We evaluated clinical application effect of gene chip for detection of rifampin (RFP) and isoniazid (INH) resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB).Rifampin and isoniazid drug-resistance gene loci were detected by gene chip with sputum specimens from smear-positive tuberculosis patients and clinical strains,comparing the results of detection.BACTEC MGIT 960 drug susceptibility test results were used as control to evaluate the detection performance of gene chip.The sequences of the polymerase chain reaction products of the rpoB,katG and inhA genes from 999 strains identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis were determined to confirm the mutations by DNA sequencing.Results showed that 100 cases were identified as nontuberculous mycobacteria by gene chip in the 1 108 cases of smear-positive samples.Among the rest 1 008 samples,there were only 9 cases of microarray results different from BACTEC MGIT960 culture-positive strains,achieving the coincidences of 99.1％.Compared with BACTEC MGIT 960 drug susceptibility test results,the gene chip method displayed a concordance of 98.1 ％ and 94.5 ％ for RFP and INH respectively in the 999 strains.Compared with the DNA sequencing method,the accuracy of gene chip method was 99.6％ for rifampin resistance and 99.8％ for isoniazid resistance.It's concluded that the gene chip technology can quickly and accurately detect rifampin and isoniazid resistance in MTB and can be used directly for the detection of sputum samples.

Surgical shunt is still an effective method in managing portal hypertension related gastrointestinal bleeding.To minimize the invasive trauma and adverse effect on transplantation remains to be the unsolved problem.Herein we present the use of a newly designed surgical shunt to cure massive refractory gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage in a patient,who was critically ill because of the extensive thrombus in portal venous system.The procedure is named gastrojugular shunt.For the sake of its simple operation and effective outcome,the procedure was performed on four other patients.All the patients were well treated and recovered uneventfully with good follow up results.

Objective To investigate the value of MSCTA in diagnosing the origin of abdominal ectopic ovarian tumor. Methods Twenty-eight patients with 30 ectopic ovarian tumors that mainly manifested as abdominal lumps were evaluated with MSCTA retrospectively. Vascular three-dimensional reconstruction by VR based on add vessel (AV) and MIP was performed for all these patients after MSCT scanning.The origin of these tumors was judged by the feeding artery and ovarian vascular pedicle (OVP) sign.The result was compared with surgical findings.Results The maximum diameter of the 30 ectopic ovarian tumors ranged from 5.2 to 19.5 cm with an average of 9.3 cm.Of the 30 ectopic ovarian tumors, the ramus ovaricus arteriae uterinae (ROAU) and ovarian artery (OA) were demonstrated in 96.7% (29/30) and 56.7% (17/30) respectively.The feeding artery of the tumor was ROAU (29 cases) or OA (1 case), and OA participated in feeding the tumor in 16 cases.The accuracy rate of diagnosis of ectopic ovarian tumors according to the feeding artery was 100% (30/30).According to OVP the accuracy rate was 85.2% (23/27) with an incidence of 76.7% (23/30).Conclusion By showing ROAU and OA as the feeding artery and ovarian vein (OV) as the draining vein, MSCTA can accurately diagnose ectopic ovary tumors in the abdomen.

Objective To investigate the correlation between muscle strength level and bone mineral density and bone metabolism indexes in postmenopausal women in Beijing.Methods Postmenopausal women who were investi-gated by on-site questionnaires and followed by bone mineral density examination in Beijing from September 2017 to May 2018 were recruited as study subjects.They were divided into early menopausal group,middle menopausal group,late menopausal group,and twilight menopausal group according to the years of menopause.Changes in grip strength,5 times sit-to-stand test(FTSST)with bone mineral density(BMD)and bone metabolism indexes were observed in the four groups and their correlations were analyzed.Results A total of 815 cases of postmenopausal women were included.At different menopausal stages,muscle strength was all found to decrease with the increase of menopausal years(P＜0.05),there was non-significance of different bone metabolism indexes among the four groups(P＞0.05);Femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD decreased with the increase of menopausal years(P＜0.05).Maximum grip strength was positively correlated with both femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD(R=0.158,P＜0.05;R=0.130,P＜0.05).There was no correlation between muscle strength and bone metabo-lism indexes(P＜0.05).Conclusions Different bone metabolism indexes are not associated with muscle strength in menopausal women.Maximum grip strength is positively correlated with bone mineral density,which can be used as an auxiliary screening tool for osteoporosis(OP)in women.The FTSST suggests that the lower limb muscle strength of menopausal women decreases with age,which can be used as one of the indicators for predicting the risk of falls in menopausal women.

BACKGROUND:Studies have demonstrated that postmenopausal osteoporosis is related to female reproductive characteristics and exercise diets,but few studies have demonstrated whether female reproductive characteristics and exercise diets have an effect on vitamin D in postmenopausal women. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship of vitamin D levels with female reproductive characteristics and exercise diets and their influencing factors in postmenopausal women in Beijing. METHODS:Totally 727 postmenopausal women with an age range of 46-75 years old who received on-site questionnaires in 17 communities of Beijing from September 2017 to May 2018 were selected as the study subjects,and the questionnaires included the subjects'basic information and history of menstruation,menopause,pregnancy,and exercise diet.An electrochemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer and its auxiliary reagents were used to determine 25-(OH)D levels.Bone mineral density and T values of the lumbar spine(L1-L4,whole)and both hips(femoral neck,whole)were determined using a dual-energy X-ray bone mineral density detector.The correlation of vitamin D with reproductive characteristics and exercise diet was observed,as well as the influencing factors of vitamin D were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were 136 cases(18.7%)in the vitamin D normal group,389 cases(53.5%)in the vitamin D insufficient group,and 202 cases(27.8%)in the vitamin D deficient group.The mean vitamin D level was(15.60±5.85)ng/mL.With the increase of vitamin D level,the bone mineral density value and T value of different parts of the body also increased.Vitamin D level was positively correlated with age at menarche,days of menstrual duration,stage of menopause,activity,diet type,and dietary preference(P<0.05);was negatively correlated with menstrual cycle,age at menopause,and number of childbearing(P<0.05);and had no correlation with age at first conception and number of pregnancies(P>0.05).The results of multifactorial ordered Logistic regression analyses showed that there was a positive correlation between the frequency of drinking dairy products and vitamin D level(P<0.05),and dairy products were a protective factor for vitamin D level.To conclude,vitamin D levels are generally insufficient and bone mineral density values are generally low in postmenopausal women in Beijing.Vitamin D levels are correlated with some reproductive characteristics and exercise diets,and drinking dairy products is a protective factor.Therefore,it is possible to intervene in the dietary situation of postmenopausal women by means of health education about osteoporosis and by increasing vitamin D levels in order to increase bone density values and reduce the prevalence of osteoporosis in the postmenopausal period.