OBJECTIVE:To compare the contents of hesperidin in raw Fructus Aurantii Immaturus and its processed products.METHODS:HPLC was used for the quantitative analysis of raw Fructus Aurantii Immaturus and its processed products.RESULTS:The content of hesperidin in vinegar-fried Fructus Aurantii Immaturus was the highest and that in the bran-fried Fructus Aurantii Immaturus was the lowest.CONCLUSION:It is suggested that there exist significant differences in intrinsic quality among various processed products of Fructus Aurantii Immaturus.

OBJECTIVE:To study the stability of Yinzhihuang injection(YZH) mixed with 5% glucose solution,10% glucose solution,glucose in normal saline,normal saline and Ringer's solution.METHODS:After YZH mixed with infusion fluid under room temperature,the contents of baicalin were determined with UV-spectrophotometry at different time periods within 24h,the apperance was observed,the pH values of baicalin were detected and identified by TLC.RESULTS:Under room temperature,after YZH mixed with Ringer's solution,the pH value of baicalin was markedly changed and a lot of white particles appeared;after YZH mixed with GNS,no changes of pH value and content of baicalin were found within 24h.When YZH mixed with other 3 kinds of infusion fluid,there were no changes in pH value and content of baicalin within 2h,however,in mixing with NS,the number of insoluble particles produced was beyond the standard.CONCLUSION:YZH should not be mixed with NS or Ringer's solution but it is compatible with 5%GS,10%GS and GNS,however,it should be mixed with them just before use and used up within 2h.

OBJECTIVE:To set up the quality standard for Xiaoyan San METHODS:Rheum officinale,Flos Lonicerae and Capejasmine were identified by TLC method The contents of emodin and chrysophanol in Xiaoyan San were determined by HPLC RESULTS:The linear range and average recovery of emodin was 21 12～105 6ng/ml(r=0 9 998,n=5) and 98 78%;The linear range and average recovery of chrysophanol were 29 28～146 4ng/ml(r=0 9 998,n=5) and 99 45% respectively CONCLUSION:The method is convenient,accurate and practicable It can be used for quality control in production of Xiaoyan San

Objective To evaluate functional activity of the subcortical nuclei in Wilson's disease (WD) using resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI),and to evaluate damage to the functional conjunction in the extracorticospinal tract in WD patients.Methods Twenty-two patients with WD (between January 2015 and January 2016),including 18 with cerebral type and 4 with hepatic type,and 20 age-matched healthy controls were enrolled.Neurological symptoms were scored using the modified Young Scale.Patients with cerebral type WD were divided into 4 subgroups.All study subjects underwent rs-fMRI of the brain.The values of amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (REHO) in the thalamus,caudate nucleus,putamen and globus pallidus were determined.The relationships between rsfMRI metrics and clinical status were evaluated.Results ALFF values were lower in the caudate nucleus,putamen and right thalamus of WD patients than in controls (t =-3.07,-3.00,-3.12,-2.46,-2.20;P =0.005,0.006,0.004,0.020,0.036),while REHO values were lower in the left caudate nucleus and left thalamus of WD patients (t =-2.38,-2.16;P =0.025,0.040).In the caudate nucleus (P =0.032,0.029,0.023),thalamus (P =0.022,0.041,0.035) ALFF values were lower in group 4 than in other groups.REHO values of the putamen (P =0.040,0.017,0.040) and thalamus (P =0.024,0.029 7,0.041) were higher in group 4 than in other groups.ALFF values in the caudate nucleus (t =-0.29,P=0.037),and thalamus (t =-1.77,P =0.042) were lower,and REHO values in the caudate nncleus (t =-1.46,P =0.040) were lower,in patients of cerebral type than in hepatic type patients.Conclusions The damage to the functional activity of the subcortical nuclei may occur in the WD patients.The functional activity of nuclei may be different between hepatic and cerebral type patients.Damage to the activity of neurons in the putamen and thalamus may correlate with psychiatric symptoms in WD patients.

Objective To investigate the value of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) in quantitative evaluation of the microstructural changes in basal ganglia and thalamus in Wilson's disease (WD) patients,and to assess the diagnostic efficacy of NODDI.Methods Totally 27 WD patients (WD group) and 26 age-and sex-matched controls (control group) were enrolled.All subjects underwent MR scanning with NODDI.Parameters of NODDI,including intracellular volume fraction (Vic),orientation dispersion index (ODI) and isotropic volume fraction (Viso) of bilateral caudate nucleus,globus pallidus,putamen and thalamus were compared between the 2 groups.Correlation analysis was performed between each parameter of NODDI and clinical Young scores.Random Forest model was used to assess the relative importance of each parameter and to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy.Results The Vic and ODI of bilateral caudate nucleus,globus pallidus and putamen in WD patients were significantly lower than those in normal controls (all P＜0.05),while Viso was significantly higher than that in normal controls (all P＜0.05).The Vic of bilateral thalamus was lower,while Viso was higher in WD patients than those in normal controls (all P＜0.05),and ODI had no significant difference between the 2 groups (P=0.055).In WD patients,Vic and ODI of bilateral caudate nucleus,globus pallidus and putamen were negatively correlated with clinical Young scores.Viso of globus pallidus and putamen were positively correlated with clinical scores.The prediction accuracy of NODDI was 96.23％,and the area under ROC curve was 0.96.Conclusion NODDI can effectively evaluate changes in microstructures and metabolism during copper deposition in WD patients,and it may be useful in detecting changes of brain deep nuclei and assessing the progression of WD.

During the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019, due to the need to collect a large number of nucleic acid samples, the staff are under great pressure. For this reason, the medical staff of China-Japan Friendship Hospital developed a mobile positive pressure clean chamber and applied for a national utility model patent (application number: 202021173605.8). The equipment is composed of a cabin body, an operation hole equipped with rubber gloves, an interactive channel with two electric doors, an environmental control unitandanair-conditioner. When in use, the medical staff are located inside the cabin, and their hands are protruded by two operating holes to calculate and sample for the tested personnel. Then the samples are placed on the table outside the cabin waiting for inspection. The clean chamber can be used in hospitals, communities and other places, while achieving the goal of efficient sampling, and the risk of infection in the process is reduced by effectively blocking the contact between medical staff and the source of infection.

Background The rise of single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptome sequencing technologies has allowed for intensive study of lung diseases, but both have been poorly studied in silicosis. Objective To explore differentially expressed genes DEGs in silicosis macrophages by scRNA-seq combined with spatial transcriptome sequencing and analyze the potential diagnostic genes. Methods Male C57BL/6 mice (5-6 weeks old, 22-30 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal saline (NS) group for 7 d, NS group for 56 d, SiO₂ group for 7 d, and SiO₂ group for 56 d, with 1 mouse in each group. A silicosis model was constructed by tracheal drip injection of SiO₂ suspension (0.2 g·kg⁻¹, 50 g·cm⁻²), and the control mice were given the same volume of NS. The right lung was removed for scRNA-seq and the left lung for spatial transcriptome sequencing on day 7 and day 56, respectively. Cell populations were captured using principal component analysis techniques and dimensionality reduction of uniform manifold approximation and projection. The Find Markers function in R language was applied to analyze the DEGs changes of macrophages in two groups of lung tissues, and the corresponding DEGs were subjected to Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes signaling pathway analysis, while STRING and CytoHubba plug-ins of Cytoscape software were applied to protein-protein interaction network analysis to screen out key (Hub) genes. Spatial transcriptome sequencing was used to explore the original location of Hub genes on lung tissue sections and their mapping in lung macrophages. Finally, the correlation of Hub gene expression levels in lung tissues of silicosis patients and mouse silicosis models was verified, the diagnostic efficacy of Hub gene using subject operating characteristic curves (ROC). In vitro experiments by applying cell viability assay were conducted to verify the changes in viability of mouse macrophages (RAW264.7) under SiO₂ stimulation. Results The scRNA-seq revealed a total of 20 clusters captured and defined. The results of scRNA-seq and spatial transcriptome sequencing showed an increased number of macrophages in the lung tissue of the SiO₂ group compared to the NS group and clustered in the focal areas. Among the 97 macrophage DEGs screened out, 75 were up-regulated genes, and mainly enriched in chemotaxis and migration of neutrophils, chemokine receptor binding, tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway, and interleukin-17 signaling pathway; and 22 were down-regulated genes, and mainly enriched in late endosomes, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors signaling pathway, and alcoholic liver disease signaling pathway. A total of 2 core modules and 3 Hub genes were screened out, including Ccl2, Ccl7, and Ptgs2. The scRNA-seq showed that they were expressed at elevated levels in the SiO₂ group compared to the NS group and clustered in additional macrophages, and the spatial transcriptome sequencing showed that they clustered in inflammatory areas with nodular lesions. The CCL7 and PTGS2 expressions were increased in the lung tissue of SiO₂ patients compared with the healthy subjects, and the areas under the working curve of the subjects were 0.850 and 0.786, respectively. The viability of RAW264.7 cells was enhanced under SiO₂ stimulation at 3 h, 6 h, and 12 h compared to those without the stimulation (P<0.05). Conclusion Bioinformatics screening have identified 3 Hub genes (Ccl2, Ccl7, and Ptgs2)and 2 potential diagnostic genes (CCL7 and PTGS2) in the lung tissue of silicosis mice, which may be potential molecular markers of early-stage silicosis with implications for the development and prognosis of silicosis.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically assess the efficacy of traditional Chinese therapy in the treatment of ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-AW). METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP were retrieved by computer and were used to collect a randomized controlled trials (RCT) of traditional Chinese therapy for ICU-AW. The retrieval time was from databases establishment to December 2021. After 2 researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias included in the study, and RevMan 5.4 software was used for Meta-analysis. RESULTS: 334 articles were selected, totally 13 clinical studies and 982 patients were included, including 562 in the trial group and 420 in the control group. Meta-analysis results showed that traditional Chinese therapy could improve clinical efficacy of ICU-AW patients [relative risk (RR) = 1.35, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 1.20 to 1.52, P < 0.000 01], improve the muscle strength [Medical Research Council score (MRC score); standardized mean difference (SMD) = 1.00, 95%CI was 0.67 to 1.33, P < 0.000 01], improve daily life ability [modified Barthel index score (MBI score); SMD = 1.67, 95%CI was 1.20 to 2.14, P < 0.000 01], shorten mechanical ventilation time (SMD = -1.47, 95%CI was -1.84 to -1.09, P < 0.000 01), reduce the length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay [mean difference (MD) = -3.28, 95%CI was -3.89 to -2.68, P < 0.000 01], reduce the total hospitalization time (MD = -4.71, 95%CI was -5.90 to -3.53, P < 0.000 01), reduce tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α; MD = -4.55, 95%CI was -6.39 to -2.70, P < 0.000 01) and interleukin-6 (IL-6; MD = -5.07, 95%CI was -6.36 to -3.77, P < 0.000 01). There was no obvious advantage in reducing the severity of the disease [acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II; SMD = -0.45, 95%CI was -0.92 to 0.03, P = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS Based on the current research, traditional Chinese therapy can improve the clinical efficacy of ICU-AW, improve muscle strength and daily life ability, shorten mechanical ventilation, the length of ICU stay and total hospitalization time, reduce TNF-α and IL-6. But traditional Chinese therapy can not reduce the overall disease severity.
Humans ; APACHE ; East Asian People ; Intensive Care Units ; Interleukin-6 ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Muscle Weakness/therapy*

Objective:To investigate the effects of personalized intermittent energy restriction (IER) diet on sleep related gut microbiome in obese patients.Methods:In this single-arm clinical trial, a total of 35 obese patients who visited Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from April to November 2018 were recruited as research subjects. They underwent a strict 32-day IER diet intervention, divided into 4 stages of 8 days each. Nutritional recipes were formulated and nutritious meals were provided to each obese patient with timed meals, including 55% carbohydrates, 15% protein, and 30% fat per meal. In stages 1, 2, 3, and 4, patients were provided with 2/3, 1/2, 1/3, and 1/4 of their previous calorie intake every other day, respectively, with meals at 8:00 and 16:00. During the remaining time, patients were allowed unrestricted eating at home. Physiological indicators (weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, waist circumference, hip circumference, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, blood pressure, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores were observed before and after the intervention. Gut microbiota changes were analyzed using metagenomic sequencing technology, and Spearman′s correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between significantly different bacterial species and PSQI scores.Results:After the intervention, the body weight, body mass index, and PSQI scores of obese patients were all significantly lower than before intervention [(89.92±14.98) vs (97.53±15.67) kg, (31.94±3.95) vs (34.64±4.05) kg/m 2, (3.43±1.16) vs (5.42±2.27)], the abundance of gut microbiota was significantly higher after the intervention (all P<0.05). There were 45 significantly different bacterial species before and after the intervention, of which 6 bacterial species ( Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Odoribacter splanchnicus, Oribacterium sinus, Streptococcus gordonii, and Streptococcus parasanguinis) showed significantly positive correlations with PSQI scores ( r=0.476, 0.475, 0.369, 0.391, 0.401, 0.423) (all P<0.05), and they were mainly enriched in the glutamate and tryptophan synthesis pathways. Conclusions:The personalized IER diet intervention can improve the sleep of obese patients while reducing weight, possibly mediated by changes in gut microbiota through the glutamate and tryptophan pathways.

Objective : To clarify the impact of GATA2 overexpression on transcriptional expression in chicken preadipocytes． Methods : Chicken preadipocytes ICP1 were cultivated，pCMV-myc-GATA2 or pCMV-myc plasmid was transfected，Western blot was used to verify the overexpression of GATA2 in cells，RNA-seq was used to study the changes in cell transcriptome expression caused by overexpression of GATA2，ChIP-seq was used to study the binding of GATA2 in the genome，Real time PCR was used to verify some differentially expressed genes，ChIP-PCR was used to verify the collection of GATA2 to TAF3 genes. Results : Transfection of pCMV-myc-GATA2 allowed overexpression of GATA2 protein in ICP1 cells ; overexpression of GATA2 resulted in up-regulation of 942 genes and down-regulation of 840 genes in ICP1 cells (P ＜0. 05 ) ，and enrichment analysis showed that differentially ex- pressed genes were associated with ribosome and mitochondrial structure and function (P＜0. 01) ; GESA analysis showed that the expression of GATA2-overexpressing ICP1 cells showed up-regulation of RNA polymerase Ⅱ tran- scription initiation complex，ribosome biogenesis，propionate metabolism，and oxidative phosphorylation-related gene sets，and down-regulation of histone lysine N-methyltransferase，nuclear transcription repression complex formation， adipokines，and calcium ions signaling pathway-related gene sets．ChIP-seq in ICP1 cells identified 2833 GATA2- binding genomic peaks involving 2018 genes．motif analysis revealed GATA2-binding (T / A) GATA motifs ; enrich- ment analysis showed that these genes are involved in embryonic development，signaling，cellular metabolism，and cell-cell interactions．Differently expressed genes and GATA2-binding genes were taken to intersect to obtain 105 genes，and enrichment analysis showed that these genes were associated with transcription，post-transcriptional regu- lation，cell-cell interactions，signaling，and cell cycle (P ＜0. 001) ． Conclusion GATA2 can at least bind to the genome of chicken preadipocytes to regulate their transcriptome expression patterns.