[Objective]To summarize the academic experience of the first"National Medical Master"Professor HE Ren in the treatment of esophageal cancer choking.[Methods]By studying Professor HE Ren's academic works,distilling his academic experience in treating esophageal cancer with dysphagia,and conducting a frequency analysis of the prescriptions of 221 initial esophageal cancer patients to summarize the dosage regimen and frequently used drug pairs of Professor HE's treatment for esophageal cancer with dysphagia,with case histories provided for verification.[Results]The top herbs used in single prescriptions were milkvetch root,tangshen and spreading hedyotis herb,etc.The most frequently used herb pairs were tangshen+milkvetch root and root of valvate actinidia+spreading hedyotis herb,etc.Professor HE Ren treated patients according to three types of diagnosis:syndrome of intermingled phlegm and Qi,phlegm-stasis blocking and deficiency of both Qi and Yin,and gave the basic prescriptions of light-raising and diaphragm-inducing,pungent-perfuming and subduing and pungent-smoothing and nourishing,respectively.The common basic prescription herbs of syndrome of intermingled phlegm and Qi were ginger processed pinellia,radix bupleuri,cremastrae pseudobulbus,acquilaria leaven,combined spicebush root and nutgrass galingale rhizome.The common basic prescription herbs of phlegm-stasis blocking were cremastrae pseudobulbus,magnoliae officmalis cortex,ginger processed pinellia,sparganii rhizoma,curcumae rhizoma and Danshen root.The common basic prescription herbs of deficiency of both Qi and Yin were tangshen,milkvetch root,polyporus,Indian buead,lycii fructus and glossy privet fruit.The attached test case was the pain of choking diaphragm,phlegm and blood stasis,with the treatment of incense and blood collaterals,and it achieved a better effect.[Conclusion]The discussion of the three diseases of choking and diaphragm enriched HE Ren's diagnosis and treatment of choking and diaphragm in esophageal cancer,and the proposed treatments of light promotion and diaphragm benefitting,pungent aroma and descending,and pungent slippery moistening and nourishing provided useful references for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with various stages of esophageal cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of salvianolate on rats with postoperative intestinal adhesion and to explore the prevention mechanism. METHODS: Forty SD male rats with intestinal adhesion were randomly divided into four groups: untreated group, low-dose salvianolate-treated group (12 mg/kg), medium-dose salvianolate-treated group (24 mg/kg) and high-dose salvianolate-treated group (48 mg/kg), with another ten SD male rats as normal control. Intraperitoneal injection of glucose was administered to the rats in the normal control group and the untreated group, and intraperitoneal injection of salvianolate was administered to the rats in the low-, medium- and high-dose salvianolate-treated groups. They were all treated for 8 days and once a day. On the eighth day after surgery the blood samples of each group were collected. Grades of intestinal adhesion were ranked by macroscopic observation. The adhesive tissues between viscera and belly wall were taken for pathological observation. The levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Salvianolate can significantly reduce the extent of postoperative intestinal adhesion, obviously decrease the levels of IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and inhibit the hyperplasy of fibrous connective tissue. However, there was no significant impact on the level of IL-4. CONCLUSION: Salvianolate can reduce the extent of postoperative intestinal adhesion, decrease the expression of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha and inhibit the hyperplasy of fibrous connective tissue. This may be the mechanism of salvianolate in preventing intestinal adhesion.

Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic regulated cell death caused by iron accumulation and subsequent lipid peroxidation. Currently, the therapeutic role of ferroptosis on cancer is gaining increasing interest. Baicalin an active component in