Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; genetics ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; etiology ; genetics

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the regularity and characteristics of adverse drug reaction (ADR) in our hospital,to reduce the incidence of ADR,and to provide reference for clinical rational drug use. METHODS:1 731 ADR cases reported by our hospital during Jan. 2002 to Jul. 2015 to national ADR monitoring center through the network system were selected and analyzed statistically in respects of gender,age,related drugs,route of administration,causal relationship evaluation,reporting personnel status,ADR results and drug dosage form organs or systems involved in ADR and manifestation. RESULTS:There were a total of 1 731 ADR patients,among which 640 cases were male,and 1 091 cases were female;patients aged 41-60,≥61 were 676,568 cases;there were 86 cases of severe ADR and 1 645 cases of general ADR,249 cases of new ADR,include 19 cases of severe ADR;causal relationship evaluation of ADR was“impossible”(572 cases) and“very likely”(859 cases) as the vast majority of staff reporting;the most of reporters were doctors (1 290 cases,74.52%),followed by pharmacists (323 cases, 18.66%) and nurses (118 cases, 6.82%);ADR of most patients were improved and recovered. There were 16 routes of administration in ADR cases,among which intravenous infusion and oral administration were the main route of administration, accounting for 92.95%;ADR reports involved 32 kinds of dosage form,which mainly were injection,tablets and capsules, accounting for 86.76%. CONCLUSIONS:Great importance should be attached to ADR monitoring and reporting. We also should reduce the use of intravenous drugs,pay attention to the safety of drug use in elderly patients,promote clinical rational drug use, and ensure the safety of patients.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a swine herpesvirus of the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily and a pathogen of swine resulting in devastating disease and economic losses worldwide. Cre/loxP site-specific system has the character of site specific, time specific, tissue specific and high efficiency in recombination, which makes this system universal in vivo and in vitro recombination of bacteria, fungus, plants, insects and mammals. A recombinant PRV which contain a loxP site in TK locus by using Cre/LoxP recombinant system was construsted. A pair of primers were synthesized according to the pEGFP-C1 sequence published on GenBank, and were used to amplify the EGFP gene expression cassette with two loxP sites flanking each side. This target gene was cloned into pSKLR, the resulting transfer vector pSKLR-GFP-loxP was then cotransfected into 293T cells with PRV SH strain genomic DNA. The recombinant virus rPRV1 was selected and purified in TK-143 cells by choosing fluorescent expressing plaques. Cre expression vector pOG231 was cotransfected into 293T cells with rPRV1 genomic DNA. The second recombinant virus rPRV2 was obtained, which contains only one loxP site in TK locus. Sequencing results of rPRV2 TK gene indicated that 34bp loxP site was inserted into rPRV2 genome and there were 270bp deletion in TK gene. PCR amplifying different generations of rPRV2 TK gene showed that the mutant was stable when passages in RK-13 cells. TCID_ 50 assay indicated that rPRV2 grows well on RK-13 cells. The LD_ 50 test results on BALB/C mice suggested that the virulence of rPRV2 was reduced. As a conclusion, the report gene GFP expression cassette was removed successfully from rPRV1 genome and only one LoxP site was leaved in rPRV2 genome by using Cre/LoxP recombinant system.

Objective To investigate the effects of GABAergic inhibition medicated by the intemeurons on the induction of long-term potentiation (LPT), and determine the concentration of bicuculline required to block GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition and affect LIT induction at CA1 hippocampal synapse. Methods Using whole-cell recording technique, the mini-inhibitory postsynaptic current (mIPSC) and evoked fcedforward inhibitory post synaptic current (IPSC) were measured from the CA1 neurons in the hippocampal slices. Extracellular recording of field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) by Schaffer collateral stimulation was used to study the synaptic plasticity in adult mice hippocampal slices, and the effects of bicuculline at different concentrations on mlPSC, IPSC, fEPSP and LTP induction were evaluated. Results Bicuuclline at 10 and 20 μmol/L abolished mIPSC and IPSC currents. The action of 20 μmol/L bicuuclline were more obviously. The slope of fEPSPs were significantly enhanced by application of bicuculline at 20 μmol/L, but not at 5 or 10 μmol/L. In the presence of 5, 10, 20 and 50 μmol/L bicuculline, LTP of the fEPSP slope following 100 Hz tetanization was enhanced, but the increment was significant only for 10 and 20 μmol/L bicuculline (P<0.05). Conclusion Bicuculline can abolish GABAA receptor-mediated inlaibition and affect the excitatory postsynaptic potential in a dose-dependent manner, and at a critical level, bicuculline induces GABAergic disinhibition to result in enhanced LTP in hippocampal slices.

OBJECTIVETo study the possible mechanism of aqueous extract of detoxified cottonseeds (CTN-W).

METHOD AND RESULTCTN-W 0.01, 0.03, 0.10, 0.30 mg.mL-1 was incubated directly with the synaptic membrane extracted from the cerebral cortex in rats, and adenylyl cyclase (AC) activity was detected by using radio-immunoassay.

RESULTShowed that CTN-W could activate AC in a dose-dependend manner. After incubation with PC12 cells in the presence of corticosterone 2 x 10(-4)mol.L-1 for 48 h, CTN-W 0.08, 0.4, 2 mg.mL-1 protected PC12 cells from the lesion induced by corticosterone.

CONCLUSIONAntidepressant and anxiolytic effects of CTN-W are related with the activation of AC-cAMP pathway in signal transduction system, thus protecting neurons from the lesion. These two aspects maybe partly form the mechanism of CTN-W's action.

Adenylyl Cyclases ; metabolism ; Animals ; Anti-Anxiety Agents ; pharmacology ; Antidepressive Agents ; pharmacology ; Corticosterone ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Gossypium ; chemistry ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; PC12 Cells ; drug effects ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Synaptic Membranes ; enzymology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the optimum phase and dose of pharmaco-serum of diabetic rats fed with Qianggubao decoction ([Chinese characters: see text]) on the differentiation and mineralization of osteoblast (OB). METHODS (OB) was isolated from the skull of 10 newly born SD rats aged 1 to 2 days by means of Trypsin-collagenase digestion. After the OB was identified, different kinds of pharmaco-serum of diabetic rats fed with inactive Qianggubao decoction ([Chinese characters: see text]) of different phase (rats were fed with medicine three days or five days after last fed with medicine one hour or three hours) and concentration (5%, 10%, 20%) were added to the OB and incubated. After 7 days and 18 days of culture,the effects of the differentiation and mineralization of osteoblast were detected.

RESULTSThe secretion of ALP and formation of mineralized nodules of osteoblast in the different doses of pharmaco-serum groups were almost the same as that of normal control group, but were superior to that in the model control group. And the group with concentration of 20% pharmaco-serum was the best in the secretion of ALP and formation of mineralized nodules of osteoblast. As to the phases of pharmaco-serum, the best one on the differentiation and mineralization of osteoblast was the serums from diabetic rat-model fed with Qianggubao decoction ([Chinese characters: see text]) three days or five days, after one hour of last fed with medicine.

CONCLUSIONThe pharmaco-serum of diabetic rats fed with Qianggubao decoction ([Chinese characters: see text]) can promote the differentiation and mineralization of osteoblast. Allow for time and the cost of experiment,we presume that pharmaco-serum of diabetic rats fed with Qianggubao decoction ([Chinese characters: see text]) three days, after one hour of last fed, with concentration of 20% and not-inactivation is the optimum on the differentiation and mineralization of osteoblast.

Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Diabetes Complications ; drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Osteoblasts ; drug effects ; enzymology ; physiology ; Osteoporosis ; drug therapy ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serum ; drug effects ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics of R bone age, C bone age, and T bone age in children with different causes of short stature based on the Tanner and Whitehouse skeletal age assessment system 2 (TW2), and to provide a reference for the etiological diagnosis of short stature.

METHODSThree hundred and sixty-three children with previously untreated short stature were classified into four groups according to the causes: growth hormone deficiency (GHD; 27 cases), idiopathic short stature (ISS; 280 cases), small for gestational age (SGA; 41 cases), and Turner syndrome (TS; 15 cases). The X-ray films of their left hand-wrist bones were taken to determine the bone age. R bone age, C bone age, and T bone age were assessed by the TW2 method and compared with their chronological age (CA).

RESULTSR bone age, C bone age, and T bone age were over 2 years less than CA in both boys and girls from the GHD group. In the ISS group, R bone age, C bone age, and T bone age were about 1 year less than CA in boys, while there were no significant differences between the bone ages and CA in girls. In the SGA group, there were no significant differences between the bone ages and CA in either boys or girls. In the TS group, R bone age and T bone age were significantly lower than CA, while there was no significant difference between C bone age and CA.

CONCLUSIONSThe children with different causes of short stature have different characteristics of R bone age, C bone age, and T bone age assessed by the TW2 method. The assessment of R bone age, C bone age, and T bone age by the TW2 method is helpful for the etiological diagnosis of short stature in children.

Adolescent ; Age Determination by Skeleton ; Body Height ; Child ; Female ; Growth Disorders ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of neurogulin-1 (NRG1) on the transmission and plasticity of CA1 synapses in mouse hippocampal slices at different temperatures.

METHODSUnder room temperature (26-/+1 degrees C) or physiological temperature (32-/+1 degrees C), field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) evoked by extracellular microelectrode recording technique was recorded in the CA1 region in adult mouse hippocampal slices, and the long-term potentiation (LTP) was induced by high frequency stimulation (HFS). The effects of NRG1 on the baseline fEPSP and induction of LTP in CA1 region were observed.

RESULTSNo significant variation in the slope of fEPSP relative to the baseline fEPSP was observed after perfusion with NRG1 at room temperature or physiological temperature (P > 0.05). After HFS at the room temperature, the mean slope of fEPSP in the slices perfused with NRG1 was similar to that of the control group (P > 0.05), but HFS at the physiological temperature resulted in significant reduction in the mean slope of fEPSP in the slices perfused with NRG1 (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONNRG1 may temperature-dependently inhibit the induction of LTP in the CA1 region in mouse hippocampal slices.

Animals ; Hippocampus ; physiology ; Long-Term Potentiation ; physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neuregulin-1 ; physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; physiology ; Synaptic Transmission ; physiology ; Temperature

Objective To study the changes in Bcl-2/adenovirus EIB 19kD-interacting protein 3(BNIP3)expression in the hippocampus of rats following transient forebmin ischemia. Methods Ten adult male Wistar rats were randomized into sham operation group(n=5)andischemia-rcperfosion group(n=5),and the rats in the latter group were subjectedto global ischemia for 15 min followed by repeffusion for 72 h.Nissl's staining was used to examine the neuronal death in the hippocampus induced by global brain isehemia.Another 14 adult male Wistar rats Were randomly divided into 3 groups,namely group 1 with sham operation(n=4),group 2 with global cerebral isehemia followed by reperfusion for 1 h(n=5),and group 3 with global isebemia and reperfusion for 6 h(n=5).All the rats were sacrificed to examine BNIP3 expression in the hippocampus using Western blotting. Results Compared with the sham operation group,the ischemia-reperfusion(72 h)group showed obvious neuronal death in the hippoeampal Cal region,where the neurons presented with irregular shape,cell shrinkage and nuclear fragmentation. BNIP3 monomer expression significantly increased in the hippocampus after isehemia-reperfusion in comparison with that in the sham operation group(P<0.05),but the length of reperfusion time(1 and 6 h)did not significantly affected BNIP3 monomer expression (2.543±0.473vs3 2.942±0.777,P>0.05).No significant difference was found in the expression level of BNIP3 dimers between the sham operation, ischemia-reperfusion 1 h and 6 h groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The expression of BNIP3 is up-regulated in the hippocampus of rats with transient forebrain ischemia.

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of recombinant adenovirus-mediated human cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (hCGPx) gene transfection on vascular endothelial cells ECV304 from oxidative damage.

METHODSpGEM-T Easy Vector containing hCGPx cDNA and recombinant adenovirus shuttle plasmid pACCMV-pLpA were used to construct the shuttle plasmid pACCMV-hCGPx for cotransfection of 293 cells with pJM17, thereby to obtain the recombinant adenovirus AdCMV-hCGPx. Cultured ECV304 cells were transfected with AdCMV-hCGPx for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively, with the cells transfected with the empty vector serving as control, and hCGPx gene expression was then examined in the transfected cells. The transfected cell viability and apoptotic cell ratio were evaluated after treatment of the cells with H(2)O(2).

RESULTSThe expression ratio of hCGPx gene was significantly higher in the AdCMV-hCGPx-transfected cells than in those with empty vector transfection (P<0.01). The hCGPx gene-transfected cells showed significantly higher viability and significantly lower apoptotic ratio than the control cells following challenge with H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative damage.

CONCLUSIONhCGPx gene transfer mediated by recombinant adenovirus protects the vascular endothelial cells from oxidative damage in vitro, possibly due to the antioxidative and apoptosis-inhibiting effect of hCGPx.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cytosol ; enzymology ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Genetic Vectors ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Time Factors ; Transfection