Objective:To explore th five year survivals and some prognostic factors for bres at cancer patients in the north areas of China,and the indentification or differ e nces on these variables among breast cancer patients between in China and in Can ada.Methods:All Data were collected from the hospital records of 1 002 breast cancer patients who were initially treated at the First Hospital of Jilin Uni versity (116 cases FTH,Changchun China) and the Sain t-Sacrement Hospital (886 cases in SSH,Quebec Canada) respectively by use of Historical Cohort survey,and the survival propotions were calculated and comp ared stradly by use of Kaplan-Meier method.Results:Age at diagnosis was substantially lower (average of age about 10 years less) among breast cancer patients seen at FTH compared to those treated at SSH (P<0.0001).Patients in the two hospitals differed in respect to tumor size at pathology (P=0.036).The proportion of women with lymph node involvement was greater at FTH (61.1%) than that at HSS(37.3%)(P<0.0001).Surgical treat ment of breats cancer was varied considerably:the radical mastectomy was frequen tly performed for andy stage of breast cancer patients in Changchun,but the part ial mastectomy was mainly used for patients with stage Ⅰ or Ⅱ in Quebec.The fi ve year survival was 74.2% among breast cacer patients seen at FTH compared to 7 6.3% among women treated at HSS,and there was no singnificant differrence (P =0.302). Conclusion:Five year survival of breast cancer patients treated surgically in C hangchun,China,was similar to that of patients treated surgically in Quebec,Can ada except for differences in age at diagnosis,tumor size and lymph node involve ment

Objective To evaluate the implication and necessity of deepithelialization in mastopexy.Methods A total of 124 patients with mastoptosis were randomly divided into 2 groups:group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ,62 cases each.A double-circle incision technique was used for all the patients.In group Ⅰ,full thickness skin around nipple-areola was resected.While in group Ⅱ,deepithelialization was performed and the peri nipple-areola dermis was preserved.Results The average full skin resection time was 4.5 minute per side in group Ⅰ and the skin deepithelialization time was 15.8 minute per side in group Ⅱ.Postoperative follow-up was carried out for all the 124 patients with duration of 2 weeks to 4 years.In group Ⅱ,sebaceous cysts,epidermal inclusion cyst and suture knot exclusion were found at the incision site in 8 patients (12.9 ％) at 3 weeks to 1.5 years after operation.Conclusions The blood supply to the nipple-areola complex is not affected by full-thickness skin removal during mastopexy,while the incidence of complication at the incision site decreases significantly.We conclude that deepithelialization has not much clinical significance in mastopexy.

OBJECTIVETo study the medium and long term effects of perfusion of bone marrow stromal stem cells through optional artery for the treatment of non-traumatic femoral head avascular necrosis.

METHODSFrom January 2000 to December 2004,62 cases(78 hips) with non-traumatic femoral head necrosis accepted optional artery marrow stromal stem cells infusion treatment and had complete follow-up data, including 43 hips of 35 males and 35 hips of 27 females with an average age of 36.3 years old (22 to 54). According to preoperative imaging data, 16 hips were ARCO I stage, 52 hips were II stage, 10 hips were III a stage. Harris score was 64.94 +/- 8.12 preoperatively. Postoperative Harris score at the last follow-up, imaging changes,DSA vascular changes were analysis.

RESULTSThe patients were followed up for 9 to 13 years (means 11 years). By the end of the follow-up, a total of 18 hips got artificial joint replacement, 10 hips of preoperative ARCO I, II period got artificial hip joint replacement, 8 hips of IIIa period got hip artificial joint replacement. Harris score was 71.21 +/- 0.19 at the end of the follow-up, it was obviously enhanced compared with preoperative. DSA showed blood vessels of supply the femoral head increased thickening.

CONCLUSIONPerfusion of bone marrow stromal stem cells through optional artery can effective treat non-traumatic femoral head necrosis of ARCO I, II period, it can make the femoral circumflex artery and its branches increased thickening.

Adult ; Angiography, Digital Subtraction ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Female ; Femur Head Necrosis ; therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Middle Aged

Objective:To differentiate human embryonic stem cells ( hESCs ) into keratinocytes ( K-hESCs) and analyse the expression characteristics of biomarkers of K-hESCs.Methods: The hESCs of line H9 were seeded on matrigel in mTeSR1 medium.The hESCs were directly differentiated into kerati-nocytes in epithelial differentiation medium with bone morphogenetic protein 4, retinoic acid and N2 sup-plement.The karyotype of K-hESCs was analyzed, comparing the gene expression differences of K-hESCs with human gingival epithelial cells (HGECs), human immortalized oral epithelial cells (HIOECs) and HaCaT by Real-time PCR.Molecular characteristics of the cell differentiation were observed throughout the process by immunocytochemical techniques.Results:H9-hESCs were successfully differentiated into the cells that exhibited characteristics of keratinocytes in epithelial differentiation medium.The karyotype of K-hESCs was 46, XX; and the keratinocyte gene p63 expression in K-hESCs was significantly lower than that in HaCaT ( P<0.05) , but there was no significant difference of p63 expression in K-hESCs, comparing with that in HGECs and HIOECs ( P >0.05 ) .Conclusion: H9-hESCs could be directly differentiated into K-hESCs.The gene expression of K-hESCs was similar to that of epithelial cells in the early stage of monolayer cells differentiation with high proliferative activity.

AIM: To evaluate intraocular pressure (IOP) control and visual rehabilitation after placement of the Ex-press(R)miniature glaucoma shunt with adjunctive amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) and mitomycin C (MMC) in patients with post-traumatic open-angle glaucoma during 2y of follow up.METHODS: This was an interventional,2-year,observational study.Eighteen eyes were prospectively observed (in 18 patients with traumatic secondary open-angle glaucoma) in which Ex-press miniature glaucoma filtration shunts were implanted with AMT and MMC.The outcome measures included intraocular pressure (IOP),best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),number of antiglaucoma medications,and complications.The progress of all patients was monitored for 24mo.RESULTS: Complete success (IOP <21 mmHg without glaucoma medications) was seen in 15 of the 17 (88.2%) eyes enrolled in the study at 24mo after the operation.IOP decreased from 36.9±4.8 mmHg preoperatively to 15.4±3.5 mmHg at 12mo and 15.5±3.5 mmHg at 24mo postoperatively.Early postoperative hypertension developed in two patients (11.1%) due to postoperative fibrosis.Most of the patients had improved postoperative BCVA values at the final follow-up visit compared to their preoperative measurements.Two patients (11.1%) developed transient hypotony.There were no complications such as hyphema,choroidal effusion,shallow anterior chamber,the device touching the iris,or extrusion of the device.CONCLUSION: The Ex-press miniature glaucoma filtration shunt with adjunctive AMT and MMC is effective and safe in cases of traumatic open-angle glaucoma.Surgical management is an appropriate surgical treatment in this series of cases.

Six flavonol glycosides were isolated and calibrated from Ginkgo biloba extract, and then used to calibrate the content in 2 baiches of G. biloba reference extract, so was rutin. RSD values of rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside-2-glu- coside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnop-yranosyl-2-O-(6-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnopyranosyl-2-O-(6-O-p-coum-aroyl) - glucoside were around 1.1%-4.6%, nevertheless, RSD values of quercetin-3-O-glucoside and isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside were more than 5%. According to the results, the reference extract of G. biloba can be used as the substitute to determine rutin, kaempferol-3-O- rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside-2-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnopyranosyl-2-O-(6-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside and kaempferol-3-0-rhamnopyranosyl-2-O-(6-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside instead of corresponding reference substances. So reference extract in place of single component reference in assay is feasible.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavonols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

OBJECTIVETo assess long term stent implantation efficacy of myocardial bridge and severe atherosclerosis lesions in the segments proximal to the myocardial bridge.

METHODSThe study population consisted of 3 groups (103 patients). Group A included 28 patients with severe atherosclerosis lesion of luminal narrowing of > or = 70% in the segments proximal to the myocardial bridge. Group B included 16 patients with symptomatic myocardial bridge lesion of systolic luminal narrowing of > or = 95%. Group C included 59 patients with severe atherosclerotic lesion of luminal narrowing of > or = 70%. All lesions were successfully treated with stent by standard interventional techniques. Quantitative coronary angiography was performed before and immediately after stent deployment. Follow-up Quantitative coronary angiography was performed at six months or later. Clinical evaluation was done at 20 months after PCI.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference in luminal diameter and stent diameter among 3 groups immediately after stent implantation (P > 0.05). At six months, restenosis occurred in 4 patients in Group A (14.3%), in 7 patients in Group B (43.7%), and in 8 patients in Group C (14.8%), respectively. The rate of restenosis was significantly lower in group A and C than in group B (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found between group A and C. Additional balloon dilating of stent were performed in all restenosis patients. Clinical evaluation at 20 months showed that all patients remained free of angina and cardiac events.

CONCLUSIONThe efficacy of intracoronary stent implantation in treating severe atherosclerosis lesion in the segments proximal to the myocardial bridge is not affected by abnormal haemodynamic changes of myocardial bridges. The rate of restenosis in intracoronary stent implantation of myocardial bridges is higher than that of atherosclerotic lesions in the segments proximal to myocardial bridge.

Adult ; Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Atherosclerosis ; therapy ; Coronary Artery Disease ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Bridging ; therapy ; Stents ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo report the clinical, genetic, and molecular characterization of two Chinese families with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON).

METHODSOphthalmological examinations showed that only probands in two families exhibited visual loss at the age of 10 and 17 years respectively. The entire mitochondrial genome of two probands was PCR amplified in 24 overlapping fragments using sets of oligonucleotide primers.

RESULTSMutational analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in these pedigrees revealed the absence of three common LHON associated G11778A, G3460A and T144484 mutations but the presence of homoplastic LHON associated ND4 G11696A mutation, which was present in one out of 167 Chinese healthy controls.

CONCLUSIONSequence analysis of the complete mitochondrial genomes in two pedigrees showed the distinct sets of mtDNA polymorphisms, belonging to Eastern Asian haplogroup D4. The incomplete penetrance of visual loss and the presence of one in 167 controls suggested that this mutation itself is insufficient to produce a clinical phenotype and other modifier factors play a role in the phenotypic manifestation. The lack of functional mtDNA variants in these pedigrees ruled out the role of mitochondrial background in the phenotypic expression of visual loss. Therefore, nuclear modifier gene(s) or environmental factor(s) may play a role in the phenotypic expression of the LHON-associated G11696A mutation in two Chinese pedigrees.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Child ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber ; genetics ; Pedigree ; Phenotype

OBJECTIVETo examine the expression of membrane-type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) and reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK) in gastric carcinoma, and investigate its clinical significance, at the same time analyze the correlation between MT1-MMP and RECK expression.

METHODSMT1-MMP and RECK expression in surgically resected tissue samples of gastric carcinoma was examined by immunohistochemical method (two-step method) , and its correlation with clinicopathological factors was analyzed.

RESULTSAmong the 44 gastric carcinoma samples, 37 (84.1%) were stained positive for MT1-MMP, and 31 (70.5%) for RECK. The expression of MT1-MMP was much higher in poorly differentiated gastric carcinoma samples than moderately and well-differentiated samples (P = 0.015). The expression level of MT1-MMP was associated with invasive depth of tumor cells (P = 0.007), but no difference between sex and lymph node metastasis. On the contrary, the well-differentiated samples showed higher expression of RECK than poorly and moderately differentiated gastric carcinoma samples (P = 0.006). The expression level of RECK did not correlate with sex, lymph node metastasis and invasive depth of tumor cells. RECK expression showed no relation to MT1-MMP expression in the gastric carcinoma.

CONCLUSIONOverexpression of MT1-MMP in gastric carcinoma may play an important role during tumor differentiation and metastasis, the RECK protein may have positive effects on the tumor differentiation.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma ; enzymology ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; GPI-Linked Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 14 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Stomach Neoplasms ; enzymology ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of elderly patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), in order to provide scientific evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 in elderly patients.Methods:Clinical data of 102 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the B11 East Ward of the Zhongfaxincheng campus and the E1-3 ward of the Guanggu Campus of Tongji Hospital affiliated to Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan from 1 February 2020 to 28 February 2020 were retrospectively collected and analyzed.Patients were categorized into 2 groups: the elderly group(≥60 years old)and the young and middle-aged group(<60 years old). Differences in epidemiological features, demographics, clinical symptoms, laboratory results and imaging findings between the two groups were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Among 102 patients with COVID-19, 58 were in the elderly group(≥60 years old), with a median age of 67.0(63.8, 71.0)years old, and 44 in the young and middle-aged group(<60 years old), with a median age of 47.5(38.0, 51.8)years old.There was no significant difference in gender ratio between the two groups( χ2=0.033, P=0.855). Of 102 patients, 42.0%(21/50)had close contact with an infected person, 14.0%(7/50)were from infection clusters, and 18.0%(9/50)had suspected hospital-acquired infections.Fever and cough remained the most common symptoms, but gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, poor appetite, diarrhea and muscle cramps were also warning signs.Fatigue and cough were the most common presenting symptoms in elderly male patients.Bilateral patchy infiltrates(57.9%, 22/38)and ground-glass opacities(42.1%, 16/38)were the main imaging features and 42.1%(16/38)patients had multiple areas of the lungs involved.Over 50% patients had increased levels of blood glucose, D-dimer, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, multiple cytokines and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, as well as decreased levels of albumin, hemoglobin, hematocrit, lymphocytes and serum calcium.Compared with the young and middle-aged group, the elderly group had higher rates of abnormality in levels of D-dimer and serum calcium( χ2=7.067 and 4.166, P=0.008 and 0.041). Conclusions:Fever and cough are the most common symptoms in elderly patients with COVID-19.Elderly patients with COVID-19 have multiple abnormalities in clinical laboratory test results, which show a certain level of specificity compared with young and middle-aged patients.