The pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis(AR)is extremely complex.In recent years,a variety of allergens and other complexes have been developed to induce a series of signal transduction mechanisms by activating mast cells.Intracellular media release(mast cells,MCs)play an important role in the pathogenesis of AR.In this paper,we reviewed the progress of mast cells in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis in recent years in order to further understand its role in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis and provide new ideas on the therapeutic target for allergic rhinitis.
Allergens ; Cell Count ; Humans ; Mast Cells ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; immunology ; Signal Transduction

ObjectiveTo analyze the mental health level and the correlative factors of elderly reflux esophaditis patients.Methods86 elderly reflux esophagitis patients were tested with Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90) and the Correlative Factor Inquiry List.ResultsThe total SCL-90 scores of the patients was 137.5±27, the number of symptomatic items was 29.9±17, which was significantly higher than that of domestic norm ( P<0.01). Besides of psychopathic and phobic, other factor scores of SCL-90 were also significantly higher than that of domestic norm ( P<0.05～0.01). The somatization, depression and anxiety were first three factors according to significant level. The constitution of patients showed the normal distribution at the level of total SCL-90 score.ConclusionMental health level of elderly reflux esophaditis patients is lower than that of normal people. The two primary reasons are long-term trend and stress of disease.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of hearing loss by studying the current status of hearing loss, risk factors of hearing loss, exposure level of noise, and everyday habit of hearing in a group of university students, so as to provide information for hearing loss prevention in university students. METHOD: According to the purposive sampling method, 642 freshmen students participated in the study. Pure tone audiometry, and exposure level of noise scale were performed in all participants. RESULT: (1) According to the hearing loss criterion of WHO/PDH97.3, high frequency hearing loss, and noise induced threshold shifts, the hearing loss prevalence was 0.36%, 20.91% and 6.73%, respectively. (2) Multivariant Logistic regression analysis of high-frequency hearing loss indicated that traffic noise exposure and ear infection were risk factor of high frequency hearing loss. CONCLUSION There is a high prevalence of high frequency hearing loss in university students (20.91%), which was high related with traffic noise exposure and ear infection.
Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Hearing Loss, High-Frequency ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Noise ; adverse effects ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Students ; Universities

Objective To explore the technique of auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation model in C57BL/6 mice.Method The donor portal vein and hepatic vein were anastomosed with Cuff and suture techniques respectively.The donor bile duct was implanted into recipient duodenum.Result The operation time of harvesting donor's liver and anhepatic phase and recipient was (30 ± 3),(6-± 1) and (58 ± 5) min respectively.The model success rate was 96％,and the 4-week survival rate was 88％.Conclusion The animal model was stable with high success-rate and can be used for the study of auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation.

Baculoviral IAP(inhibitor of apoptosis protein) gene was identified firstly in IAP gene family.The structurcal feature of baculoviral IAP genes are characterized BIR and RING domain;Despite similar to P35 in antiapoptotic function,baculovrial IAP and P35 differ in structure and mechnism of action.Phylogenetic analysis of IAP genes and lots of evidence sppport the origin of this viral gene by capture of a host gene early in the evolution of Lepidoptera.

Baculovirus DNA polymerase gene belongs to an early gene of baculovirus. It is a necessary gene required for replication of virus in insect cells. It can encode DNA polymerase induced by virus. In the process of replication, DNA polymerase can bind to homologous regions and non-homologous regions, which are believed to act as the origins of virus DNA replication with other replication factors. In addition, DNA polymerase has advantages over occlusion protein and egt gene for resolving deep branching taxonomic relationships of baculovirus phylogenies.

Background Serum cystatin C levels can be used to predict morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease. However, the clinical relevance of serum cystatin C levels in patients with hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) has rarely been investigated. We designed the present study to investigate whether serum cystatin C levels are associated with cardiac structural and functional alterations in hypertensive patients. Methods We enrolled 823 hypertensive patients and classified them into two groups:those with LVH (n=287) and those without LVH (n=536). All patients underwent echocardiography and serum cystatin C testing. We analyzed the relationship be-tween serum cystatin C levels and LVH. Results Serum cystatin C levels were higher in hypertensive patients with LVH than in those without LVH (P＜0.05). Using linear correlation analysis, we found a positive correlation between serum cystatin C levels and interven-tricular septal thickness (r=0.247, P＜0.01), posterior wall thickness (r=0.216, P＜0.01), and left ventricular weight index (r=0.347, P＜0.01). When analyzed by multiple linear regression, the positive correlations remained between serum cystatin C and interventricular septal thickness (β=0.167, P＜0.05), posterior wall thickness (β=0.187, P＜0.05), and left ventricular weight index (β=0.245, P＜0.01). Con-clusion Serum cystatin C concentration is an independent marker for hypertensive LVH.

2cm~2.Conclusions The auto-cranial pedicle flap via endonasal repairing blow-out fractures of or- bital inferior wails is an effective technique.The results are good for improving eye movement especially for fracture ranged≤2cm~2. (Ophthalmol CHN,2007,16:388-390)

Objective To investigate the effects of GW4064,one FXR agonist,on the leptin and OB-Rb during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and on the OB-Rb in the HepG2 cells. Methods The mRNA relative expression of leptin , OB-Rb and the protein of leptin on the day of 0 , 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes after interfered with GW4064 were detected by fluorescent real-time PCR and ELISA , respectively. Meanwhile , the mRNA relative expression of OB-Rb of HepG2 cells after treated with GW4064 0 h , 12 h,24 h,48 h were also examined. Results The mRNA relative expression of leptin in the 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and OB-Rb in the HepG2 cells after treated with GW4064 were significantly increased compared with the controlgroup. Also, the protein level of leptin was similar with the mRNA expression. The all differences were statistically significance (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference on OB-Rb in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes cells (P>0.05). Conclusions GW4064 is able to upregulate the expression of leptin in the 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and OB-Rb in the HepG2 cells. Now the role of leptin in the NAFLD is still unkown, however, the low expression of OB-Rb is related with the leptin resistance in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. So we hypothesize that FXR agonist may treat NAFLD through upreglating the expression of OB-Rb and improving leptin resistance.

Adenine ; analogs & derivatives ; Fanconi Syndrome ; Humans ; Organophosphonates