Objective To investigate the status of rehabilitation for schizophrenia in China. Methods Papers about schizophrenia rehabilitation were retrieved from CNKI and analyzed. Results Schizophrenia rehabilitation was mainly performed by psychiatrists and nurses,rather than rehabilitation teams. 86.91% of the papers reported general rehabilitation. The psychiatric rehabilitation mainly performed in the hospital rather than in community, especially in rural. Conclusion The rehabilitation for schizophrenia needs more team-work and will be further deepened.

AIM: To investigate the expression and the significance of β-catenin and Cyclin D1 in gliomas. METHODS: The SABC immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of β-catenin and Cyclin D1 in 49 brain gliomas and 5 normal brain tissues. RESULTS: The β-catenin positive ratio in normal brain tissues and glioma samples are 2/5 and 38/49(P<0.01) respectively, and the Cyclin D1 positive ratio in normal brain tissues and gliomas are 1/5 and 42/49(P<0.01); Compared with the normal brain tissue, both the immunohistochemical expression of β-catenin and Cyclin D1 were up-regulated(P<0.05), and the expression of β-catenin and Cyclin D1 between the normal brain tissues and gliomas exhibited significantly difference (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: β-catenin and Cyclin D1 increased in gliomas may be precipitate the tumorigenesis of glioma.

Objective Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is necessary to the development of cervical cancer.Until now,the distribution of specific HPV type has not been identified clearly yet.Besides,the relationship between age and the HPV type-specific distribution in cervical adenocarcinoma needs to be further investigated.Methods This study included 32 specimens of cervical adenocarcinoma out of a multicenter clinical study in China.The specimen blocks were sliced by sandwich method.DNA was amplified by SPF10-PCR method.DNA genotyping used LiPA method.All biopsy specimens had pathologic diagnosis.The prevalence of HPV type-specific distribution was described and the differences were analyzed statistically.Results 32 adenocarcinoma cases were included in this sttudy.HPV positive rate was 53.1％ (17/32).HPV-18 was the most prevalent type,which took up 47.4 ％ (8/17) of the total HPV positive cases,followed by HPV-16,which took up 26.3 ％ (5/17) of the total HPV positive cases.Other HPV types detected were HPV-39,HPV-45 and HPV-66.One multi-infection case was found (HPV-18 and HPV-66 co-infection).The average ages of HPV-16 and HPV-18 were 48.6 and 40.6 years old respectively,which showed statistically difference (P =0.049).When the patients younger than 50 years old were compared with the patients equal or older than 50 years old as two age groups,HPV positive rate did not show significantly statistical difference (P =0.074) between the two age groups.The prevalence of HPV-18 manifested significant differences between the two age groups in both HPV positive adenocarcinoma cases and overall adenocarcinoma cases (P =0.029and P =0.003 respectively).The prevalence of HPV-16 did not show any significant statistical difference between the two age groups in either HPV positive adenocarcinoma cases or overall adenocarcinoma cases (P =0.6 and P =1 respectively).HPV-16 and/or HPV-18 infection (at least one positive) in HPV positive adenocarcinoma cases did not have statistical significance (P =0.052),while in overall adenocarcinoma cases,HPV-16 and/or HPV-18 infection presented significant statistical difference (P =0.005).Conclusion HPV-18 and HPV-16 were two most prevalent HPV types in cervical adenocarcinoma.HPV infection and HPV-18infection were more common in young women.The prevalence of HPV-16 was more common in older adenocarcinoma cases compared with HPV-18.Those findings will provide evidence for the evaluation of HPV vaccine in preventing cervix related diseases.

The effect of anisodine on brain monoamine was studied in 30 rats. The brain monoamine levels of caudate nucleus, hippocampus, diencephalon, brain stem and cerebral cortex were estimated by fluoro-metric method in drug-treated rats and saline-treated controls. Only the NE level of the brain stem was significantly increased in anisodine-treated animals 48 hours after injection. There were no significant differences in the dopamine values between anisodine-treated rats and saline-treated controls, while the 5HT and 5HIAA levels were significantly increased in anisodine-treated animals. The relation of brain monoamines to learning and memory is discussed. The increased 5HT and 5HIAA levels caused by anisodine may play a role in the impairment of memory.

Objective To investigate the effects of mannan-binding lectin (MBL) on IL-8 and TNF-α production induced by Candida albicans ( C. albicans) in human THP1/CD14 monocytes. Methods The THP1/CD14 cells were stimulated for 24 h with heat-inactivated yeast form or hyphal form cells of C. albicans strain at the indicated ratios after pretreated with human natural MBL at concentrations ranging from 1 to 20 mg/L for 2 h. The content of IL-8 and TNF-α in culture supernatants were detected by ELISA,and the levels of IL-8 and TNF-α mRNA expressions in these cells were determined by RT-PCR. Western blot was used to detect C. albicans-induced NF-κB translocation in THP1/CDI4 cells. Results ELISA showed that secretion of IL-8 and TNF-α from THP1/CD14 cells could be induced by both yeast cells and hyphal cells. Hyphal cells proved to be much less efficient than yeast cells in stimulating production of IL-8and TNF-α by THP1/CD14 cells. The productions of IL-8 and TNF-α by THP1/CD14 cells induced with C.albicans were profoundly inhibited by MBL at higher concentrations ( 10-20 mg/L) but not MBL at lower concentrations ( 1 mg/L). RT-PCR analysis also indicated that the mRNA expressions of IL-8 and TNF-αt in THP1/CD14 cells were decreased to various extents by MBL at higher concentration, compared to the corresponding THP1/CD14 cells stimulated with C. albicans only. Similarly, MBL at higher concentration ( 20mg/L) decreased the NF-κB translocation in THP1/CD14 cells. Conclusion MBL may inhibit IL-8 and TNF-α production induced by dimorphism C. albicans in THP1/CD14 cells, suggesting that MBL can play some roles on the regulation of C. albicans immune response.

ObjectiveTo compare the safety and efficacy of ligature between traditional ligation way in gastrectomy.Methods60 patients with gastrointestinal cancioma were selected and randomly divided into two groups,30cases of ligature(treatment group),30 cases of ligation (traditional group).ResultsThe operative time,blood loss,postoperative hospital stay,complications and treatment costs was compared between the two groups.Compared with the traditional group,there were shorter treatment time,reduced bleeding,shorter hospital stay,fewer complications,reduced treatment costs in treatment group.ConclusionLigature gastrectomy is safe and effective.

Objective To set up a technical platform of reverse genetics based on the 8 plasmid.virus rescue system of cold-adapted influenza virus strain. Methods The cold-adapted, temperature sensitive, live attenuated influenza virus strain A/AnnArbor/6/60(H2N2)was chosen as the master donor virus(MDV)for rescue research,and its six internal gene fragments PB2,PB1,PA,NP,M and NS were artificially synthesized. Meanwhile, five amino acid mutations have been introduced as tags. Six fragments were ligated with modified pAD3000 for the construction of rescue plasmid. Six transcription/expression plasmids(pMDV-A-PB2,pMDV-A-PB1,pMDV-A-PA,pMDV-A-NP,pMDV-A-M,and pMDV-A-NS)were obtained, and their sequences were accurate. Results The reassorted virus named as rMDV-A contains HA and NA gene segments derived from PR8 strain along with six gene segments,PB2,PB1,PA,NP,M and NS,from MDV. The COS-1 cells were co-transfected with eight recombinant plasmids. The results showed that a cold-adapted, attenuated reassortant influenza A virus with hemagglutination activity was rescued successfullv bv"6+2" combination of MDV and PR8, and the allanotoic fluid of the injected eggs gave a posigenes of A/AA/6/60 used as backbone has provided experimental materials for further research on the gene function and novel vaccine candidate of cold-adapted, attenuated human influenza virus.

A cold-adapted (ca), temperature sensitive (ts), live attenuated influenza B virus strain B/Ann Arbor/1/66 was chosen for influenza virus rescue research, in which six internal gene segments, PB1, PB2, PA, NP, M, NS, were fully synthesized and nine amino acid substitutions were artificially alter by human intervention. The resultant B/Ann Arbor/1/66 plasmids were named as pAB121-PB1, pAB122-PB2, pAB123-PA, pAB124-HA, pAB125-NP, pAB126-NA, pAB127-M and pAB128-NS, respectively. A recombinant influenza A virus was previously generated entirely from cloned cDNA. An infectious recombinant influenza B virus was generated here, and designated as rMDV-B, by plasmid-based reverse genetics. The rMDV-B virus contained HA and NA genes from an epidemic influenza B vires strain B/Malaysia/2506/2004 in the background of internal genes derived from influenza B virus strain B/Ann Arbor/1/66. HA titer of rMDV-B in MDCK cells and embryonated chicken eggs ranged from 1 : 64 to 1 : 512. The results may allow an effective live influenza B vaccine to be produced from a single master strain, providing a model for the design of future live human influenza vaccines.

Six gene segments,PB1,PB2,PA,NP,M and NS,were fully synthesized which derived from the master donor virus (MDV),cold-adapted(ca),temperature sensitive(ts),live attenuated influenza virus strain A/Ann Arbor/6/60(MDV-A).Meanwhile,five amino acid substitutions (PB1-391E,58lG,661T,PB2-265S,NP-34G) were artificially altered by human intervention.HA and NA fragments derived from the 2006-2007 circulating strain A/New Caledonia/20/99 (H1N1).Eight fragments were ligated with modified pAD3000 for rescue plasmid construction.Eiight transcription/expression plasmids were named as pMDV-A-PB2,pMDV-A-PB1,pMDV-A-PA,pMDV-A-NP,pMDV-A-M,pMDV-A-NS,pMDV-A-HA,pMDV-A-NA,respectively.The COS-l cells were co-transfected with eight plasmids representing 6 internal viral backbone of the strain A/AA/6/60 and two plasmids containing the CDNA of the HA and NA segments of the strain A/New Caledonia/20/99 (H1N1),the results showed that cold-adapted,attenuated reassortant influenza A virus Was rescued successfully.Titers of a reassorted influenza A virus in embryonated chicken eggs mnged from 1:29to l:210.The rescue system of six intemal genes used as backbone opens the way for further research on gene function and neotype vaccine candidate of cold-adapted,live attenuated human influenza virus.

OBJECTIVETo explore the differences of the shapes of seeds and germination characters of Alisma plantago-aquatica.

METHODThe seeds were collected from four regions in Sichuan province, characters of the seeds' appearance were observed. The purification, weights per thousand seeds, content of moisture, seed vigor and different germination rates of A. plantago-aquatica were measured. The germination rates of the seeds were determined under different temperature treatments.

RESULTIt was markedly varied in shapes of the seeds, rates of germination and all quality characters of the four local species. The seeds from Pengshan showed the best quality, the weights per thousand, the seed vigor and germination rate were 0.4308 g, 6% and 82%, respectively, and the size of the seed, its width and length were 1.882, 1.455 mm, respectively. The length was positively correlated with the width, and so did the weights per thousand seeds with the seed vigor and germination rates. The rate of seed vigor was positively correlated with the rate of germination. Results indicated that temperature had affected the germination of the seed.

CONCLUSIONThe seed from Pengshan was the best. The result of this study provides scientific evidences for identification, growth and cultivation of A. plantago-aquatica.

Alisma ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Germination ; Seedlings ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Seeds ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Temperature ; Water ; metabolism