Objective To observe the effect of 5 fluorouracil (5 FU) on regulating the inflammatory and anti inflammatory cytokines in acute pancreatitis(AP) in rats, and to investigate the mechanism of treatment of AP with 5 FU. Method SD male rats were divided randomly into 3 groups:false operation group (n=6), AP group(n=24) and 5 FU treatment group(n=24). Then, AP group and 5 FU treatment group redivided respectively into 3 subgroups: After the AP model sut up or after 5 Fu treatment 2, 6 and 24 h subgroups (n=8). The animals were killed at the blood samples were taken for measurement of TNF ?, IL 1, IL 6, IL 10 and TGF ?. The wet weight of pancreatic tissue and blood amylase also were observed. Results Both serum inflammatory cytokines (TNF ?,IL 1 and IL 6) and anti inflammatory cytokines (IL 10 and TGF ?) in AP group increased significantly (P

AIM: To investigate the expression and the significance of β-catenin and Cyclin D1 in gliomas. METHODS: The SABC immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of β-catenin and Cyclin D1 in 49 brain gliomas and 5 normal brain tissues. RESULTS: The β-catenin positive ratio in normal brain tissues and glioma samples are 2/5 and 38/49(P<0.01) respectively, and the Cyclin D1 positive ratio in normal brain tissues and gliomas are 1/5 and 42/49(P<0.01); Compared with the normal brain tissue, both the immunohistochemical expression of β-catenin and Cyclin D1 were up-regulated(P<0.05), and the expression of β-catenin and Cyclin D1 between the normal brain tissues and gliomas exhibited significantly difference (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: β-catenin and Cyclin D1 increased in gliomas may be precipitate the tumorigenesis of glioma.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphisms of exon 6 C161→T of peroxisome proliferators activated receptor γ(PPART)gene and osteoporosis in elderly male. Methods Polymerase chain reaction restriction-fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)was used to analyze the gene frequency distribution in the groups of nonosteoporosis and osteoporosis in elderly male.Bone mineral density of lumbar and hip(neck of femur,greater trochanter,Ward's triangle)were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.Serum osteocalcin level was measured by enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Results The exon 6 of PPARγ had 3 genotypes(CC,CT and TT).The frequency of T allele in osteoporosis was higher than that in non-osteoporosis.Compared with the control group,serum bone glaprotein level and bone mineral density was lower in osteoporosis group.The bone mineral density in the genotype of CT and TT groups were lower than that in the genotype of CC group. Conclusions The study shows that the single nucleotide polymorphisms of 6th exons of PPARγ may relate to osteoporosis in elderly male.T allele of PPARγ may be a predisposing factor of osteoporosis in elderly male.PPARγmay be a candidate gene of osteoporosis in elderly males.

Objective:To detect the influence of Ipas, and construct better Shigella vaccines.Methods: Guniea pigs were immunized with Ipa + and Ipa - bivalent Shigella vaccines strains by eyes mucosal immunization, and challenged with willed strains. The specific antibodies in tears were measured by BA ELISA assays after immunization and challenge. Results: The levels of specific local specific antibodies of immunized groups increased significantly compared to the control group and Ipa + group compared to Ipa - group after immunization.Conclusion: The expression of invasive plasmid antigens(Ipa) can enhance the levels of specific local antibodies. The two Shigella vaccines have good immunogenicity.

Objective To observe the safety and effectiveness of high-dose chemotherapy(HDT) supported by autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells transplantation(APBHSCT) in the patients of terminal or relapsed malignant tumors.Methods The patients achieved CR or PR after 4 cycles of conventional salvage chemotherapy were divided into two groups randomly.26 patients in the research group were adapted APBHSC+HDC,50 patients in the control group were adapted 2～4 cycles of routine chemotherapy.Results In the research group,hematopoiesis was reconstructed in all patients,8 out of 17 patients who achieved PR after 4 cycles of conventional salvage chemotherapy turned into CR after APBHSC+HDC(CR rate 47.1%).In the control group,33 patients who achieved PR after 4 cycles of conventional salvage chemotherapy were still PR after 2～4 cycles of routine chemotherapy.The median survival period in the research group was 11 months,which was longer than the one in the control group.The survival rates of 2,3 and 4 years in the research group were evidently higher than the ones in the control group(P

Objective To evaluate our self-designed guide used clinically in percutaneous placement of lumbosacral pedicle screws in surgery of lumbar vertebral fractures.Methods From May 2012 to March 2015,143 patients with lumbar vertebral fracture were treated with reduction and fixation using percutaneous lumbosacral pedicle screws in our department.Percutaneous placement of lumbosacral pedicle screws was assisted by our self-designed guide in 69 of them(guide group) but not in the other 74 cases (manual group).The 2 groups were compatible in preoperative general data (P ＞ 0.05).The 2 groups were compared in terms of localization time for a single screw,puncture accuracy,times of intraoperative fluoroscopy,operation time,intraoperative blood loss,and hospital stay.Results The guide group had significantly better localization time for a single screw,puncture accuracy,times of fluoroscopy and operation time than the manual group (P ＜ 0.05),but the 2 groups showed no significant differences in intraoperative blood loss and hospital stay (P ＞ 0.05).The guide group obtained an average follow-up of 12.9 months (from 12 to 16 months) while the manual group obtained an average follow-up of 13.2 months (from 12 to 18 months).All fractures healed primarily,without complications like injuries to nerve root or dural sac.Conclusion Our self-designed guide is recommendable because it can obviously improve accuracy of placement of lumbosacral pedicle screws,shorten operation time,and decrease times of intraoperative fluoroscopy.

Objective Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is necessary to the development of cervical cancer.Until now,the distribution of specific HPV type has not been identified clearly yet.Besides,the relationship between age and the HPV type-specific distribution in cervical adenocarcinoma needs to be further investigated.Methods This study included 32 specimens of cervical adenocarcinoma out of a multicenter clinical study in China.The specimen blocks were sliced by sandwich method.DNA was amplified by SPF10-PCR method.DNA genotyping used LiPA method.All biopsy specimens had pathologic diagnosis.The prevalence of HPV type-specific distribution was described and the differences were analyzed statistically.Results 32 adenocarcinoma cases were included in this sttudy.HPV positive rate was 53.1％ (17/32).HPV-18 was the most prevalent type,which took up 47.4 ％ (8/17) of the total HPV positive cases,followed by HPV-16,which took up 26.3 ％ (5/17) of the total HPV positive cases.Other HPV types detected were HPV-39,HPV-45 and HPV-66.One multi-infection case was found (HPV-18 and HPV-66 co-infection).The average ages of HPV-16 and HPV-18 were 48.6 and 40.6 years old respectively,which showed statistically difference (P =0.049).When the patients younger than 50 years old were compared with the patients equal or older than 50 years old as two age groups,HPV positive rate did not show significantly statistical difference (P =0.074) between the two age groups.The prevalence of HPV-18 manifested significant differences between the two age groups in both HPV positive adenocarcinoma cases and overall adenocarcinoma cases (P =0.029and P =0.003 respectively).The prevalence of HPV-16 did not show any significant statistical difference between the two age groups in either HPV positive adenocarcinoma cases or overall adenocarcinoma cases (P =0.6 and P =1 respectively).HPV-16 and/or HPV-18 infection (at least one positive) in HPV positive adenocarcinoma cases did not have statistical significance (P =0.052),while in overall adenocarcinoma cases,HPV-16 and/or HPV-18 infection presented significant statistical difference (P =0.005).Conclusion HPV-18 and HPV-16 were two most prevalent HPV types in cervical adenocarcinoma.HPV infection and HPV-18infection were more common in young women.The prevalence of HPV-16 was more common in older adenocarcinoma cases compared with HPV-18.Those findings will provide evidence for the evaluation of HPV vaccine in preventing cervix related diseases.

OBJECTIVETo explore the differences of the shapes of seeds and germination characters of Alisma plantago-aquatica.

METHODThe seeds were collected from four regions in Sichuan province, characters of the seeds' appearance were observed. The purification, weights per thousand seeds, content of moisture, seed vigor and different germination rates of A. plantago-aquatica were measured. The germination rates of the seeds were determined under different temperature treatments.

RESULTIt was markedly varied in shapes of the seeds, rates of germination and all quality characters of the four local species. The seeds from Pengshan showed the best quality, the weights per thousand, the seed vigor and germination rate were 0.4308 g, 6% and 82%, respectively, and the size of the seed, its width and length were 1.882, 1.455 mm, respectively. The length was positively correlated with the width, and so did the weights per thousand seeds with the seed vigor and germination rates. The rate of seed vigor was positively correlated with the rate of germination. Results indicated that temperature had affected the germination of the seed.

CONCLUSIONThe seed from Pengshan was the best. The result of this study provides scientific evidences for identification, growth and cultivation of A. plantago-aquatica.

Alisma ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Germination ; Seedlings ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Seeds ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Temperature ; Water ; metabolism

Based on the teaching concept of constructivism, this study aims to promote independent inquiry-based learning and clinical thinking among students and establish the guiding ideology of "full participation, process control, in-depth discussion, and expansion of thinking". A blending learning model was adopted with offline inquiry-based group learning and in-class defense and comment, as well as online teacher-student interaction and supervision to promote learning. Case-problem-based learning (CPBL) of pathophysiology was carried out among the medical students in the class of 2017, and process management was strengthened to effectively manage the two key links of data retrieval and group discussion. The analysis of 176 teaching evaluations collected at the end of the semester show that in terms of the overall evaluation of CPBL teaching, 162 students (92.05%) had high evaluation on teaching objectives, organization, cases, and personal gains and held a very or relatively favorable attitude. There were more negative feedbacks on "appropriate time allocation"; 21 students (11.93%) held a relatively or very disapproving attitude, and 149 students (84.66%) "felt very tired". In terms of teaching effect evaluation, 150 students (85.23%) strongly or relatively agreed that CPBL teaching may help to understand professional knowledge, stimulate learning enthusiasm and initiative, improve problem solving ability, emphasize clinical practice to cultivate clinical thinking, supervise and promote learning, and enhance team cooperation and teacher-student communication. In terms of the evaluation of teachers, 167 students (94.89%) thought that teachers were rigorous, responsible, and enthusiastic in teaching, attached importance to process management, and did well in effective guidance and thinking inspiration (strongly or relatively agree). The above results suggest that the CPBL teaching reform of pathophysiology based on process management can effectively promote in-depth inquiry-based independent learning and the cultivation of clinical thinking and improve teaching effectiveness, but further improvement is needed for teaching arrangement and time allocation.

Laparoscopic radical surgery for rectal can-cer involves total mesorectal excision (TME), D 3 lymphadenectomy, and pelvic autonomic nerve preservation, the goal of which is trying to achieve completely radical cure for cancer and urogenital function preservation. In the actual operation procedure, the understanding of fascial anatomy in abdominal and pelvic cavity will help us to improve the quality of TME surgery for rectal cancer and to preserve the pelvic autonomic nerves. When entering the pelvic cavity, the identification of fascia propria of mesorectum, visceral fascia, pre-hypogastric nerve fascia, presacral fascia, ligament structures around the rectum and the Denonvilliers′ fascia in front of the rectum will help us to protect the pelvic autonomic nerves and avoid surgical injury. So the authors focus on how to identify the pelvic fascia structure clearly in laparoscopic radical resection for rectal cancer, furthermore, to master the concepts of fascia anatomy to realize TME for rectal cancer and to achieve pelvic autonomic nerve preservation.