Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; diagnosis

score, prostate volume and peak urinary flow rate, correlate with BPH, but not with nocturia. Keeping a detailed urinary diary for the patients is beneficial for elucidating their urinary function and in decision-making of their treatment regimen.

Genetic Heterogeneity ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

Objective To explore a simple and effective way of establishing a mice orthotopic tracheal transplantation model in studying bronchiolitis obliterans to reduce operation time. Methods Tracheas from C57BL/6 mice (n=30) were im?planted into Balb/c mice (n=30). Grafts and hosts were matched according to body weight.Orotracheal intubation and endo-stentwas used for trachea anastomose and animal model was establish. Operating time was also noted. Grafts were harvest?ed on Days 15, 30 and 60 after transplantation, using HE staining to observe pathological changes of allograft. Trachea block?ing rate was also calculated. Results Until survival of trachea transplantation, the operative time of donor′s and the recipi?ent′tracheas resection were (7.0±1.0) min and (7.0±1.0) min respectively.Orotracheal intubation the endo-stentestablish?ment cost(1 ± 0.5)min. Trachea anastomose took(20.0 ± 4.0)min and the operation time last(43.0 ± 10.0)min. Conclusion The improvement of orthotopic tracheas transplantation usingOrotracheal intubation the endo-stenfor trachea anastomose is esay-operated and did required complicate skills and instruments with high successful rate. So it is an ideal and stable model in studying bronchiolitis obliterans.

Strong inhibition of Bacillus subtilis strain NJ-18 on mycelia growth of Alternaria solani was observed in the antagonistic tests by cylinder plate methods, and the inhibition width was 21.5 mm. Observation under microscope found that the supernatant of fermentation from NJ-18 could make the pathogen hyphae cells malformed and swelled, and consequently the growth of the pathogen was inhibited. Determining of the colonization in potato plants by the signed rifampicin-resistance in NJ-18 showed that it could colonize well in the plants, the colonization quantity of NJ-18 in the root and stem of the potato detected 30 days after fermentation irrigation was 103 CFU/g plant’s fresh weight. In pot experiment, we inoculated the tomato plants with the spore suspensions of Alternaria solani after spraying the fermentation of NJ-18, the results were investigated in 14 days and the efficacy in controlling the disease was 72.9%, which was significantly higher than 45.7%, the efficacy resulted from spray treatment of 2000 fold dilution of 50% iprodione wetable powder.

Objective To study the diagnosis and management of extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma.Methods A retrospective clinical study was done on 33 patients of extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma treated at our department.Results Extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma accounted for 16.2％ (33/204) of all pheochromocytoma patients admitted between Jan 2005 and Dec 2012.There were 13 males and 20 females.The mean age at diagnosis was 45 years,with a range from 17 to 81 years.14 patients were hospitalized for abdominal discomfort,8 patients suffered from typical hypertension symptoms including headache and dizziness and blurred vision,one of bladder pheochromocytoma was found paroxysmal hypertension and 10 patients had no obvious clinical symptoms.All the patients underwent CT scan,and 8 extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma were discovered.11 patients were given circulation expansion therapy.Most of the tumors were located at bladder(3 case),renal hilus (7 case) and para-aorta(23 case).There were two patients with multiple tumors.In 26 cases,blood pressure fluctuated when touching tumor during operation.All the patients were treated with surgical operation.Except for 1 biopsy,32 patients underwent total resection of tumor including a case combined resection with left kidney and a case with the spleen.There were no perioperative mortality.Postoperative follow up showed very good prognosis,with no death.Conclusions Compared with imaging examination,clinical manifestations and laboratory tests were less evaluable for the diagnosis of extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma.Proper preoperative preparation and precise operation is essential for the prognosis.

Streptozotocin-induced diabetic model was prepared in Wistar rats and the blood glucose levels were controlled at 3 levels of＜10,10-14 mmol/L or＞16.7 mmol/L by insulin,and changes of glucose transporter(GLUT)1 and 3 protein expressions of brain were observed in control rats and diabetic rats with different blood glucose levels by immunohistochemistry.The results showed that chronic hyperglycemia could decrease the protein expressions of GLUT 1 and GLUT3.

OBJECTIVETo discuss whether asiaticosides could effectively reduce the endothelial cell damage as a biochemical modulator, so as to further inhibit the post-stenting intima-media membrane hyperplasia.

METHODHuman aortic smooth muscle cells and aortic fibroblasts were selected and divided into the blank group, the rapamycin group and the asiaticoside group and the rapamycin and asiaticoside group. The expressions of muscle cells and fibroblasts TGF-beta1, Smad7 and I-collagen gene were determined by RT-PCR. The expression quantity of I-collagen protein was assayed by ELISA. The coefficient of drug interaction (CDI) between rapamycin and asiaticoside was calculated. Additionally, 16 Chinese mini-swines were randomly divided into group A and group B. One sirolimus drug-eluting stent of the same type was implanted after the high-pressure pre-expansion of anterior descending artery balloon. After the operation, the group A was intravenously injected with normal saline 30 mL x d(-1). Whereas the group B was intravenously injected with asiaticoside 30 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)(diluted to 30 mL). The expressions of plasma vWF of the two groups were measured at the 7th and 14th days after the operation. At the 28th day after the operation, tissues of the stented vessel segments were sliced and stained to calculate the vessel area, inner stent area, lumen area and neointima area

RESULTCompared with the control group, the combination group showed significant up-regulation in smooth muscle cells and fibroblast Smad7 gene, down-regulation in TGF-beta, and obvious inhibition of I-collagen gene expression (P < 0.01). As for smooth muscle cells, there was no difference in the expression of I-collagen between the combination group and the rapamycin group, with CDI at 0. 83. As for fibroblasts, there was a significant difference in the expression of I-collagen between the combination group and the rapamycin group (P < 0.05), with CDI at 0.77. Plasma vWF of the group B was significantly lower than that of the group A (P < 0.05) at the 7th and 14th days after the operation. At the 28th day after the operation, no difference was observed in vessel area and stent area between the two groups. However, the lumen area in the group B was significantly larger than that of the group A(P < 0.05), and the neointima area of the group B was significantly smaller than that of the group A (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAs an effective biochemical modulator for rapamycin, asiaticosides could inhibit TGF-beta expression, significantly decrease the synthesis and secretion of extracellular matrix, further inhibit the post-stenting intima-media membrane hyperplasia and reduce the endothelial cell damage by effectively up-regulate the expression of Smad7 protein.

Animals ; Collagen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Coronary Restenosis ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; surgery ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Smad7 Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Stents ; adverse effects ; Swine ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Triterpenes ; administration & dosage

Objective　To evaluate the real-life clinical characteristics of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients with moderate and severe enlarged prostate.　Methods　From February 2009 to January 2011,a prospective,non-interventional,multi-center study was conducted on 2 758 BPH patients recruited from 32 hospitals in 10 cities nationwide with the following criteria:prostate volume (PV) larger ≥30 ml and international prostate symptom score (IPSS) ≥ 8. Patient age,PV,IPSS,Qmax medical treatment patterns and physician prescription practice were recorded. The demographic information and clinic characteristics were evaluated as well.　Results　The mean patient age,PV,IPSS score and Qmax of 2 786eligible patients were 69.2 ±8.5 years (50 to 97 years),47.8 ±16.6 ml (30 to 165 ml),17.5 ±5.4 (8to 35 ) and 11.6 ± 3.6 ml/s (2 to 36 ml/s),respectively.Age subgroup analysis pointed that the mean PV and Qmax in 50 -55 years group were 42.8 ml and 13.3 ml/s compared to 49.0 ml and 11.1 ml/s in the group beyond 71 years.Both parameters had statistical significances (P ＜ 0.05 ). For 56.1％ of the patients,it was their first time coming to clinic seeking for medical advice. Of whom,22.8％ patients had taken BPH prescription medication regularly beyond two weeks.Only 31.3％ of the patients had a history of BPH shorter than one year.22.9％ and 18.3％ of the patients had a history of BPH for 1 -2 and 3 -4 years.And 27.5％　of the patients had a history of BPH related symptoms longer than five years. Only 52.6％ patients were treated with α adrenoceptor antagonists + 5-α reductase inhibitor by urologists according to the recommendation in Chinese guideline of BPH.　Conclusions　The symptoms and key parameters of moderate and severe benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients become worse and more with increased age in China.It is quite late for most patients coming to clinic seeking for their first medical advice.Furthermore,there is a huge gap between urologist prescription and the recommendation of the Chinese guideline on BPH.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Basilar Artery ; abnormalities ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Trigeminal Neuralgia ; etiology