Cerebral Hemorrhage ; complications ; Child ; Humans ; Intussusception ; complications ; Male ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch ; complications

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Tanreqing injection in treating children's viral pneumonia.METHODS:In this retrospective study,sixty children with viral pneumonia were randomly assigned to receive Tanreqing Injection(treatment Group,n=30)or Ribavirin(control Group,n=30).The clinical effects and adverse drug reactions(ADRs)of the two groups were compared,and the cost-effectiveness analyses were performed.RESULTS:The effective rate was 100% in the treatment Group versus 80% in the control Group;the incidence rate of ADRs was 3.33% vs.13.33%;the cost was 297.88 vs.399.95 yuan;and the cost-effectiveness was 297.88 vs.499.94,all showing significant differences between the two groups(P

italic>Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl. is a medicinal species belonging to the Orchidaceae, whose whole plant can be used as a medicinal herb, known as "JinXianLian". It has antidiabetic, liver-protecting, anti-inflammatory, etc. A. roxburghii has long been used as food and medicine in Guangdong and Fujian provinces. With the wide recognition of the concept of "medicine and food homology" and the surge of market demand, wild A. roxburghii has been far from meeting the supply. It is important to establish an artificial propagation system. Resource characteristics are the key basis for optimizing germplasm and propagation systems. Therefore, this paper summarizes the germplasm resource characteristics and propagation technologies of A. roxburghii in China to provide a reference for sustainable development and subsequent mechanistic research.

·AIM: To study the effect of an intravitreal injection of angiostatin on vascular leakage in the retina and iris of oxygen-induced retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).·METHODS: Brown Norway rats at postnatal day 7 (P7) were exposed to hyperoxia (750mL/L O2 )for 5 days (P7-12) and then returned to normoxia to induce retinopathy. Angiostatin was reconstituted in sterile Phosphate Buffered Saline(PBS) and diluted to desired different concentrations. Angiostatin solution was injected into the vitreous of the right eye of the ROP rats at P14 and the age-matched normal rats through pars plana using a glass capillary, and the left eye received the same volume of sterile PBS as the control. Vascular permeability was quantified at 1, 2 and 3 days after the injection by measuring albumin leakage from blood vessels into the retina and iris using the Evans blue method and normalized by total protein concentrations. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in retina was evaluated using the Western Blot analysis and immuno-histochemistry 24 hours following the injection.·RESULTS: ROP rats showed significant increases of vascular permeability in the retina and iris (P<0.01). Angio-statin reduces vascular permeability in a dose-dependent manner in the retina of ROP rats. The reduction showed a time course trend. [Angiostatin injection reduced retinal vascular permeability by approximately 1.5 and 2-fold at P15 (P<0.05) and P16 (P<0.01), respectively.] Angiostatin injection significantly reduced VEGF levels in the retina of ROP rats but did not affect retinal VEGF levels in normal rats.·CONCLUSION: Angiostatin significantly decreases pa-thological vascular permeability in the retina and iris of ROP rats but not in normal rats. Angiostatin down-regulates VEGF expression in retina of ROP rats. These results suggest that angiostatin may have a therapeutic potential in the treatment of ROP and other diseases with vascular leakage.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study is to investigate the occurrence and mechanism of Cheyne-Stokes breathing pattern in patients with heart failure.

METHODSFifty-six patients who performed polusomnography sleep testing at National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases Fuwai Hospital from March to May in 2015. We divided them into chronic heart failure (CHF) group and non-CHF group.

RESULTSThe occurrences of sleep apnea in two groups were high. In CHF group (n = 11) , there were 10 patients with apnea hypopnea index (AHI) > 5; and their AHI was 23.93 ±14.63. In non-CHF group (n = 45), there were 33 patients whose AHI > 5; and their AHI was 16.20 ± 18.76. The ratio of center sleep apnea to all gross sleep apnea ratio in CHF group was higher than that in non-CHF group (80.21% ± 30.55% vs 27.16% ± 35.71%, P < 0.01 ).

CONCLUSIONBased upon the new theory of holistic integrative physiology and medicine, we explain the mechanism of circulatory dysfunction induce the oscillation breathing in patients with CHF. The sleep apnea and C-S respiration in CHF should be called circulatory sleep apnea, rather than central sleep apnea.

Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological factors which can influence the occurrence of the recurrent occlusion of metallic stents in patients with malignant biliary obstruction. Methods The clinical data of 50 patients with malignant biliary obstruction, who suffered repeated metallic stents obstruction and were admitted to authors" hospital during the period of March 2006-September 2008, were retrospectively analyzed. Of 50 patients, liver carcinoma was diagnosed in 12, pancreatic carcinoma in 17 and carcinoma of bile duct in 21. The relevant factors which might bear a relation to the occurrence of repeated metallic stents obstruction were evaluated. Results Single factor analysis of variance indicated that the denomination of carcinoma, clinical stage of carcinoma, location of obstruction, whether infection being accompanied or not, and the anti-tumor therapy after biliary stenting treatment were the significant factors closely linked to the occurrence of repeated metallic stents obstruction in patients with malignant biliary obstruction, Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that clinical stage of carcinoma, location of obstruction and whether infection being accompanied or not were the important factors that determined the occurrence of repeated metallic stents obstruction. Conclusion Clinical stage of carcinoma, location of obstruction and whether infection being accompanied or not are important reference factors for judging the occurrence of occlusion of metallic stents in malignant biliary obstruction.

Objective: To analyze the effect of Argon-Helium cryosurgery (AHCS) on CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) and its implication in patients with advanced renal carcinoma.Methods:,Peripheral venous blood samples were ob-tained from 32 patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma before and after AHCS.The proportions of Treg cells and T lym-phocyte subsets (CD3+ T, CD4+ T, CD8+ T, CD4+ T/CD8+ T, and NK cells) in the peripheral blood were measured by flow cytometry.Enhanced CT or enhanced MRI was used to observe the necrosis of tumor at 1 month after AHCS.The areas with no imaging enhancement in tumor were regarded as tumor necrosis.The necrosis rate was measured by Cavalieri method and the tumor burden was evaluated.Results: At 3 months after AHCS, the percentages of Treg cells were gradual-ly decreased from 4.18%±1.58% to 1.96%±0.54%, with a significant difference (P=0.001).At 3 months after AHCS, the pro-portions of CD3+ T, CD4+ T, NK and CD4+ T/CD8+ T were gradually increased from 19.26%±7.52%, 43.54%±12.99%, 1.15%±0.57%, and 17.49%±8.36% to 30.83%±5.69%, 49.58±10.76%, 1.84%±0.12%, and 27.63%±8.20%, with a statistical significance (P=0.000, P=0.003, P=0.02, and P=0.001).The proportion of CD8 + T was decreased from 40.86%±8.89% to the lowest ratio (26.74%±4.29%) at 3 months after AHCS, with a significant difference (P=0.000).At 3～6 months after cryo-therapy, there was only a slight change in the proportions of CD3 + T, CD4 + T, CD4 + T/CD8 + T, NK, CD8 + T, and Treg cells, with no significant difference (P>0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the decrease in tumor burden was positively correlated with the decrease of the proportion of Treg cells (r=0.793, P<0.01).Conclusion: After AHCS, the distribution of T-lymphocyte subsets can be improved and the anti-tumor immune response was strengthened.The percentage of Treg cells is correlated with tumor burden.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of arthroscope-assisted surgical technique in treating knee fractures and knee peripheral fractures.Methods From September 2000 to December 2005,there were 46 cases with knee or knee peripheral fractures,in whom artbroseope-assisted surgical technique was performed in 36 cases including 24 males and 12 females,with mean age of 30.5 years (18-52 years).Of 36 cases,26 cases with patella fractures were treated by internal fixation of tension band using cancellous bone screws,four with distal end femoral fractures by retrograde interlocking using intramedullary nail and six with fractures of tibial plateau and tibial condyle crista by internal fixation u- sing cancellous bone screws.Results The mean hospitalization was eight days.A follow up for 3-36 months(average 14 months)in 36 cases showed fracture healing.Of 36 cases,32 cases regained full knee range of motion,four left with terminal flexion,with mean loss of 15?,and had thigh circumference (10 cm above knee)1.1 cm(range 0.6-2.0 cm)shorter than health side and two had slight pain in the knee joint.Lysholm knee joint function score was 86.5+7.6 for patellar fractures,tibial plateau frac- tures and condylar crista fractures.Conclusion As for knee or knee peripheral fractures,arthroscope- assisted surgical technique can provide fine monitoring,decrease trauma and complications,fixate inter- nally and help early ground exercise.

Objective To evaluate the biocompatibility of vessel extracellular matrix (VECM) with bladder smooth muscle cells of rabbits,and to discuss the feasibility of vessel extracellular matrix as a matrix for urinary tract reconstruction.Methods Primary cuhured bladder smooth muscle cells (RBSMCs) iso- lated from New Zealand rabbits were implanted on VECM (1?10~6 cells/ml).The effect of VECM on meta- bolic activity,attachment,proliferation of RBSMCs were monitored in vitro by inverted light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.The extracts of VECM and emulsion were prepared as experimental group and positive controls separately.The culture medium was used as negative control,and simple culture medium without cells was used as blank control.The cell viability was monitored by MTT method after 1-,3-,5-d see- ding.The in vivo tissue response to VECM was investigated by implanting into the subcutaneous sites of the rabbits.Results VECM exhibited nontoxic and bioactive effect on RBSMCs.RBSMCs could be attached to and proliferated on VECM and remained their morphologies.The cell proliferation rates of experimental group were 95.61%、98.34%、102.91%,respectively,after 1,3,5 d;those of negative control group were 100.00% ,respectively;and those of positive control group were 35.14%、38.95%、32.66%,respectively. There was significant difference in the rate between experimental group and positive control (P＜0.01),and no significant difference in the rate between experimental group and negative control (P＞0.05).In vivo, VECM demonstrated favorable tissue compatibility without tissue necrosis and fibrosis.Conclusions VECM exhibits nontoxic and bioactive effects on primary cultured bladder smooth muscle cells.It is a suit- able material for urinary tract reconstruction.

Objective To establish a simple , stableand effective method for the isolation and purification of ABL tyrosine kinase and its mutant ABLT315I.Methods pET-28a vector was inserted in abl gene or its site directed mutagenesis.Then Escherichia coli BL21 competent cells were co-transformed with pGEX6P-1-ptp-1b and pET28a-abl/pET28a-ablc944t .The transformed BL21 cells were incubated, and then were stimulated with Isopropyl-β-D-thiogala-ctopyranoside ( IPTG ) to express ABL tyrosine kinase and its mutant .The ABL tyrosine kinase and its mutant was purified by affinity chromatography and gel filtration chromatography .SDS-PAGE was used to detect the purity and relative molecular weight of ABL tyrosine kinase and its mutant.BCA method was used to determine the concentration of ABL tyrosine kinase and its mutant .Finally, kinase activity of target protein was examined by ATP /NADH coupling method .ResuIts SDS-PAGE showed the high purity of ABL tyrosine kinase and its mutant.The concentration of ABL and ABLT 315I protein was reached 28mg/L of LB and 20mg/L of LB, respectively.Both of the target protein was measured to have good tyrosine kinase activity in vitro .ConcIusion A simple, stable and effective method for the isolation and purification of ABL tyrosine kinase and its mutant was found successfully in the study , which laying good foundation for High Throughput Drug Screening and structure analysis of protein subsequently .