Flavonoids ; analysis ; Soybeans ; analysis

· Application of capsular tension ring ( CTR ) in phacoemulsification has become a common method to increase the stability of the capsular bag. CTR can effectively reduce the posterior capsular opacification ( PCO) , prevent intraocular lens ( lOL ) decentration and tilt, not cause lOL degree deviation and aberration increase.ln this review, we summarized the development overview of CTR in phacoemulsification.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the patterns of linkage disequilibrium (LD) of 16 STR loci on X chromo- some and investigate the genetic stability. METHODS: Genomic DNA samples extracted from blood stains from 500 unrelated individuals and 885 lineage members from Eastern Chinese Han population were genotyped through multiplex amplification using IDtyperX-16 kit by our independent research followed by capillary electrophoresis. LD was assessed by PowerMarker v3.25 software and mutation rate of every locus was analyzed. RESULTS: LD were not found at the 16 X-STR loci. Allele mutations were observed at 10 loci. Among them, mutation rates of DXS6809 and DXS7132 were both up to 0.0048. CONCLUSION When the 16 X-STR loci included in IDtyperX-16 kit were used for parentage testing, product princi- ples can be applied to calculate the likelihood, but mutation should be taken into consideration in the case that the genotypes do not meet the genetic law (especially at DXS6809 and DXS7132).
Alleles ; Asian People/genetics* ; Blood Stains ; China ; Chromosomes, Human, X/genetics* ; Electrophoresis, Capillary ; Female ; Forensic Genetics/methods* ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Loci/genetics* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium/genetics* ; Microsatellite Repeats/genetics* ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Mutation ; Mutation Rate

Objective To investigate the clinical and electroencephalogram (EEG) characteristics of children with electrical status cpilepticus during sleep (ESES), and the response to medication therapy. Methods AEEG and VEEG including an entire sleeping c-ycle were performed on 26 patients with ESES. The clinical and EEG changes, neuropsychological impairment and the response to medication therapy were followed up. Results Twenty five patients had seizures,21 cases had normal psychomotor development before ESES. After the onset of the disease,Fifteen cases developed language disorder, 16 cases developed psychological and behavior abnormalities, 13 cases had both of the problems Seventeen patients belonged to epileptic syndrome. Patients in this cohort had good response to clonazepam and valproate treatment. Cortical steroid could dispel the electrical discharge. Eighteen patients had been followed up. Seizures stopped in 15 cases after treatment ESES disappeared in 16 cases, 4 of them still had neuropsychological impairment ESES sustained in 2 cases Conclusions ESES is a specific EEG phenomenon. Continue epileptic form discharge during non - rapid cye movement sleep is the major cause of neuropsychological impairment in patients with ESES. To control the seizures and electrical state are very important for the prevention and treatment of neuropsychological impairment.

Objective:To investigate whether radiotherapy should be delivered before the application of immune checkpoint inhibitor PD-1 in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and evaluate the effect of previous radiotherapy on the efficacy and pulmonary toxicity of PD-1 inhibitor.Methods:Clinical data of patients with stage Ⅳ NSCLC who received immunotherapy in Henan Cancer Hospital from March 2015 to September 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The baseline data of patients, the status of radiotherapy and immunotherapy and the pulmonary toxicity were collected. According to whether radiotherapy was given before PD-1 inhibitor application, all patients were divided into the previous radiotherapy and non-radiotherapy groups. Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan- Meier method. Results:A total of 90 patients were enrolled including 39 cases in the previous radiotherapy group and 51 cases in the non-radiotherapy group. The median follow-up time was 22.9 months. The median progression-free survival (mPFS) in the previous radiotherapy group was 7.5 months (95% CI 5.4-9.5 months), significantly longer compared with 4.1 months (95% CI 3.1-5.1 months) in the non-radiotherapy group ( P=0.003). The median overall survival (mOS) significantly differed between two groups[15.2 months (95% CI 12.3-18.1 months) vs. 9.3 months (95% CI 6.1-12.5 months)]( P=0.040). The incidence of pulmonary toxicity showed no significant difference between two groups ( P=0.154). Conclusions:Patients with stage Ⅳ NSCLC patients in the previous radiotherapy group obtain significantly better mPFS and mOS and similar pulmonary toxicity compared with their counterparts in the non-radiotherapy group. Nevertheless, the findings remain to be validated by subsequent investigations with larger sample size.

Anti-HIV Agents ; pharmacology ; Ciprofloxacin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Gene Products, tat ; chemistry ; genetics ; Genes, tat ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; genetics ; Humans ; Oligopeptides ; pharmacology ; Organophosphates ; pharmacology ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transcriptional Activation ; Uridine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus

we first find that the protoplast of Xanthomonas campestris can synthesize and secret Xanthan in the high permeable nutrition containing sucrose as substrate.

AIMTo evaluate the joint action of phoxim and fenvalerate on the reproductive function in male Sprague-Dawley rats.

METHODSThe 2 x 2 factorial analysis experiment was used in the study. The pesticides were orally given at daily doses of phoxim (Pho) 8.2 mg/kg, fenvalerate (Fen) 3.3 mg/kg and Pho 8.2+Fen 3.3 mg/kg (Pho:Fen = 5:2), 5 days a week for 60 days. Sperm motility was measured with computer-assisted sperm motility analysis (CASA) and daily sperm production estimated. Immunoenzymatic method and electron microscopy were used to evaluate the serum testosterone and the testicular morphology, respectively.

RESULTSThere were significant decreases in sperm motility parameters in the treated animals, including straight line velocity (VSL), beat cross frequency (BCF), linearity (LIN) and straightness (STR). After treated with Fen, significant decreases in VSL, LIN and STR were demonstrated. Significant decreases of daily sperm production were seen in animals treated with Pho and Pho+Fen in comparison with the controls. Serum testosterone levels were not significantly changed in the treated groups. Factorial ANOVA showed that no significant interactions were noted between Pho and Fen in sperm motility, sperm production and serum testosterone. Both the single and mixed pesticides caused various degrees of testicular lesions, involving vacuolation of endoplasmic reticulum and necrosis of Sertoli cells.

CONCLUSIONThe pesticides may cause sperm motility changes and testicular lesions in male rats. The action of Pho and Fen may be additive.

Animals ; Drug Interactions ; Insecticides ; pharmacology ; Male ; Nitriles ; Organothiophosphorus Compounds ; pharmacology ; Pyrethrins ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reproduction ; drug effects ; Sperm Motility ; drug effects ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; Testis ; cytology ; drug effects ; ultrastructure ; Testosterone ; blood

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of carbaryl on serum steroid hormone and function of antioxidant system in female Sprague Dawley rats.

METHODSCarbaryl was administrated to the adult female rats at doses of 0, 1.028, 5.140 and 25.704 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) for 30 d. Vaginal smears of rats were taken to determine estrous cycle. Serum 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) and progesterone (P(4)) concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-s-transferase (GST), and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were measured by spectrophotometry.

RESULTSThe number of estrous cycle in exposed groups were obviously lower than in control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Body weight gain in high dose group (25.704 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) was significantly lower than that in control. Meanwhile, the organ coefficient of ovary and uterus declined in a dose-dependent manner. Serum E(2) level [(19.93 +/- 2.21) nmol/L] in 25.704 mg group was lower than in control group [(28.76 +/- 6.12) nmol/L, P < 0.05], and P(4) level (1.21 +/- 0.40) nmol/L in 1.028 mg group was higher than that in control group [(0.63 +/- 0.39) nmol/L, P < 0.05]. The activity of SOD first reduced then rose in ovary, and first rose then reduced in serum. The contents of MDA increased in ovary, while decreased in the serum. GSH contents and GST activity increased in ovary, while in serum GSH contents decreased and GST activity first increased then decreased.

CONCLUSIONCarbaryl could disrupt estrous cycle and affect serum steroid hormone, and the function of antioxidant system in female SD rats.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Carbaryl ; toxicity ; Estradiol ; blood ; Female ; Glutathione ; blood ; Glutathione Transferase ; blood ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Progesterone ; blood ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of fenvalerate (Fen) on ovarian calcium homeostasis.

METHODShGLCs were obtained from pre-ovulatory follicles in an in vitro fertilization program, and were cultured for 72 hours. Changes in cellular [Ca(2+)]i induced by Fen in hGLCs were detected with laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) by using the fluorescent Ca(2+) indicator fluo-3/AM. SD female rats were divided into four groups (control, 1/15LD(50), 1/50 LD(50) and 1/250 LD(50)) in experiment. The activity of ovarian Ca(2+)-ATPase and phosphorylase A (P-a) and the contents of calmodulin (CaM) were assessed after a 30-day Fen exposure. In addition, serum estradiol-17 beta (E(2)) and progesterone (P(0)) concentration were measured by radioimmunoassay, which the sampling rats were ensured at diestrus stage before killed according to vaginal smear.

RESULTS20.0 and 2.0 micromol/L Fen induced the increased of [Ca(2+)]i in hGLC. This [Ca(2+)]i increase mostly resulted from Ca(2+) influx in the studied concentration. Fen had shown the inhibition effects on activity of Ca(2+)-ATPase in 1/250 LD(50) group (P < 0.001) while the activity of phosphorylase A (P-a) in treated groups had significantly enhanced than those of in control. The contents of CaM in ovaries were found to be increased in treated groups. E(2) in 1/250 LD(50) group were higher while P(0) in 1/15 LD(50) group were significantly lower (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONExposure to Fen interferes the serum steroid hormone concentrations partly through calcium signal pathway.

Adenosine Triphosphatases ; metabolism ; Animals ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; blood ; Granulosa Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Homeostasis ; drug effects ; Humans ; Insecticides ; toxicity ; Nitriles ; Ovary ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Pyrethrins ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley