causes of the high cost of pharmaceuticals and the major obstacles to rapidly assessing the bioavailability and risk of a chemical is the lack of experimental model systems. A new pre-treatment technology, in vitro bionic digestion was designed for metal analysis in Lianhua Qingwen capsule. The capsule was digested on 37 degrees C under the acidity of the stomach or intestine, and with the inorganic and organic compounds (including digestive enzymes) found in the stomach or intestine, and then the chyme was obtained. Being similar to the biomembrane between the gastrointestinal tract and blood vessels, monolayer liposome was used as biomembrane model Affinity-monolayer liposome metals (AMLMs) and water-soluble metals were used for metal speciation analysis in the capsule. Based on the concentration of AMLMs, the main absorption site of trace metals was proposed. The metal total contents or the concentration of AMLMs in the capsule were compared to the nutritional requirements, daily permissible dose and heavy metal total contents from the "import and export of medicinal plants and preparation of green industry state standards". The metal concentrations in the capsule were within the safety baseline levels for human consumption. After in vitro bionic digestion, most of trace metals were absorbed mainly in intestine. The concentration of As, Cd, Pb was 0.38, 0.07, 1.60 mg x kg(-1), respectively, far less than the permissible dose from the "import and export of medicinal plants and preparation of green industry state standards".
Biological Availability ; Capsules ; adverse effects ; pharmacokinetics ; Digestion ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Metals, Heavy ; adverse effects ; pharmacokinetics ; Models, Biological ; Stomach ; metabolism ; Trace Elements ; adverse effects ; pharmacokinetics

To obtain a number of extracellular penicillinase,the gene(penp)encoding penicillinse of Bacillus cereus ATCC10987 was cloned into expression vector in Bacillus subtilis,transformed into Bacillus subtilis DB104 deficient in two proteases.When recombinant bacteria was cultured in LB medium for 24 hours,the result of SDS-PAGE showed that the molecular weight of the protein was 28kDa and the penicillinase activity reached 339U/ml.By screening seven different fermentation media,the result showed that 4# medium is favorable to producing penicillinase by the recombinant cells than the others,with the yield of the enzyme being 1580U/ml.When the recombinant cells was cultured in 7 liter fermentor for 24h,the penicillinase activity reached 1255.8U/ml.

Objective This paper attempts to explore the application of dizziness handicap inventory (DHI) in evaluation of health -related quality of life (QOL ) changes of patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) before and after the treatment with canalith repositioning procedure (CRP) .Methods The DHI was em-ployed to investigate and evaluate the dizziness handicap of 120 patients with BPPV before and after 3 months of CRP treatment (treatment group) and 60 healthy controls (control group) ,while the DHI scoring results were com-pared .Results As indicated by DHI evaluation ,the scoring of each DHI items of patients with BPPV before treatment was higher than that of control group ,treatment group before treatment :functional score 22 .60 ± 6 .54 ,emotional score 18 .50 ± 8 .28 ,physical score 17 .90 ± 5 .05 ,total composite score 59 .00 ± 14 .32 .For the control group:functional score 1 .35 ± 1 .74 ,emotional score 1 .00 ± 1 .01 ,physical score 1 .37 ± 1 .86 ,total composite score 3 .72 ± 3 .46 ,with the differ-ence statistically significant (P<0 .05) .The DHI scoring of treatment group of patients with BPPV after 3 months of CRP treatment was lower than that before the treatment (treatment group after 3 months CRP treatment :functional score 1 .10 ± 1 .42 ,emotional score 1 .50 ± 1 .70 ,physical score 1 .45 ± 1 .46 ,total composite score 4 .05 ± 3 .66) ,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .There was no statistically significant difference comparing to the control group (P>0 .05) .Conclusion CRP is effective to treat BPPV .The DHI is available for the evaluation of QOL of BPPV patients .

Aged ; CDX2 Transcription Factor ; Cysts ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Homeodomain Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Keratin-20 ; metabolism ; Mucous Membrane ; pathology ; Peritoneal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Pseudomyxoma Peritonei ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Rupture ; Splenic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

According to the sequence of P450 cDNA of Eleutherococcus senticosus, specific primers were designed. Frokaryotic ex pression vector pET30a-P450 was constructed and the prokaryotic expression conditions were optimized. Results showed that the BL21 after being transformed with the recombinant expression vector accumulated the high amount of recombinant protein. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the recombinant protein was about 53 kDa. The recombinant accumulated the highest amount of recombinant protein af ter IPTG (1 mmol x L(-1)) at 27-37 degrees C for 24 h. Consequently P450 gene of E. senticosus could be expressed successfully by prokaryotic expression vector pET30a-P450. Induction temperature, IPTG concentration, medium type and amount of induction time could all influence the expression of target protein, but the impact strength was different.
Cloning, Molecular ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; genetics ; metabolism ; Eleutherococcus ; enzymology ; genetics ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plasmids ; genetics ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

Air Pollutants ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; Particulate Matter ; Vascular Diseases ; etiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the morbidity and potential risk factors of chronic diabetic complication in Zhejiang province.

METHODSIn the paper the morbidity of diabetic chronic complication was illustrated, using descriptive statistics. The potential risk factors of diabetic chronic complication were studied with logistic regression modeling, using data from a large retrospective study involving 1083 patients from two hospitals in Zhejiang province.

RESULTSPrincipal chronic diabetic complications were found to be cardiovascular diseases, ophthalmic diseases, nephropathy, esthetic diseases, plant nerve diseases, cerebral blood vessel diseases, limbsblood vessel diseases and athletic nerve diseases. The principal potential risk factors would include the courses of diabetes and hypertension, age, age being diagnosed, blood pressure, baseline blood glucose, two hour blood glucose after dietary, HBAIC, nitroglycerine, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol.

CONCLUSIONThe analytic method used in the paper was fit for the study of morbidity and potential risk factors of other chronic diseases complication and the discriminant function could be built for clinical diagnosis.

China ; epidemiology ; Chronic Disease ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Morbidity ; Multivariate Analysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

Objective To study the relationship between coronary arteriographic and fluorescence fundus angiographic characteristics in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary heart disease.Methods The study was carried out by the analysis of the data from coronary arteriography and fluorescence fundus angiography in 203 type 2 diabetic patients with coronary heart disease in different groups divided according to age or total cholesterol level. Logisitic regression analysis was applied to explore various risk factors to angiographic characteristics.Results With advancing age,there were more involvement of 3 coronary vessels or the left main branch along with stageⅢretinopathy,but less single vessel diseases in the coronary arteries and less stageⅠretinopathy.The difference in coronary angiographic and fluorescence fundus angiographic characteristics between groups with different total cholesterol levels was not significant.Logistic regression analysis suggested that coronary artery diaease was related to age,sex and blood glucose and triglyceride levels while diabetic retinopathy was related to blood glucose level and age.Conclusion There is great difference in coronary arteriography and fluorescence fundus angiography among different age groups.Aging may aggravate the lesions both in the coronary arteries and fundal vessels in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary heart diseease.

Objective To investigate whether mesenchymal stem cells can promote the recovery of acute renal tubular damage induced by mercuric chloride and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods Acute renal failure rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of mercuric chloride.SD rats were randomly divided into three groups which were MSCs injection group, saline infusion group and normal control group.Seven days later,the changes of rat weight,survival,renal function and pathology were observed;PCNA,ED-1 and GFP were detected by immunohistochemistry; The expression of cytokines in kidney and the distribution of GFP plasmid-transfected MSCs in kidney were examined by RT-PCR.Results MSCs infusion ameliorated the decline of rat weight,survival, renal function,and pathological changes.PCNA and ED-1 positive cells in MSCs group were fewer than those in saline group.Expression of growth factors EGF,PDGF,HGF were obviously up- regulated and pre-inflammatory cytokines TNF-?was significantly reduced in MSCs-treated kidneys. GFP-labelled MSCs occurred occasionally in renal interstitium of MSCs-treated rats,but not in renal tubules.Conclusions Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can promote the recovery of acute renal tubular epithelial cells damage caused by mercuric chloride.The mechanism may partly depend on regulating the excretion of cytokines in renal microenvironment rather than completely depend on their differentiation to tubular cells.

Adult ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Cervical Vertebrae ; pathology ; Eosinophilic Granuloma ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hodgkin Disease ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Ki-1 Antigen ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Neoplasms ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; pathology