Health economics is an important part of general education for medical students,but the traditional,professional-education-oriented health economics courses do not adapt to the requirements of medical students' general education,which makes it necessary to reconstruct the course based on the concept of general education.Firstly,the course target should be reestablished with the full implementation of general education concept.Secondly,the teaching contents should be comprehensively optimized with a substantial streamlining of traditional content system.Thirdly,the teaching methods should be improved in order to meet the demands of the target.Finally,according to the teaching practice,it is suggested that more effort should be put on the teaching ability of teachers,the mining of new methods and cases,and the construction of high quality teaching materials.

The medical humanistic spirit is an ethical concept which takes people-oriented,life-loving,and a sustainable development of human physical and mental health as its ideal value.However,since the modern society is filled with technological doctrines,utilitarianism and market-oriented behaviors,making the humanistic spirit in medical education weakened,resulting in unethical action of healthcare services,disordered healthcare services,and the imbalance between physicians and patients.This paper studies the question of modern medicine brought about by the loss of humanistic spirit,discusses the "humanistic" feature of new healthcare reform,and bring forward a medical personnel training mode which stresses humanistic spirit.

An elicitor from fungus Mycenae sp. enhanced the extracellular pH of protocorms of Dendrobium candidum in two stages and also inspired the activities of PAL, POD and LOX. The different elicitors were different in enhancing the pH. The activities of PAL and POD ascended twice after elicitors were applied. The protocorms treated twice by elicitor had the higher PAL activity.

The situational teaching of the course of introduction to medical humanities has some problems, such as low participation, poor communication, and lack of humanities thought. By reading text and creating text, narrative medicine can make students deeply participate in the scene, provide an intro-spective opportunity of being close to the patients, and make students better redefine the story of the other so as to be able to help patients to take a positive view of the disease. Therefore, by using the method of reading text and creating text of narrative medicine, this paper has studied the “4+3” situational teaching model reform of the course of “introduction to medical humanities”, analyzed the present situation and achievements and pointed out that the teaching should pay attention to the key elements, which is “to build a correct value view of medical humanistic, strengthen the emotional education of humanistic care, as well as culture humanistic knowledge and culture humanistic ability”, and it has also put forward some sugges-tions on improving the teaching level of“Introduction to medical humanities”in the future.

Aim To isolate cancer stem cells from human pan-creatic cancer cell line L3. 6pl and to identify their biological characteristics. Methods L3. 6pl cells were cultivated in com-mercial low adhesion plate with serum-free stem cell culture me-dium ( MEM/F12 1:1 ) supplemented with B27. The cancer stem cells reformed into floating spheres were isolated. The method of tumor sphere formation was used to isolate/enrich and characterize the cancer stem cells in pancreatic carcinoma cell line L3. 6pl. Cancer stem cell spheres were collected and sorted using magnetic cell sorting ( magnetic activated cell sorting, MACS) technology, with the cell surface markers of CD24 +CD44 + ESA+. Self-renewal and EMT-related oncogene expres-sion were measured with Western blot. Cancer stem cells differ-entiation potential and the expression of cancer stem cell related signs were checked with Immunofluorescence assay. To deter-mine tumorigenesis in vivo, Xenograft assay in NOD-SCID mice were performed respectively, then immunohistochemistry proto-oncogene c-Met and RON expression were also checked. West-ern blot was used to detect the changes of stemness relative tran-scriptional factors and epithelial markers expressed in spheres before and after differentiation. Drug resistance of pancreatic cancer stem cells to gemcitabine or paclitaxel was measured with MTT assay. Results CD24 + CD44 + ESA+ cells were signifi-cantly tumorigenic, and cultured in serum-free conditions to form spheroids, which had the characteristics of stem cells with self-renewal, EMT and drug-resistant capabilities, and had a posi-tive correlation with the c-Met, RON protein expression. Con-clusion Human pancreatic stem cells are successfully isolated, which provides a useful model for individualized therapy and e-valuation of the therapeutic efficacy for pancreatic cancer pa-tients.

Research team shows virtual and distributed characteristics in the big science era.It is common and frequent that researcher often communicates with each other informally for knowledge sharing regularly or non-regularly.Thus raised the attention paid by research administrators to such informal communication in the research team.From the aspect of community practice,we tried to propose helpful suggestions and considerations to improve the effectiveness of informal communication from following four perspectives:focusing on the informal social network in research team,create conditions for informal communication,train communication coordinators and measure the values of informal communication scientifically.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the clinical experience for the reconstruction of upper lip defects in different degrees.

METHODSDifferent treatment methods were selected to reconstruct the upper lip defects according to the subunit, size or location of defects on the upper lip. The therapeutic results were analyzed and compared.

RESULTSFrom Jan. 1998 to Apr. 2012, 243 cases with upper lip defects were treated, including 85 cases of traumatic defects, 110 cases of defects secondary to lip cleft and 48 cases of defects after tumor resection. 48 cases were treated with direct closure, 69 cases with cross-lip flaps, 5 Cases with orbicularis oris muscle flaps, 53 cases with unilateral labial flaps, 42 cases with bilateral labial flaps, 22 cases with lower lip flaps, and 1 case with forehead flap, 1 case with forearm flap and 2 with nasolabial fold flaps. The patients were followed up for 3-18 months with satisfactory results.

CONCLUSIONSSatisfactory results could be achieved for upper lip defects with appropriate treatment methods according to the defects degree and characters.

Cleft Lip ; surgery ; Cosmetic Techniques ; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Humans ; Lip ; injuries ; surgery ; Mouth Mucosa ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome

Theultraperformanceliquidchromatographycoupledwithmassspectrometry(UPLC-MS)was used to investigate the metabolic difference of the decoction of Radix Aconiti Preparata ( RAP ) and its co-decoctions with Radix Paeoniae Alba ( RAP-RPA ) or Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae ( RAP-RST ) in rat intestinal bacteria. The principal component analysis ( PCA) of the relative contents of Aconitum alkaloids after metabolism was performed by SIMCA-P software. The score plots of PCA could successfully distinguish the three groups of RAP, RAP-RPA and RAP-RST. The result indicated that the differences of biotransformation among the groups of PAP, RAP-RPA and RAP-RST were significant. With the loading plot and independent-samples T test, seven relevant markers with the significant differences were found in the group of RAP-RPA, six relevant markers were obtained in the group of RAP-RST. The relative content of four markers in RAP-RPA was higher than that in RAP, and one marker in RAP-RST was higher than that in RAP. The relative contents of other markers were all lower than that in RAP. These markers may be the effective substance for explaining the different effects of Radix Aconiti Preparata before and after combination with Radix Paeoniae Alba and Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae.

This study was aimed to investigate the role of the delta-opioid receptor (DOR)-β-arrestin1-Bcl-2 signal transduction pathway in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) and the intervention effects of oxymatrine on UC. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal group, model group, oxymatrine-treated group and mesalazine-treated group (n=10 each) at random. The rat UC model was established by intra-colonic injection of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid in the model group and two treatment groups. The rats in oxymatrine-treated group were subjected to intramuscular injection of oxymatrine [63 mg/(kg·day)] for 15 days, and those in mesalazine-treated group given mesalazine solution [0.5 g/(kg·day)] by gastric lavage for the same days. Animals in normal group and model group were administered 3 mL water by gastric lavage for 15 days. On the 16th day, after fasting for 24 h, the rats were sacrificed for the removal of colon tissues. The expression levels of DOR, β-arrestin1 and Bcl-2 were determined in colon tissues by immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. It was found that the expression levels of DOR, β-arrestin1 and Bcl-2 protein and mRNA were significantly increased in the model group as compared with the other groups (P<0.05). They were conspicuously decreased in both mesalazine-treated and oxymatrine-treated groups in contrast to the model group (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference was noted in these indices between mesalazine- and oxymatrinetreated groups (P>0.05). This study indicated that the DOR-β-arrestin1-Bcl-2 signal transduction pathway may participate in the pathogenesis of UC. Moreover, oxymatrine can attenuate the development of UC by regulating the DOR-β-arrestin1-Bcl-2 signal transduction pathway.
Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; pharmacology ; Arrestins ; metabolism ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; metabolism ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Quinolizines ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Opioid, delta ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; beta-Arrestins

BACKGROUNDThe aim of this research was to investigate the changes in the vision-related resting-state network (V-RSN) in pituitary adenoma (PA) patients after vision improvement, which was induced by operative treatment.

METHODSTen PA patients with an improved visual acuity or/and visual field after transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection were recruited and underwent a complete neuro-ophthalmologic evaluation, as well as an magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol, including structural and resting-state functional MRI sequences before and after the operation. The regional homogeneity (ReHo) of the V-RSN was evaluated. Two sample t-test was performed to identify the significant differences in the V-RSN in the PA patients before and after transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection.

RESULTSCompared with the preoperation counterparts, the PA patients with improved vision after the operation exhibited reduced ReHo in the bilateral thalamus, globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, putamen nucleus, supplementary motor area, and left hippocampal formation, and increased ReHo in the bilateral cuneus gyrus, calcarine gyrus, right lingual gyrus, and fusiform gyrus.

CONCLUSIONSPA patients with improved vision exhibit increased neural activity within the visual cortex, but decreased neural activity in subareas of the multisensory and multimodal systems beyond the vision cortex.

Adenoma ; pathology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; pathology ; Young Adult