Objective To investigate the possibility of reserving uterus during severe postpartum hemorrhage. MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 138 cases of severe postpartum hemorrhage (blood loss ≥2000 ml) from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2009. Results Among 138 cases of severe postpartum hemorrhage, uterine atony (n= 60, 43. 38 ％ ) was the first cause and the second was placental factor (n= 55, 39.86 ％). The blood loss varied from 2000 ml to 10 000 ml and the mean level was about (3004± 1473) ml. The volume of blood transfusion for these patients varied from 800 ml to 7200 ml. Among these patients, the blood loss of 108 cases reserved uteri was from 2000 ml to 7500 ml, with the average of (2564±932) ml； while for 30 cases performed with hysterectomy, the blood loss was about 2500 to 10 000 ml averagly (4653± 1857) ml (t=8. 57, P=0.00). These patients were divided into two groups according to time series. Twelve cases of hysterectomy were performed during 2003to 2005, and the hysterectomy rate was 0. 47‰; 18 cases of hysterectomy were performed during 2006 to 2009, and the hysterectomy rate was 0. 36‰. The average blood loss of the above two groups was (3783±861) ml and (5233±2124) ml respectively (t=2. 234, P=0. 034). Among all the cases with blood loss ≥ 3000 ml, uteri were reserved in 24 cases with the average blood loss of (3818 ± 1284) ml； while hysterectomy were performed in 27 cases with average blood loss of (4900 ± 1789) rnl (t = 2. 453, P =0. 018). The time for blood loss to 3000 ml in the two groups was (160±129) min and (100±67) min,respectively, and the difference was significant (t=2. 113, P = 0.04).The uteri of six cases with postpartum hemorrhage over 4000 ml were successfully reserved, and average bleeding amount was 5570 ml.Two patients among the 138 women died of amniotic fluid embolism.The perinatal mortality rate was 3. 73％.ConclusionsThe postpartum hemorrhage volume and velocity is the key point to decide whether to reserve the uterus or not.For the population with high risk factors,prophylaxis treatment with prostaglandins should be initiated to reduce the bleeding volume.Uterine packing might be an effective treatment to stop postpartum hemorrhage, especially for those bleeding due to placenta previa.

This study was aimed to reveal the effector mechanisms of Chinese medicine aconite, ginseng, astragalus and dried ginger on the intervention of adriamycin (ADR) cardiotoxicity model rats. The analysis was made on the interactive relationship between aconite and ginseng, astragalus as well as dried ginger. A total of 72 rats were randomly divided into nine groups. There were eight rats in each group. Except the normal group, rats in each group were intraperitoneally injected with 2.5 mg·kg-1 of ADR according to their body weights. The injection was given once a week and continued for four weeks. The total dosage was 10 mg·kg-1. In the aconite, dried ginger group, the intragastric administration dosage of herbal decoction was 1.75 g·kg-1. The decoction dosage in the gin-seng, astragalus group was 0.875 g·kg-1. The decoction dosage in the Shenfu, Qifu group was 2.625 g·kg-1. The decoction dosage in the Jiangfu group was 3.5 g·kg-1. The intragastric administration was given once a day and continued for four weeks. Indexes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), cardiac troponins (cTn), cytochrome C (CytC), myocardial mitochondria of Bax, Bcl 2, caspase-3, caspase-9 were detected. The colligation score was calculated associating with the close index. One-way ANOVA was given on different indexes and colligation indi-cators among different drug groups and the factorial design variance analysis was given to reveal the drug interac-tions. The results showed that compared with the normal group there were statistical significances among different indexes in the model group (P < 0.05). Aconite, ginseng, astragalus, dried ginger had varying degrees of impact on different indicators. There were statistical significances on the interaction between aconite and ginseng, astra-galus, dried ginger (except Bax). It was concluded that herbal medicine aconite, ginseng, astragalus, dried ginger had certain protective effect to the heart of ADR model rats. The combination of aconite and ginseng, astragalus, dried ginger can enhance the effect compared with a single herb.

The development of clinical microbiology laboratory is an essential part in promoting the development of clinical microbiology and the basis rational use of antimicrobial agents.Under the circumstances of national specific rectification of antimicrobials,clinical microbiology laboratory should focus on self-buildup and improvement.The development of clinical microbiology laboratory should focus on development of both software and hardware capabilities for lab examination and diagnosis in an all-round way,enhance the antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance,and emphasize and communication and cooperation between laboratory and other departments e.g.clinical departments,pharmacy department and nosocomial surveillance and control office,making concept translation from past ‘paramedical department' to a ‘platform department',contribute its due share to the rational uses of antimicrobial agents.

Objective To observe the clinical curative effect of BudesonideNasal Spray plus Gelomyrtol Forte for acute secretory otitis media.Methods 80 Patients (108ears) and 60 patients (74ears) were treated by BudesonideNasal Spray be bound to Gelomyrtol Forte and Cefaclor Dispersible Tablets res pectively. After 10 days, observe the two groups’s clinical curative effect for acute secretory otitis media.Results The of treatment’s group efficient rate is 99.07, Cefaclor Dispersible Tablets 87.84, and the difference is (?2 =10.68 P0.05), and mild adverse reactions will be disappeared after stoping drugs. Conclusion The of BudesonideNasal Spray puls Gelomyrtol Forte is better than that of Cefaclor Dispersible Tablets for acute secretory otitis media. The mild adverse reaction is the same between the two groups.

AIM: To investigate the clinical effects of phacoemulsification and surgical techeniques in small pupil cataract after filtering operation of glaucoma.
METHODS: Thirty-six cases ( 36 eyes ) of small pupil cataract after filtering operation of glaucoma were underwent phacoemulsification combined with foldable intraocular lens implantation. Postoperative visual acuity, intraocular pressure filtration bleb and complications were observed. The follow-up time was 3mo.
RESULTS: The preoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) or best-corrected visual acuity ( BCVA) ≤0. 3 were in all patients. Postoperativerly, the UCVA or BCVA≥0. 3 after 1wk and 3mo were achieved in 23 eyes (63.89%) and 34 eyes (94. 44%). BCVA was <0. 3 in 2 eyes ( 5. 56%) including optic nerve atrophy of one eye and diabetic retinopathy of one eye. All patients were kept the level of normal intraocular pressure and completed filtering bleb, there were no serious complications.
CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification in small pupil cataract after filtering operation of glaucoma was complex, and reasonable application of operation skills can still achieve better clinical results. The main factor of affecting the visual acuity is pre-existing retinal optic neuropathy.

Objective To investigate the effect of sevoflurane on adriamycin-induced damage to primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.Methods Primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats (within 24 h after birth) and cultured in DMEM liquid culture medium.The cells were seeded in 96-well plates (200μl/hole) or 6-well plates (2 ml/hole) with a density of 5 × 104/ml and randomly divided into 4 groups (n =24 each):control group (group C),adriamycin group (group A),sevoflurane group (group S) and adriamycin + sevoflurane group (group AS).In groups A and AS,adriamycin 1 μmol/L was added to the cultured medium,the equal volume of PBS was added instead in groups C and S,and the cells were then incubated for 24 h.The cells were exposed to 2.4％ sevoflurane for 2 h starting from 24 h of incubation in groups A and AS.The cell viability,concentrations of cTnI and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in the culture medium,and expression of Bax and Bcl-2 were detected 2 h after the end of exposure to sevoflurane.The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was calculated.Results Compared with group C,the cell viability and expression of Bcl-2 were significantly decreased,while the concentrations of cTnI and NT-proBNP in the culture medium,expression of Bax and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were significantly increased in group A,and the cell viability was decreased in group AS (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of Bcl-2 was significantly higher and the concentrations of cTnI and NT-proBNP in the culture medium,expression of Bax and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were significantly lower in group AS than in group A (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Sevoflurane can reduce adriamycin-induced damage to primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and inhibition of cell apoptosis is involved in the mechanism.

Objective To investigate the relationship between alterations in the corneal innervation observed by laser confocal microscopy and peripheral neuropathy severity in the patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).Methods A total of 70 patients with IGT were consecutively enrolled into the study.Among them,30 patients were diagnosed as peripheral neuropathy (IGT-PN),40 patients without peripheral neuropathy (IGT-NPN).Fifty age-matched healthy subjects were also studied.Corneal subbasal nerves were investigated by laser confocal microscopy.Results Corneal nerve fiber length (17.1 ±4.9) vs (14.0±3.8) mm/mm2; t=13.484,P＜0.05),newe branch density ((53.1 ±18.8) vs (36.2±11.5) mm/mm2 ; t =9.369,P ＜ 0.01) and nerve fibre tortuosity ((2.07 ± 0.76) vs (0.88 ± 0.55) levels,t =12.957,P ＜0.05)were significantly increased in IGT-NPN group when compared with control group,but nerve fibre density had no difference.Nerve fiber length,nerve branch density and nerve fibre density were significantly decreased in IGT-PN group compared with control group and IGT-NPN group,while NFT was significantly increased in IGT-PN group.Conclusions Patients with impaired glucose metabolism show alterations in corneal innervations before diagnosed with diabetes mellitus or peripheral neuropathy.It indicates that corneal confocal microscopy can be used for early diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Objective To evaluate the role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein-serine-threonine kinases (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway and autophagy in reduction of adriamycin-induced myocardial injury by sevoflurane in the rats.Methods Thirty-six healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 200-250 g,were randomly divided into 6 groups (n =6 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),adriamycin-induced myocardial injury group (group Dox),sevoflurane group (group Sev),LY294002 inhibitor group (group LY),solvent control group (group dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO]),and 3-MA inhibitor group (group 3-MA).Adriamycin 4 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally once a week for 3 weeks in all the groups except group C.The rats were mechanically ventilated for 2 h in C and Dox groups.The rats inhaled 2.4％ sevoflurane for 2 h in group Sev.In group LY,0.3 mg/kg LY294002 was injected via the tail vein at 10 min before anesthesia,and the rats inhaled 2.4％ sevoflurane for 2 h.In group DMSO,the equal volume of DMSO was injected,and the rats inhaled 2.4％ sevoflurane for 2 h.After the blood samples were collected from the heart,the rats were sacrificed,and myocardial specimens were obtained for determination of cardiac troponin Ⅰ (cTnI) concentrations in serum (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay),expression of total Akt (t-Akt),phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt),mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR),phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR) and autophagy marker microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 Ⅱ (LC3 Ⅱ) (by Western blot),and cell apoptosis (by TUNEL).Apoptosis index (AI) was calculated.Results Compared with group C,the expression of p-Akt and p-mTOR was significantly down-regulated,and the expression of LC3 Ⅱ,AI,and serum cTnI concentration were significantly increased in the other five groups (P＜ 0.05).Compared with group Dox,the expression of p-Akt and p-mTOR was significantly up-regulated,and the expression of LC3 Ⅱ,AI,and serum cTnI concentration were significantly decreased in group Sev (P＜0.05).Compared with group Sev,the expression of p-Akt and p-mTOR was significantly down-regulated,and the expression of LC3 Ⅱ,AI,and serum cTnI concentration were significantly increased in group LY,and the expression of LC3 Ⅱ was significantly down-regulated,and serum cTnI concentrations were significantly decreased in group 3-MA (P＜0.05).Conclusion Sevoflurane can activate PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and inhibit autophagy,thus reducing adriamycin-induced myocardial injury in rats.

Objective To study the impact of sodium arsenite(NaAsO2) exposure on melanoma cells A375 (hereinafter referred to as the A375) and G361 (hereinafter referred to as the G361) pigment production and tyrosinase (TYR) activity and the differences of pigment metabolism capacity between the cell lines.Methods A375 and G361 cells were exposed to sodium arsenite at concentrations of 0.0(control),0.1 and 1.0 μmol/L for 72hours.Cell viability was measured by Alamar Blue assay.Melanin levels and TYR activity were measured at the same time.Results After exposure for 72 hours,the cells of 0.1 μmol/L dose groups of both of the two cell lines [A375:(103.32 + 1.26)％; G361:(104.10 + 1.76)％] showed a slightincrease of proliferation without significant differences compared with those of the control[A375:(100.00 ± 1.08)％; G361:(100.00 + 1.79)％,all P ＜ 0.05] ;while cell viability of the 1.0 μmol/L dose group of both of the two cell lines[A375:(75.32 ± 1.59)％; G361:(78.26 ± 2.10)％] were significantly lower than those of the control (all P ＜ 0.05).Melanin levels of G361 cell line [(7.19 ± 0.35),(7.34 ± 0.83),(8.19 ± 0.86)pg/cell] were significantly higher than that of A375[(4.35 ± 0.72),(4.54 ± 0.01),(4.60 + 0.59)pg/cell,all P ＜ 0.05] in all the three groups.TYR activity of G361 cell line [(54.13 ± 1.21),(54.56 ± 0.21),(56.25 ± 0.85)Bq] were also markedly higher than that of A375 cell[(42.00 ±0.21),(42.90 ± 0.54),(42.91 ± 0.01)Bq,all P ＜ 0.05] in all the three groups.The melanin levels and TYR activities of both of the two cells lines showed an increase tendency along with increased doses of arsenic exposure,but without significant differences when compared with those of the three groups (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Arsenic related pigment disorder may be associated with increased melanin levels and TYR activities induced by arsenic exposure; individual difference of pigment metabolism may be associated with different basal melanin levels and TYR activity between different individuals.

It had fertile countryside land,rich products,dense population and creeks and lakes in ancient Hangzhou and its neighbour area,where there is a good place for planting medicinal materials.It had long history of planting medicinal materials with abundant output,pure and good nature,and much varieties;among which,some famous and costly medicinal materials,such as "eight Zhe's" and "eighteen Hangs",were not only adopted broadly by court,royalty and doctors,but purchased by many businessmen and sold far to abroad as well;they seemed to be in the leading place in China.