Objective To observe the dynamic changes and the effects of Captopril on interstitial fibrosis in lung tissue of neonatal rats with lung fibrosis induced by hyperoxia. Methods Two hundred and forty neonatal Wistar rats were randomly assigned into model group, air control group, normal saline control and Captopril-trcated group (n=60 each).The air control group was exposed to room air (FiO2 = 0.21), and the rest three groups were continuously exposed to hyperoxia (FiO2 = 0.9) for 21 days. During the exposure, the Captopril-treated group received Captopril [ 30 mg/( kg·d) ] by intragastric administration, and the normal saline control group was administrated with normal saline instead, the model group did not receive any treatment. On the 1 st, 3 rd, 7 th, 14 th and 21 st day of exposure, the subjects were sacrificed. And then, the protein levels of collagen Ⅲ (Co-Ⅲ ) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ )by radio-immunity technique, and the mRNA expression of Ang Ⅱ, Co- Ⅲ was measured by RT-polymerase chain reaction. The changes of lung histomorphology were observed. Results On the 14 th day, The Ang Ⅱ, Co- Ⅲ protein levels and their mRNA expression of modal group and normal saline control group increased significantly as compared to the air control group ( P < 0.05 ), except the Ang Ⅱ mRNA expression of normal saline control group. The Ang Ⅱ and Co-Ⅲ protein levels of model group was (838.22 ± 197.75 ) and ( 104.21 ± 43.37) ng/mg respectively, and normal saline control group was ( 759.97 ± 60.81 ) and ( 128.69 ± 54.74) ng/mg respectively on the 21 st day, their mRNA expression of two groups also increased to the peak on the 21 st day(P< 0.05).The AnglI and Co- Ⅲ protein levels of Captopril-treated group was (554.52 ± 59.32) and (39.90 ± 13.45) ng/mg on the 21 st day respectively, their mRNA expression was (1.50 ± 0.84 ) and (1.13 ± 0.55) respectively, and decreased significantly as compared to the model group and normal saline control group respectively (P<0.05), but increased significantly as campared to the air control group (P < 0.05). The histopathological examination demonstrated different degrees of alveolitis, broaden interstitium and reduced alveolar quantity in the model group and normal saline control group compared with air control group. The pathological changes were markedly alleviated in the Captopril-treated group. Conclusion Captopril may have protective effects on lung injury induced by hyperoxia.

Objective To explore the features of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) manifested as crescentshaped high density changes on brain CT.Methods The clinical data of 32 eases of tSAH similar to acute subdural hematoma ASDH were retrospectively analyzed.Results 2 cases of 3 receiving operation procedure were cured and 1 was slightly disabled.28 cases of 29 receiving non-operation treatment were cured and l was slightly disabled. Conclusion Because sometimes tSAH is featured as crescent-shaped high density image on brain CT,which will have a better effect through non.operation,so it is easily misdiagnosed as ASDH.

Objective　To evaluate the clinical value of detection of urinary interleukin-8（IL-8） in patients with lupus nephritis （LN）.Methods　Urinary levels of IL-8 were determined by using sandwich ELISA in 38 LN patients.Results　In the LN patients during the　stage　of　normal renal function and diminished renal reserve stage， urinary levels of IL-8 were significantly higher than those in healthy controls（P＜0.001），and urinary levels of IL-8 in the patients during diminished renal reserve stage were significantly higher than those in the patients during normal renal function stage（P＜0.01）.High IL-8 levels in LN patients were associated with high levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and lower levels of C3 complement components. Urinary levels of IL-8 in LN patients with microscopic leukocyturia were significantly higher than those without microscopic leukocyturia. In LN patients treated with cyclophosphamide （CTX） and prednisone， urinary IL-8 levels of post-treatment were significantly lower than those of pre-treatment（P＜0.01）. Conclusions 　Urinary levels of IL-8 may be a useful indicator for monitoring disease activity and degree of renal damage in LN. The mechanism of noninfective leukocyturia may be associated with the elevation of urinary IL-8 levels in LN. CTX and prednisone may have a significant effect on inhibiting the production of IL-8 in the immunocytes and renal intrinsic cells.

Objective To investigate the dynamic expression of mRNA and protein of surfactant protein C (SPC),E-cadherin (E-cad),N-cadherin (N-cad) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and elucidate the significance of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in a newborn rat model of Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).Methods A newborn rat model of BPD in hyperoxia was established,and a control group exposed to air was established.Lung tissue was collected on days 3,7,14,and 21,respectively.Alveolar development was evaluated by radical alveolar counts(RAC),including thickness of alveolar septum,ratio of alveolar and septa.Real-time PCR and Western-blot were used to detect levels of markers of epithelial cells (SPC,E-cad) and interstitial cells (N-cad,α-SMA) in AT2 and protein expression.Results On day 7,14,and 21,compared with the control group,RAC (7.38 ± 0.92,9.25 ± 0.70,9.88 ± 0.99) and alveolar area/pulmonary septal area ratios (A/S) (2.53 ± 0.02,3.34 ± 0.09,3.96 ± 0.13) were all higher in BPD group [RAC (5.88 ± 0.83,5.14 ± 0.83,4.38 ± 0.52) and A/S (1.88 ± 0.03,1.95 ± 0.03,1.89 ± 0.02)] (all P ＜ 0.05) ; the alveolar septum (8.53 ± 0.04,10.75 ± 0.46,13.55 ± 0.84) in BPD group were thicker than those (5.77 ± 0.09,4.40 ± 0.12,3.67 ± 0.18) in the control group (all P ＜ 0.01).The expressions of SPC and α-SMA in BPD group were significantly higher than those in the control group on day 14 and 21 (all P ＜ 0.05).The level of E-cad mRNA (2.43 ± 0.60,2.59 ± 0.48,3.37 ± 0.53) and protein (18.39 ± 1.77,18.29 ± 1.52,11.48 ± 1.72) for E-cad were higher in the control group than those (mRNA:1.48 ± 0.55,1.57 ± 0.48,1.12 ± 0.45 ;protein:9.50 ± 1.38,8.57 ± 1.06,8.22 ± 1.31) in BPD group was lower(P ＜ 0.05),while the level of N-cad was significantly higher(P ＜ 0.05) on day 7,14,and 21.Conclusions In the development of BPD,the markers of lung epithelial cells were down regulation,while the markers of interstitial cells were up-regulation,and these findings suggest that EMT from lung epithelial cells contributes to the occurrence of BPD.

Objective To investigate the expression of occludin in the intestinal epithelial cells of neonatal rats with necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC) . The influence of vitamin D on NEC and the expression of occludin was also explored. Methods Sixty neonatal Wistar rats from different litters were divided into four groups 48 hours after birth:10 in the breast-fed+ control group,10 in the breast-fed +vitamin D group,20 in the NEC+ control group and 20 in the NEC+ vitamin D group. In groups with NEC,neonatal rats were sep-arated from their mothers and treated with rat milk substitute+hypoxia+hypothermia. In groups with vitamin D treatment,paricalcitol was given through intraperitoneal injection 30 minutes before,one day and two days after the induction of NEC. The tissue was harvested from the ileum of the rats 72 hours after induction of NEC. Microscopically,the tissue was assessed according to the Nadler scoring system. The expression and location of occludin was observed after immunofluorescence staining. Western blotting was performed and quantified to compare the expression of occludin among groups. Results In NEC rats,the intestinal structure was destructed. Separation of the submucosal or muscular layer,discharge or disappearance of the villa was accompanied by necrosis of the intestinal cells. Vitamin D treatment could significantly alleviate those chan-ges,with the Nadler score 1. 70 ± 0. 21 compared to 2. 90 ± 0. 23 without vitamin D treatment ( P<0. 01 ) . The expression of occludin was decreased in NEC rats and vitamin D could partly rescue this decrease (P<0. 01). The distribution of occludin was sparse and discontinuous in NEC rats while after vitamin D treatment,the distribution was maintained even and continuous. Conclusion The expression of occludin in intestinal epithelial cells is significantly reduced in NEC rat. Vitamin D treatment may inhibit the development of NEC by maintaining the expression of occludin.

Objective To investigate the dynamic expression from gene and protein levels of hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α) during the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) in neonatal rats.Methods A neonatal rat model of HPH was established,normal neonatal rats were enrolled as the control group.At the 3th 、7th、10th and 14th days,we measured the mRVSP through catheterization of right ventricule,collected hearts to figure out the right ventricular hypertrophy index(RVHI),evaluated vascular remodeling by the percentage of medial thickness to outer diameter of the small pulmonary arteries (MT％) and the percentage of medial cross section on area to the total cross section area of the pulmonary small arteries (MA％),observed the expression of HIF-1α by immunochemistry,and measured the expression of HIF-1α in mRNA and protein by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively.Results The mRVSP increased at the 3th day,and sustained until the 14th day (P ＜ 0.01).RVHI MT％ and MA％ increased at the 7th day,and sustained until the 14th day (P ＜0.01).HIF-1α mainly expressed in endothelium and smooth muscle cells in the CHPH group and the HIF-1αmRNA increased significantly on the 3th and 7th days (P ＜ 0.05),and the HIF-1α protein increased significantly on the 7th、10th and 14th days in the CHPH group compared with the control group(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The mRVSP increased at the early stage after hypoxic exposure in neonatal rats,followed by vascular remodeling and right ventricular hypertrophy.Both mRNA and protein levels of HIF-1α sustained higher than control group during the vascular remodeling stage,indicating that HIF-1α might be a important factor contributing to the vascular remodeling.

Objective:To investigate role of interleukin 6(IL 6) in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis(LN) and effect of cyclophosphamide pulse therapy on production of IL 6.Methods:Serum IL 6 levels of pre and post therapy were determined by using sandwich ELISA in LN patients.Results:In the active LN patients,serum levels of IL 6 were significantly higher than those in inactive LN patients and healthy controls(268.26?79 64 ng/L vs 62.40?45 23 ng/L,268 26?79 64 ng/L vs 50.36?42 75 ng/L,P16 g/L were significantly higher than those in other active LN patients (329.58?94.21 ng/L vs 233.22?43.56 ng/L,P

Objective To evaluate MR findings and clinical features in patients with spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH). Methods Eight patients (5 men, 3 women; aged 16-50 years ) with SSEH underwent MR imaging during 1994-2001, including 7 cases without history of trauma or coagulation disorders and 1 case with history of hypertension. MR imaging was performed from 4 hours to 3 days after the onset of symptoms in all 8 patients with surgical and pathologic diagnosis. Results The hematomas were in lateral posterior or posterior epidural space, including 3 cases in cervical vertebra, 2 cases in thoracic vertebra, 2 cases in cervical and thoracic junction region, and 1 case in thoracic and lumbar part. The MRI confirmed an encapsulated hematoma caused by arteriovenous malformation in 1 case and two hematomas associated with disc herniation. The signal intensity of the hematoma varied with the hematoma age, but T 1-weighted images reflected its typical signal changes. Sagittal and coronal T 1- weighted images revealed isointense (7 cases) and slight high-intense (1 case) signal; Sagittal and axial T 2-weighted images revealed mixed-intensity (6 cases) and mixed high-intensity (2 cases). Conclusion MR imaging has an important value on localization, identification, and differential diagnosis of the lesion, therefore, it is the most helpful diagnostic tool for this condition.

A method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 17 characteristic ingredients of plant extracts, including paeoniflorin, hydroxysafflor yellow A, calycosin_7_glucoside ferulic acid, etc. , in hair growth cosmetics using ultra high performance liquid chromatography ( UPLC ) . Different cosmetic samples were extracted by ultrasonic_assisted extraction with the solvent of methanol/water (4∶1, V/V) solution. After demulsified by the addition of appropriate amount of NaCl and high speed centrifugation, the supernatant was transferred and analyzed with UPLC. The separation was conducted on a Waters reversed phase column of ACQUITY UPLC CSH C18(50 mm×2. 1 mm, 1. 7μm), and the mobile phases were methanol and the solution of 0. 05% phosphate in water. The detection was performed with a photodiode_array ( PDA) detector. The linear range was 0 . 2-25 mg/L with correlation coefficients higher than 0 . 999 . The limits of detection were within 0. 3-1. 5 mg/kg, and the limits of quantification were from 1. 0 to 4. 0 mg/kg. The average recoveries of 17 characteristic ingredients were within 93 . 5%-105 . 0%, with the intra_and inter_day precision ( n=6 ) less than 4. 6%. This method was simple, rapid, with good_repeatability, and had been applied to the analysis of real samples.

BACKGROUND:Different weaving methods of autologous tendon lead to various treatment efficacies on cruciate ligament rupture, but the preferred method is stil controversial.
OBJECTIVE:To comparatively analyze the clinical efficacy of single-bundle and double-bundle autografts on anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
METHODS:A retrospective analysis of 48 cases of anterior cruciate ligament rupture was performed. According to the composition of graft beam, these 48 patients were divided into two groups:double-bundle group (n=24) and single-bundle group (n=24). Al surgical patients underwent autologous anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by arthroscopy, and were fol owed up for at least 6 months. The function of knee joint after operation was comprehensively analyzed through IKDC and Lysholm scores.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al of the patients (n=48) exhibited no joint complications postoperatively, such as intra-articular infection, joint effusion and incision inflammation. The IKDC scores and Lysholm scores in the double-bundle group were better than those in the single-bundle group, but there was no statistical y significant difference (P>0.05). This study demonstrated that single-bundle and double-bundle autografts both have good curative effects on anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by arthroscopy. But in contrast, the curative effects of double-bundle autografts are better.