AIM: To explore the pathogenic mechanism of high altitude pulmonary edema(HAPE). METHODS: Haemodynamic changes and effects of 100 percent oxygen breathing were measured by Swan-Ganz thermistor catheters, high altitude healthy volunteers were served as controls. RESULTS: The important features of haemodynamic changes in HAPE: (1)Pulmonary arterial pressure was raised; (2)Pulmonary arterial resistance and cardiac output were raised; (3)Pulmonary artery wedge pressures and right atrial pressure were normal; (4)Pulmonary arterial pressure and resistance were induced by oxygen breathing. CONCLUSIONS: The normal pulmonary artery wedge pressures with a high cardiac output indicated that HAPE was recognized as a form of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. The pulmonary hypertension may play an important role in the development of HAPE.

Objective To explore the effect of high viscosity combined with compactiontechnique on the treatment of patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) by percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP).Medthods The clinical data of 80 patients with OVCF were retrospectively analyzed.Among them,40 patients with OVCF by PKP were treated with high viscosity and compaction technique,and 40 patients with OVCF were treated with traditional PKP.Operation time,the amount of bone cement perfusion,the incidence of bone cement leakage,the incidence of vertebral refracture,the height of vertebral body recovery after operation,the loss of vertebral height after 12 months,vertebral wedge angle before and after operation,VAS pain score,ODI score were compared between two groups.Results There was no significant difference in the height of fracture vertebral body between two groups (P ＞ 0.05),but there were significant differences in postoperative vertebral height increase,the loss of vertebral height after 12 months between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in pain relief and functional improvement effect between two groups (P ＞ 0.05),but there were significant differences in bone cement leakage rate and amount of bone cement injection between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).There was significant difference in recovery of postoperative vertebral wedge angle between two groups (P ＜ 0.05),but there were no significant differences in adjacent vertebral fractures,the VAS pain score and ODI spine score between two groups (P ＞0.05).Conclusion Application of high viscosity combined with compaction technique can relieve the painand improve the quality of life in patients with OVCF by PKP.

Objective To explore the effect of high viscosity combined with compactiontechnique on the treatment of patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) by percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP).Medthods The clinical data of 80 patients with OVCF were retrospectively analyzed.Among them,40 patients with OVCF by PKP were treated with high viscosity and compaction technique,and 40 patients with OVCF were treated with traditional PKP.Operation time,the amount of bone cement perfusion,the incidence of bone cement leakage,the incidence of vertebral refracture,the height of vertebral body recovery after operation,the loss of vertebral height after 12 months,vertebral wedge angle before and after operation,VAS pain score,ODI score were compared between two groups.Results There was no significant difference in the height of fracture vertebral body between two groups (P ＞ 0.05),but there were significant differences in postoperative vertebral height increase,the loss of vertebral height after 12 months between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in pain relief and functional improvement effect between two groups (P ＞ 0.05),but there were significant differences in bone cement leakage rate and amount of bone cement injection between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).There was significant difference in recovery of postoperative vertebral wedge angle between two groups (P ＜ 0.05),but there were no significant differences in adjacent vertebral fractures,the VAS pain score and ODI spine score between two groups (P ＞0.05).Conclusion Application of high viscosity combined with compaction technique can relieve the painand improve the quality of life in patients with OVCF by PKP.