Objective:To explore the effect of costunolide on sensitivity of chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562/ADR to doxorubicin and its mechanism.Methods:K562/ADR cells in the logarithmic phase were used, and the cells were treated with different concentrations of costunolide, doxorubicin or costunolide combined with doxorubicin for 72 h. The cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 method, the cell proliferation rate was calculated, and the half inhibitory concentration (IC 50) of the two drugs was obtained. The cells were treated with 10 μmol/L costunolide, 10 μmol/L doxorubicin or costunolide combined with doxorubicin for 48 h, the apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry, and the expression level of p38-MAPK pathway related proteins was detected by Western blot. Results:The cell proliferation rate in the costunolide combined with doxorubicin group was lower than that in the corresponding concentration of the two drugs alone groups, and the differences were statistically significant both ( P < 0.05). The IC 50 of doxorubicin for K562/ADR cells was (13.50±0.86) μmol/L, and costunolide was (7.30±0.55) μmol/L ( t = 7.044, P = 0.002). The results of flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate of K562/ADR cells in the 10 μmol/L costunolide combined with 10 μmol/L doxorubicin group was higher than that of the blank control group, costunolide alone group and doxorubicin alone group, and the differences were statistically significant [(19.68±3.21)% vs. (2.96±0.87)%, (9.34±2.89)%, (9.18±2.13)%, all P<0.01]. Compared with the 10 μmol/L costunolide alone group and the 10 μmol/L doxorubicin alone group, the expression of the apoptosis inhibitor protein bcl-2 in the two-drug combination group was down-regulated, and the expressions of bad, p-p38, cleaved-caspase-3 and cleaved-PARP proteins were up-regulated. Conclusion:Costunolide can enhance the inhibitory effect of doxorubicin on the proliferation of K562/ADR cells and promote doxorubicin-induced apoptosis, which may reverse the drug resistance of K562/ADR cells by regulating the p38-MAPK pathway.

Diabetic retinopathy ( DR ) due to disturbance of carbohydrate metabolism is the most serious ocular complication in patients with diabetic disease, and diabetic macular edema ( DME) is one of the main causes of vision loss. lt is considered that many factors are involved in DME pathological process. DME is defined as an abnormal thickening of the macular associated with the accumulation of excess fluid in the extracellular space of the neurosensory retina. Nowadays, the main treatment methods of DME include pharmacotherapy, laser photocoagulation and surgery. lnflammatory components within the vascular tissue play an important role in the development of DME, so drug therapy is an important method for DME. ln this review, we summarized the risk factors and the current pharmacotherapy situation of DME.

Heart Failure ; Humans ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Prognosis

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; Facial Bones ; abnormalities ; Humans ; Infant ; Larynx ; pathology ; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ; Pharynx ; pathology ; Polysomnography ; Respiration ; Risk Factors ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of auricular acupoint sticking plus music therapy for post-stroke insomnia.
Methods:A total of 154 cases with post-stroke insomnia were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group by the random digital table, 77 cases in each group. The control group was treated by auricular acupoint sticking, while the observation group was treated by auricular acupoint sticking plus music therapy, to compare the clinical effects at the end of the treatment and three months after the treatment between the two groups.
Results:At the end of treatment, the total effective rate was 98.7% in the observation group, remarkably higher than 89.6% in the control group, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Three months after the end of the treatment, the total effective rate was 90.9% in the observation group, remarkably higher than 80.5% in the control group, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion:Auricular acupoint sticking plus music therapy was affirmative in the clinical effects for post-stroke insomnia, providing a new idea to design a best nursing and rehabilitative plan for the patients with post-stroke insomnia.

Epidermalgrowthfactorreceptor-tyrosinekinaseinhibitor(EGFR-TKI)resistanceinnon-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)has become more and more common,which includes primary and secondary resistance.The primary resistance is mainly related with EGFR gene mutation,and the secondary resistant is mainly related with T790M,MET and other genes.

Object To study the formation of geoherbalism of Flos Lonicerae on the molecular level Methods Genomic DNAs from different populations of Lonicera japonica Thunb , outgroup Lonicera similis Hemsl , and Lonicera confusa DC were extracted, the 5S rRNA gene spacer region amplified, sequuenced, and analysed with Mega 1 02 Results The fragments of 5S rRNA gene spacer region in Lonicera L was about 210 bp with G+C content up to about 70% The sequences were different in various populations, and can be identified by sequencing The genetic distance between L confusa and L japonica was larger Conclusion The genuine distance between species was larger than that within species; the genetic distance among genuine crude drugs was smaller; the genetic distance among genuine and ungenuine crude drugs were bigger than that among genuine crude drugs

Objective To investigate the characteristic of autoantibodies of M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) in serum and the glomerular IgG subclass deposits in undetermined atypical membranous nephropathy (MN) patients.Methods From Feb 2004 to Nov 2011,53 cases diagnosed as MN by kidney puneture biopsy in our hospital were included into the study.There were 20 undetermined atypical membranous nephropathy (UAMN),20 idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) and 13 secondary membranous nephropathy (SMN) which were composed of lupus membranous nephropathy (LMN) and HBV related membranous nephropathy (HBV-MN).Clinlical and pathological characteristics were analyzed.The autoantibodies of PLA2R in serum were detected and the glomerular IgG subclass deposits were observed.Results (1) The average age underwent renal biopsy was (37.9±3.8) years of UAMN,(50.1±3.0) years of IMN and (49.5±4.5) years of SMN.The difference in onset average age at disease was significant between UAMN and IMN (P =0.0178).The female/male ratio (F/M) in UAMN,IMN and SMN was 0.8∶ 1,0.7∶1 and 0.6∶ 1(P ＞ 0.05).(2) Compared with SMN,the level of 24-hours urinary protein excretion (3.47 g vs 7.89 g,P =0.023),the ratio of amount urinary protein patients (50.0％ vs 84.6％,P=0.043),the level of serum IgG [(8.40±3.58) g/L vs (10.09±4.69) g/L,P =0.025] and the positive rate of ANA in serum (10.0％ vs 53.8％,P =0.006) in UAMN were all much lower.There were no significant statistical differences in serum albumin,serum creatinine,eGFR,positive rate of HBsAg,HBeAg or HCV,as well as the ratio of hypo-albuminemia and nephrotic syndrome among the three groups.(3) IF positive rate of IgA,IgM and C1q in UAMN were all significantly higher than that in IMN (P ＜ 0.01).There were no significant differences in IF positive rate of IgA,IgM,C1q,IgG and C3 between UAMN and SMN.The IF strength of IgA,IgG,IgM,C3 and C1q in UAMN showed no significant differences between UAMN and SMN.(4) The serum autoantibodies of PLA2R were only detected in 10 cases of IMN group (50％) with all the other cases negative.This detection rate of serum autoantibodies of PLA2R showed significant statistical differences among the three groups (P ＜ 0.01),but no differences between UAMN and SMN (the detection rate in both groups were 0％).(5) IgG1 deposits was the dominant IgG on the glomeruli in UAMN group (40％),as well as in SMN group (76.9％).IgG4 deposits was the dominant IgG on the glomeruli in IMN group (60％).The positive rate of IgG1 and IgG3 in UAMN showed no significant statistical differences when compared with IMN or SMN.The positive rate of IgG2 in UAMN was significantly lower than in SMN (30.0％ vs 69.2％,P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of IgG4 in UAMN was significantly lower than in IMN (20％ vs 60％,P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of IgG1,IgG2 and IgG3 in SMN were all significantly higher than in IMN.Conclusions None of the UAMN group had autoantibodies of PLA2R in serum,and IgG1 deposits was the dominant IgG subclass on the glomeruli which indicated the similarity with the SMN group.At the same time,UAMN was significantly different from SMN in clinical manifestations.

BACKGROUND: Neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons are extensively located in various brain regions such as cerebral cortex, caudate-putamen nucleus, syslimbic system, thalamus and brain stem. They are also involved in various brain activities such as motor learning, motor memory and motor integration. Considering the fact that cerebellum can reorganize through motor learning, we tried to identify the morphology and distribution of NPY neurons in rat's cerebellar cortex to obtain the morphologic knowledge that is related to its cerebellar-cortex-based motor learning.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the morphology and distribution of NPY -immunoreactive neurons in rat's cerebellar cortex, and discuss the relationship between NPY neurons and cerebellum motor learning and motor memory.DESIGN: A single-sample-study based on animal samples.SETTING: Anatomy Department, Pathophysiology Department and Morphology Center in Xinxiang Medical College.MATERIALS: From July to December 2001, the experiment was performed at the Morphology Center in Xinxiang Medical College. Ten Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, clean grade, regardless of their gender and weighing 100-200 g,were selected.METHODS: After intraperitoneal injection anesthesia and ascending aorta infusion fixation, the cerebellum was taken out by craniosurgery. The cerebellum was immersed in the same fixative fluid for duration of 48 hours, and then was embedded in paraffin. The next step was to make continuous sagittal sections. NPY neurons were identified by SP immunohistochemical staining, using rats cerebral section as the positive control. In the negative control, the first antibody replaced by Bovine Calf Serum(BCS), and the second antibody replaced by 0.01 mol/L PBS. Sequentially the light-microscopic observation and micrography were recorded.MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The Morphology and distribution of NPY neurons in rat's cerebellar cortex were taken as main outcome measurements.RESULTS: NPY-immunoreactive neurons were distributed in the Purkinje layer of the cerebellum. They had pear-like or spherical shapes, clear and unstained nucleus, unstained axons and dendrites, and their axons stretching out into the granular layer while the reticular dendrites elongated into the molecular layer. NPY-immunoreactive fibers, instead of neurons, were found in the molecular layer and granular layer.CONCLUSION: NPY-immunoreactive neurons in the Purkinje layer of the cerebellum may be involved in motor learning, motor memory, visceral activity and higher motor integration.

Objective To develop a method for separation and determination of safrole and 6-methyl coumarin in cosmetics by GC-MS. Methods The cosmetics were extracted with methanol and then dehydrated,and filtrated through the membrane of 0.45 ?m. The filtration liquid was injected into GC and GC-MS for detection and quantitative analysis with external standard method. Results The recovery rates of safrole and 6-methyl coumarin were 101.3%-106.0% and relative standard deviations of safrole and 6-methyl coumarin were 0.9%-1.4% and 0.9%-2.1% respectively. The detection limits were 5 and 10 ?g/g. Conclusion This method is accurate and sensitive for detection of safrole and 6-methyl coumarin in cosmetic.