Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Musculoskeletal Manipulations ; Osteitis ; pathology ; therapy ; Sacroiliac Joint ; pathology ; Sclerosis ; therapy ; Young Adult

Objective:To explore the placental expression of farnesoid X receptor( FXR) ,as well as the total bile acid (TBA) levels in maternal and umbilical cord serum in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and normal late pregnancy. To evaluate the roles of placental FXR in the pathological mechanism of ICP. Methods:Maternal and umbilical cord blood as well as placentas were collected in gravidas of 33 ICP (ICP group) and 33 normal late pregnancy (control group). According to maternal serum TBA levels, ICP group was divided into mild and severe subgroup, the latter with TBA ≥40 μmol/L TBA levels were measured by velocimetry and the placental FXR mRNA expression were examined by real time nested RT-PCR. Results:①Comparing the rate of meconium -stain of amniotic fluid: The rate in ICP group was significantly higher than that in control group(χ~2=7.543,P=0.013); The rate in serve ICP group was significantly higher than that in mild ICP group(χ~2= 7.637,P=0.013). ②The expression of FXR mRNA in placentas: placental FXR mRNA expression was significantly higher in ICP group than that in control group (z = -2. 391, P = 0.017). Placental FXR mRNA expression was higher in severe ICP group than that in mild ICP group (z= -2.391 ,P=0.017).③ln ICP group, a positive correlation was found between the placental FXR mRNA expression and the maternal serum TBA levels as well as umbilical serum TBA levels(r_s =0.348,P=0.047; r_s =0.284,P=0.027). There were no significant correlations between maternal serum as well as umbilical serum TBA levels and placental FXR mRNA expression in control group ( r_s = - 0.068, P = 0.716; r_s = 0.010,P=0.959). Conclusions:Placental FXR mRNA expression is up regulated by increased bile acid levels in ICP, which may represent a compensatory (anti-cholestatic) mechanism of placenta in ICP.

[Objective] To investigate the mechanism of Dachengqi Decoction (DCD) in treating systemic inflammatory response syndrome ( SIRS). [ Methods ] Mouse models induced by zymosan A were administered with DCD orally. Serum endotoxin level was detected by limulus assay and TNF-? and IL-6 levels by radioimmunoassay 6, 12 and 24 hours after medication. [Results] Serum levels of endotoxin, TNF-? and IL-6 were increased in SIRS mice. After treatment with DCD, serum endotoxin level was decreased at the 6th and 12th hour ( P

Aim To explore the effect of beta-sitosterol (BS) on liver fibrosis induced by CCL4 in mice and the mechanisms. Methods Fifty C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into five groups; control group (CG) , carbon tetrachloride group (CTG), low/medium/high dose of BS group ( BS-L/M/H), with 10 mice in each group. The model of hepatic fibrosis was established by injecting CCL4 in peritoneal cavity, the study lasted 30 days, and different doses of BS were given from 1st day to 15 th day. All mice were sacrificed for the observation of morphological changes and the measurement of liver index. Liver collagenous fibers were observed by HE and Masson staining, the changes of serum ( ALT and AST) were assessed by Elisa, the expressions of a-SMA and Collagen I were detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry, and the changes of TpRl-Smad2/3 and TNF-a-NF∗kB were detected by Elisa and Western blot. Results Compared to control group, different doses of BS markedly inhibited the increase of liver index, A .T, AST, a-SMA and Collagen I in a dose-dependent n an-ner ( P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01 ). Liver morphology, inflammatory cell infiltration and collagenous fiber irj BS groups were better than those in CCL4 group, meanwhile BS-M decreased the expression of TgKl, Smad2/3, TNF-a and p-NF-KB (P <0. 01). Conclusions BS dose-dependently inhibits mouse liver f bro-sis induced by CCL4, and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting TpRl-Smad2/3 and TNF-a-N •-kB signaling pathways.

Objective To study the regulation effect of estrogen in expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the central nervous system (CNS) in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ( EAE).Methods The 60 mice were overiectomized and 2 weeks later EAE was induced with MOG35-55 peptide in these mice.They were divided into a treatment group and a control group.The treatment group was treated with estrogen and the control group was given PBS.Clinical symptoms in these two groups were scored and compared.HE staining was used to observe inflammation in the brain and spinal cord.The MMP-9 expression in the CNS was examined by quantitative real-time PCR and immunofluorescence staining.Results The incidence of disease was lower (treatment and control group were 8/30 and 28/30 respectively) and clinical symptoms were milder (treatment and control group were 3.23±0.83 and 1.62 ±1.00 respectively,t=3.811 and P＜0.05) in the treatment group than those in the control group.HE staining showed the decreased infiltration of inflammatory cell in the treatment group (Treatment group:inflammatory score were 0.895 ±0.206,0.752 ±0.302,0.732 ±0.183 in acute,relief and chronic phase respectively;Control group:inflammatory score were 3.472 ±0.635,2.881 ±0.662,1.891 ± 0.482 in acute,relief and chronic phase respectively.t = 8.622,6.543 and 5.027,all P ＜ 0.05).The quantitative real-time PCR and immunofluorescence staining showed that the expression of MMP9 in the CNS was decreased in the treatment group.Conclusion Estrogen may decrease MMP-9 expression in the CNS,reduce inflammation and clinical symptoms in mice with EAE.

Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics of epithelioid trophoblastic tumor (ETT).Methods Six cases of ETT treated in Women's Hospital,School of Medicine,Zhejiang University from 2005 to 2007 were retrospectively analyzed,together with a literature review.Results Six cases of ETT were diagnosed pathologically after surgery.The age of patients ranged from 27 to 46 years.The most common presentation was abnormal vaginal bleeding(5/6).The preceding gestational events were hydatidiform mole in 1 case,abortion in 2 cases,and term delivery in 3 cases.The interval between the preceding gestation and the diagnosis of ETT ranged from 15-48 months.The serum human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG)level was 46-121 147 IU/L.Four cases presented with metastasis,including lung metastasis in all of the 4 cases,liver metastasis in 1 case,and pancreas metastasis in another 1 case.The main therapies were surgery combined with chemotherapy.All of the 6 cases received total abdominal hysterectomy.and 1 case also had lung lobectomy.One ease had a recurrence but refused any treatment again,and was lost to follow up;the therapy of 1 case unfinished;another 4 cases were without evidence of disease 9 to 19 months after surgery.Condusions The confirmation of ETF diagnosis is difficult before surgery.Surgical management is mostly recommended in ETT. The role of chemotherapy in ETT is not clear yet.

Objective To investigate the expression of low molecular mass polypeptide-2 (LMP2)and protein phosphatase 1A (PPM1A) in gestational trophoblastic disease and elucidate their predictive value in malignant transformation of hydatidiform mole. Methods The expressions of LMP2 and PPM1A protein in 196 complete hydatidiform moles (in which 28 cases with malignant transformation) , 7 invasive moles, 5 choriocarcinomas and 20 normal chorionic villus were detected with the method of En Vision immunohistochemistry. Their clinicopathologic data were retrospectively analyzed. Results LMP2 and PPM1A protein expressed in cytotrophocytes, syncytiotrophoblast and extravillous trophoblast. The level of LMP2 expression in deteriorative hydatidiform mole was significantly higher than that in non-deteriorative hydatidiform mole or normal chorionic villus (6. 79 ±2. 38, 5.26 ±2.63 and 3. 10 ±1.65, all P <0. 01),while there were no difference compared with gestational trophoblastic neoplasms (6. 42 ±2. 68, P=0. 113).The level of PPM1A expression was highest in normal chorionic villus, and decreased gradually in hydatidiform mole (non-deteriorative and deteriorative) and gestational trophoblastic neoplasms (6. 30 ±2. 98, 4. 93 ± 2. 50, 4. 43 ± 2. 04 and 3. 33 ± 2. 06, all P < 0. 01); the level of PPM1A expression in deteriorative hydatidiform mole was significantly lower than that in non-deteriorative hydatidiform mole (P=0.001). The expression of LMP2 protein was correlated to theca lutein ovarian cyst, the expression of PPM1A protein was related with uterine size (P < 0. 05) . While, there was no correlation between the expressions of the two proteins (P >0. 05). Conclusions High expression of LMP2 and low expression of PPM1A might play an important role in the motility and invasiveness of trophohlast cells and malignant transformation of hydatidiform mole. Testing the expression of LMP2 and PPM1A in hydatidiform mole tissues of initial uterine evacuation might be have some reference significance in judging outcomes of hydatidiform mole.

Amifostine ; pharmacology ; Anemia, Aplastic ; chemically induced ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Animals ; Benzene ; toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Male ; Mice

Objective: To observe the effect of 2 Hz electroacupuncture (EA) on long term depression (LTD) of synaptic transmission in the spinal dorsal horn in rats with neuropathic pain, so as to explore the central mechanisms of the antinociceptive effects of 2 Hz electroacupuncture on neuropathic pain. Methods: The neuropathic pain models were produced by tight ligation of the L5/L6 spinal nerves in Sprague Dawley rats. The C fiber evoked field potentials in the spinal dorsal horn were recorded with extracellular recording techniques. The parameters of the electroacupuncture were as follows: frequency of 2 Hz, wavelength of 0.6 ms, intensity of 1,2,3 mA lasting 10 min for each intensity, stimulation time of 30 min. The positive stimulating electrode was placed in acupoint “sanyinjiao” and the negative electrode in “zusanli”. Results: (1) 2 Hz electroacupuncture significantly decreased the amplitudes of C fiber evoked field potentials in the spinal dorsal horn in rats with neuropathic pain to (49.4?0.6)% of the control, compared with that (100.1?1.2) % of the control before EA (unpaired t test, P

AIM:To investigate the effects of MG132,one of the proteasomal peptide aldehydes inhibitors,on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced nuclear transcription factor-kappa B(NF-?B) activation,the production of nitric oxide(NO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-?),as well as the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) in murine macrophage line RAW264.7.METHODS:Reporter gene assay was used to examine the activity of NF-?B by pNiFty-SEAP/HEK293 cells,which were transfected with the pNiFty reporter plasmid into human embryo kidney cells(HEK293).Fluorescence substrate DAF-2DA was used to testify NO level in Raw264.7 cell line induced by LPS.Furthermore,the secretion of TNF-? was examined by ELISA.Western blotting was used to reveal the expression of iNOS and I?B-?.RESULTS:MG132 significantly decreased the secretion of TNF-? induced by LPS,with the inhibitory rates of 36.7% and 60.4% to 5 ?mol/L and 10 ?mol/L MG132,respectively.The pro-inflammatory mediator NO production was decreased in a dose-dependent manner with the inhibitory rates increasing from 29.5%(2 ?mol/L) to 55.9%(10 ?mol/L).Pretreatment with MG132 reduced the expression of iNOS,but restored the I?B restrain caused by LPS treatment.Observed by a reporter gene assay,TNF-?-induced NF-?B activity was decreased gradually by addition of increasing concentration of MG132(2.5-10 ?mol/L).CONCLUSION:Our results suggest an anti-inflammation effect of MG132 by the suppression of LPS-induced the production of pro-inflammatory mediators including NO and TNF-?,and the expression of iNOS,which probably mediates the blockage of I?B degradation and NF-?B activation.