Objective:To re-explore and confirm the construct of the Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Checklist (ASLEC),and evaluation the reliability of it among middle school students. Methods:Totally 10 566 ad-olescents,grade 7th to grade 12th,from 10 cities were recruited to complete ASLEC by using stratified randomized cluster-sampling method. The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D ),Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC)were selected as the criterion measurements which to examine the association between depression and anxiety with life events. Test-retest reliability were examined by 141 participants random se-lected after 4 weeks. Results:ASLEC including being punished,loss,relationship pressure,learning pressure and a-daption problem after explored factor analysis. The fit indices of confirmatory factor analysis were RMSEA=0. 10, CFI=0. 90,TLI=0. 88,WRMR=4. 96. The correlation coefficients of total scale with ASLEC and total score with CES-D and MASC were 0. 45 and 0. 43. The Cronbach'sαcoefficient of the total scale was 0. 92,the test-retest re-liability was 0. 73,the split-half reliability was 0. 85. The total score decreased apparently compared with the norm of Liu's study (in 1997). Compared to girls,there were significant higher score on punishment and adaption sub-scale,and significant lower score on relationship and learning pressure subscale among boys except the loss factor. Conclusion:A more reasonable new construct consists of 5 factors has been confirmed. The ASLEC has good validity and reliability. The score on total scale and subscales in this study can serve as norm references.

Based on the context of WHO International Standard Terminology on Traditional Medicine in the Western Pacific Region in October, 2007, this paper discusses the international standard of TCM terminology translation on Meridians and Collaterals and proposes some strategies on the cultural inheritance of TCM in its terminology translation.

Translation is a process not only concerning on the language transformation, but also concerning on the cultural communications. However, due to the diversity between cultures, translation loss is a stumbling block which has to be coped with, or a necessary process called translation compensation. This paper, employing the method of text analysis, attempts to compare two English versions ofHuangdi-Neijing by Veith and Li-Zhaoguo as study cases to discuss the translation compensation strategies from the perspective of Bassnett’s cultural translation theory, thus achieving the optimal translation effect.

Books ; Language ; Linguistics ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Translations

0.05).No partial side-effect of the medicine were discorvered in the observation process.Conclusion Long-term inspiration of low-dose GCS to treating the babies and infants with asthma has reliable security.

Abstract?AlM:To investigate effect and safety of the limbal stem cell transplantation combined with low concentrations of mitomycin C for pterygium patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).? METHODS: Eighty patients of 96 pterygium eyes admitted to hospital were divided into groups of high concentration, low concentration group and the control group, and 3 groups were given pterygium excision combined with limbal stem cell transplantation. The high concentration group, the low concentration groups were given prior to stem cell transplantation 0. 2, 0. 1mg/mL mitomycin C coverage. The cure rate and recurrence rate in three groups of patients, as well as visual acuity before and after treatment were compared.?RESULTS: Three groups patients' visual acuity were significantly improved after treatment (P<0. 05), there was no significant difference before treatment in visual acuity (P>0. 05);epithelial healing time of high concentration group was significantly higher than low concentration group and the control group (P<0. 05), there was no significant difference between low concentration and control groups of epithelial healing time (P>0. 05); cure rates of low concentration group was higher than high dose group, the recurrence rate in low concentration group was lower than the high dose group.? CONCLUSlON: Pterygium excision combined with limbal stem cell transplantation has significant efficacy for pterygium, and mitomycin C can effectively reduce the relapse rate, but for the patients with T2DM concentration of mitomycin C should be reduced.

AIM:To investigate the effect of suramin concentration changes on trabeculectomy in rabbit, and to provide treatment strategies for glaucoma on the basis of experiment.
METHODS:Thirty-two albino rabbits were randomly divided into four groups, including standard control group, experimental group Ⅰ, experimental group II, and experimental group Ⅲ. Each eye was performed standard trabeculectomy. During surgery, standard control group was given a piece of cotton with 0. 3mg/mL mitomycin C ( MMC ) for 2min, and the other three groups were given a piece of cotton with 0. 3, 0. 4, and 0.5mg/mL suramin respectively for 2min. The filtering blebs and intraocular pressure ( IOP ) were observed at the 3, 7, 15, and 30d after surgery. Some conjunctiral specimen were observed with hitochemicall ( HE staining) and immunohistochemicall methods.
RESULTS:At postoperative 7, 15, and 30d, the changes of the IOP, functional filtering blebs, and the number of positive cell nuclear in experimental group II and experimental group Ⅲ were significantly different compared with those in standard control group and experimental group Ⅰ (all P<0. 05), and the differences between experimental group Ⅰ and standard control group were not significant (P>0. 05). The changes of the IOP and the number of positive cell nuclear in experimental group Ⅲ were significantly different compared with those in experimental group II (P<0. 05), whereas the differences in functional filtering blebs between experimental group Ⅲ and experimental groupII were not significant (P>0. 05). The status of filtering channel in experimental groupII and experimental group
Ⅲ were better than those in experimental group Ⅰ and standard control group.
CONCLUSION: The concentration of suramin has a significantly influence on its effect. When the concentration is 0. 3mg/mL, the antiproliferative effect of suramin is no more than that of MMC. The effect of 0. 4, 0.5mg/mL suramin is better than MMC. 0. 5mg/mL suramin has a better effect on controlling IOP and suppressing the growth of fibroblasts than 0. 4mg/mL suramin.

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma subtyping.Methods 206 cases with renal tumors were confirmed by pathology and surgery from June 2012 to June 2014,including 113 male cases and 93 female cases.The mean age was 54 years (range 23-80 years).The subtype of renal tumor included clear cell carcinoma in 147 cases,papillary cell carcinoma in 32 cases,chromophobe cell carcinoma in 27 cases.All patients were received the CEUS before operation.The enhancement patterns,degree of enhancement,the appearance of necrosis and the time-intensity curve by contrast-enhanced ultrasound were analyzed.Results Enhancement patterns of CEUS were showed by fast in and fast out in 63.9％ (94/147)cases with clear cell carcinoma,59.4％ (19/32) cases with papillary cell carcinoma,51.9％ (14/27) cases with chromophobe cell carcinoma.Statistical significant diference was shown among those subtype groups (P ＜ 0.05).Most of the clear cell carcinomas (127/147,86.4％) showed hyperenhancing.While,the papillary renal cell carcinoma (22/32,68.8％) and chromophobe cell carcinoma (15/27,55.6％) showed hypoenhancing (P ＜ 0.05).The rate of necrosis in clear renal cell carcinoma was 62.6％ (92/147),and 59.4％ (19/32) in papillary cell carcinoma.necrosis area accounted for only 18.5％ (5/27)in chromophobe cell carcinoma (P ＜ 0.05).In the time-intensity curve analysis,the initial time,the average arrival time,the time to peak and area under the curve in renal cortex was (11.06 ± 2.75) s,(23.42 ± 2.79) s,(27.47 ± 3.02) dB,(35.01 ± 2.94)dB,respectively.Significant differences in those items were found in clear cell carcinoma,which was(8.01 ± 1.89) s,(20.05 ± 3.01) s,(30.03 ± 2.98) dB,(37.64 ± 4.01) dB respectively,compared with those in cortex (P ＜ 0.05).The arrival time,time to peak,peak intensity and area under the curve in papillary cell carcinoma were (1 1.12 ± 2.43) s,(27.29 ± 3.54) s,(20.13 ± 2.67) dB,(34.67 ±3.24) dB,respectively.The curve showed the time to peak was higher and the peak intensity were lower than those of renal cortex (P ＜0.05).The arrival time,time to peak,peak intensity and area under the curve in chromophobe cell carcinoma were (11.32 ± 2.90) s,(22.21 ± 3.62) s,(22.02 ± 2.52) dB,(28.67 ± 3.65) dB,respectively.The curve demonstrated peak intensity and area under the curve were lower than those of surrounding renal cortex (P ＜ 0.05).The increase of tumor diameter after contrast-enhanced ultrasound in clear cell carcinoma was about (0.35 ± 0.11)cm and in nonclear cell carcinoma was about (0.23 ± 0.10) cm (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The contrast-enhanced ultrasound played an important role in diagnosis and subtype renal cell carcinoma.

To combine current situation and existing problem of sanitation equipment packaging in military area, perfect organization, special funds and package research of military special useful can be given. The high level of standardization, informationization and containerization of packaging has great significance that improves the ability to protection and pro-motes the development of sanitation equipment packaging on troops.

Humans ; Liver Diseases ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Oleanolic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Phytotherapy ; Saponins ; therapeutic use