AIM:To develop a high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry(HPLC-EMI-MS)analysis approach of Alisma orientalis(Sam.)Juzep.METHODS:A Zorbax SB-C_ 18 column was used under the gradient elution condition with acetonitrile-H_2O.The MS detection was performed on an Agilent ion trap mass spectrometer with an elctrospray ionization source under the positive ion detection mode.RESULTS:Alisol B,alisol B-23-aceate,alisol C-23-aceate,alisol C,16-oxoalisol A and 11-deoxyalisol C were identified by their MS and MS2 fragments.The MS2 fragments of the 6 compounds were completed.CONCLUSION:The total ion current chromatogram of Alisma orientalis(Sam.)Juzep.was more characteristic than of the UV chromatogram.6 bioactive compounds can be simultaneously analyzed by the HPLC-EMI-MS method established in this experiment and it is a good quality control of Alisma orientalis(Sam.)Juzep.

Objective To study the effect of etomidate on the changes in [Ca2+]i in rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes induced by KCI. Methods Freshly isolated SD rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes were prepared. KCI was used as chemical stimulant. Neurochemical method was employed (Fura-2 was used as calcium indicator) . Etomidate was added (the end concentration was 0.4, 4, 40 and 100 ?mol?L-1 respectively) before and after stimulation with KCI 50 mmol?L-1 to determine the peak and plateau [Ca2+]i in the cerebrocortical synaptomes. Results Before KCI stimulation etomidate inhibited KCl-evoked increase in intra-synaptosomal [Ca2+ ]i in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibitory ratio of peak calcium concentration was 5%?3% , 11%?6% , 24%?10% and 33%?12% respectively as compared with control. Etomidate at concentration of 40 ?mol?L-1 and above had significant effect on [Ca2+]i. When added immediately after KCI stimulation, 4,40 ?mol?L-1 etomidate significantly increased plateau [Ca2+]i in synaptosomes.Conclusion Etomidate alters KC1-induced calcium dynamics in rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes. Presynaptic calcium channels and calcium removal mechanism are involved in its anesthetic action.

Cerebrovascular Intervention is to study the subject of diagnosing and treating cerebrovascular disease with interventional endovascular techniques monitored and guided by neuroimaging. With the continuous development of computer, imaging and angiography techniques, their study method and category are being innovated and expanded continuously in recent years. This article reviews the novel techniques of imaging diagnosis, intra-arterial thrombolysis, angioplasty and endovascular embolization in cerebrovascular diseases, and also evaluates their clinical applications.

Objective To establish characteristic spectrum of ginsenosides in Panax quinquefolium from Liuba. Methods Using C_(18) solid phase-extraction cartridges, main ginsenosides from 40% ethanol extracts of P. quinquefolium were purified. Then the samples were analyzed by HPLC-EMS. Results(From the) total ion spectrum of P. quinquefolium, 3 stronger peaks were selected. Based on them, characteristic corresponding spectrum of ginsenosides in P. quinquefolium from Liuba was established. Conclusion This method has reliable reproducibility and precision. Its simple pretreatment, easily operation, and rapidly analytic procedure show that this method is suitable for identifying P. quinquefolium.

AIM: To apply the solid phase extraction (SPE) on salvianolic acids in Radix Salvia Miltiorrhizae by means of high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectroscopic detector (HPLC MSn). METHODS: A C 18 solid phase column and negative ion electrospray ionization (ESI) mode were used by orthogonal design to optimize four factors which might affect recoveries of samples, which included vacuum tightness, sample size, amount of eluting agent and eluting power. RESULTS: The optimized results were as follows: vacuum tightness was 0.002?106 Pa, sample size was 0.75 mL, amount of eluting agent was 15mL and eluting power was 1.0mL?s -1 . CONCLUSION: The established method is simple, reliable and suitable for the usual quality control method of salviamolic acids in Radix Salvia Miltiorrhizae.

Objective To report the surgical approach for the treatment of giant or extensive skin lesions due to the infection of human papilloma virus (HPV). Method Surgical treatment was performed for 10 patients with verruca vulgris, 20 with condyloma acuminatum, and 8 with epidermodyplasia verruciformis, whose giant or extensive lesions were poorly responsive to routine non-surgical therapy. Results Recurrence of lesions was found in 2 of 10 patients with verruca vulgris and 5 of 20 condyloma acuminatum in 6 months after operation, with a total recurrent rate of 25%. The extensive skin lesions were removed and the functions of affected limbs were recovered in patients with epidermodyplasia verruciformis after operation, however, the long-term topical retinoids was needed to control the recurrence of the lesions. Conclusion Surgical approach is effective for the treatment of the giant or extensive skin lesions due to HPV infection.

Objective To investigate the ex tr action technique for seperating the active components in the root of Salvia mi ltiorrhizae bunge by supercritical fluid, and to analyze the extracted product s by HPLC-MS n . Methods The extraction condition s were established as follows: 950ml?L -1ethanol as the first entrainer, t he pressure of 20.0 MPa, temperature at 45 ℃, and extracting time 1 h; then 100 mL?L -1 ethanol was selected as the second entrainer, pressur e was 30.0 MPa, temperature was 65 ℃, and extracting time was 3 h. Results Compared with traditional refluxing extraction and ultrasonic extraction, supercritical fluid extraction was better and more effect ive. Conclusion Supercritical extraction is simple, highly selec tive and efficient in extracting the active components in Salvia miltiorrhizae bunge.

Objective:To study the reliability and feasibility of intranasal(IN)pathway bypassing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and observe the potential neuroprotective effects of intranasal NGF on acute cerebral ischemia. Methods:A blinded, vehicle-controlled study of IN NGF and IV NGF administration was performed by intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. Experiment 1: Rats were randomly divided into IN NGF, IV NGF and untreated group (n=4). The concentration of NGF in different brain regions was measured by ELISA. Experiment 2: Rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups: IN vehicle, IN NGF, IV vehicle, IV NGF (n=8 each). Treatments was initiated 30 min after the onset of MCAO and then again 24 h later. Three neurologic behavioral tests were assessed at 24 h and 48h. Corrected infarct volumes were determined 48 h after the onset of MCAO. Results:Olfactory bulb in IN NGF group obtained the highest concentration among all tissues, arriving at 3 252 pg/g, followed by hippocampus. The NGF concentrations of olfactory bulb and hippocampus in IN NGF group were significantly higher than that in IV NGF and control group. The infarct volume in IN NGF group was reduced significantly by 38.8% as compared with IN vehicle. The vestibulomotor function of IN NGF improved significantly at 24 and 48 h (P=0.02 and P=0.04, respectively). Conclusion:Intranasal NGF could bypass BBB, reach the CNS, reduce infarct volume and improve neurological function in rats following MCAO. Intranasal delivery of NGF holds a promising treatment for stroke and other CNS disorders.

AIM: To establish a method using HPLC with column switching for determination of Danshensu in human blood serums. RESULTS: A linearity range of 0.0248～0.3720?g was obtained. The recovery was 99.2%. CONCLUSION: The method is simple, sensitive and suitable for pharmacoknetics studies and clinical detection of Compound Danshen Dripping Pills