Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; drug therapy ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal ; complications

Bacteremia ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pseudomonas Infections ; diagnosis

Objective To identify the glycometabolism features ofC57BL/Ksj db/+ mice at gestational period and provide the evidence for the mice used as the animal model of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods Ten C57BL/Ksj db/+ female mice and ten wild female mice were randomly selected and mated with wild male mice respectively.Day 3 before mating,days 6,11 and 17 of pregnancy,and day 6 after delivery represented pre pregnancy,early-pregnancy,mid-pregnancy,late-pregnancy and post-pregnancy periods,respectively.The levels of glucose tolerance and fasting insulin of female mice were compared at progestation,different gestational periods and puerperium between the two groups.Days 6,11,14,17 and 20 (before labor) of pregnancy served as five time-points of pregnancy,leptin levels of female mice of the two groups were dynamically monitored during pregnancy,and analyzed at different gestational ages.The data were analyzed by Tukey test of one-way ANOVA.Results (1) Compared with the normal pregnant mice,the levels of glucose tolerance of C57BL/Ksj db/+ female mice were significantly decreased,while the levels of fasting insulin were dramatically increased with the progression of pregnancy [day 6 of pregnancy,(8.6 ± 0.6) mU/L vs (7.5 ±1.1) mU/L; day 11 of pregnancy,(9.8±0.6) mU/L vs (8.5± 1.1) mU/L; day 17 of pregnancy,(10.4±0.8) mU/L vs (9.9±0.5) mU/L; t=1.859,4.056 and 3.078,P=0.085,0.000 and 0.000] and recovered to the pre-pregnancy level after delivery.(2) The level of leptin in serum of C57BL/Ksj db/+ pregnant mice was significantly higher than that at non-pregnant period [pre-pregnancy and days 6,11,14,17 and 20 of pregnancy:(911.0±238.8) ng/L,(1 342.2± 132.3) ng/L,(1 821.9±238.2) ng/L,(1 816.3± 142.3) ng/L,(1 752.4± 126.6) ng/L,and (1 926.4±61.6) ng/L,respectively; t=3.887,8.210,8.161,7.585 and 9.153,P=0.005,0.000,0.000,0.000 and 0.000],but showed no apparent change with the gestational ages after mid-gestation.Conclusion Changes of glycometabolism and the levels of leptin and insulin of C57BL/Ksj db/+ pregnant mice during pregnancy are similar to those of GDM patients,the levels of fasting insulin are dramatically increased with the progression of pregnancy,and return to normal after delivery,the level of leptin is higher than that at non-pregnant period,but is not correlated with the gestational ages.C57BL/Ksj db/+ pregnant mice can be used as the animal model of GDM.

Objective To enrich pancreatic cancer stem cells through culturing mammospheres, and to detect the expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) and a disintegrin and metalloprotease 9 (ADAM9) and investigate their significance. Methods PANC1 cells were cultured in serum-free conditioned medium to continuously generate mammospheres, and parts of mammospheres were cultured on a collagen substratum to induce differentiation. Mammospheres cells and differentiated cells were collected, flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of side population (SP) cells, and the expressions of EGFR, ADAM9 mRNA and protein were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting. Results PANC1 cells mammospheres were successfully generated and could be passed continuously. After differentiation, mammospheres cells could regain the ability of adherent growth. The proportion SP cells in mammospheres cells and differentiated cells were ( 5.40 ± 0.38 ) % and (2.80 ± 0.42 ) %, and the difference was statistically significant ( P ＜ 0. 05 ).Compared with differentiated cells, the expression of EGFR and ADAM9 mRNA of mammospheres cells upregulated 2.5 and 3.0 folds ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). The expressions of EGFR and ADAM9 protein of mammospheres cells were 0.90 ± 0. 09 and 0.64 ± 0.07, which were significantly higher than those in differentiated cells (0.62 ±0.11 and 0.48 ±0.09, P ＜0.05). Conclusions Mammosphere cells contained higher proportion of pancreatic cancer stem cells. ADAM 9 may play an important role in the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer through the EGFR signaling pathway.

AIM:To investigate efficacy of ranibizumab combined with laser treatment for patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and macular edema.METHODS: We selected 67 patients (67 eyes) with BRVO and macular edema in our hospital from March 2013 to June 2016, they were randomly divided into observation group (n=31) and control group (n=36).The observation group was treated with ranibizumab combined with laser treatment.The control group was treated with macular grid photocoagulation.We observed best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), centre macular thickness (CMT) and macular leakage of two groups.RESULTS: The BCVA of observation group at 1, 2 and 3mo after treatment were 0.41±0.07, 0.42±0.05 and 0.48±0.05, significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05).The CMT of observation group at 1, 2 and 3mo after treatment were 203.11±59.13μm, 201.41±56.22μm and 204.22±60.13μm, significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05).The blood vessel leakage of observation group at 3mo after treatment was significantly better than that of the control group (P<0.05).No leakage ratio in the observation group was 71%.There were no postoperative infection, aseptic endophthalmitis and other complications in the two groups.CONCLUSION: Ranibizumab combined with laser treatment in patients with BRVO and macular edema has better curative effect, can improve the visual acuity of patients, eliminate macular edema, and is safe and reliable.

Objective:To determine berberine and palmatine in Phellodendron chinense Schneid.and its granules.Methods: The reversed-phase ion pair high performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC) was used and the validation of the method was tested.The chromatography condition was with Lichrospher C18 column(4.6 mm?250 mm,5 ?m), mobile phase was ACN∶25 mmol/L NaH 2PO 4∶25 mmol/L SDS(2∶1∶1),flow speed was 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 345 nm,and temperature of column was 25℃,Phellodendron chinense Schneid.and its granules were extracted with methanol solution of hydrochloric acid.Results: The theoretical plate number of berberine and palmatine were 14 906 and 14 847,the resolution were 2.33 and 2.86,the tailing factor were 1.09 and 1.06,respectively; all the parameters were suitable for determination.The calibration curves were linear in the range of 40-500 ng,Y=698 278X-3 846,r=1.000(berberine) and 20-250 ng, Y= 536 632X- 7 738, r=0.999 9,r=0.999 4(palmatine).The intra-day and inter-day precision(RSD) at low,middle and high injection amount was all less than 2.5%(berberine) and 1.5%(palmatine).The stability(RSD) was 0.66%(berberine) and 0.70% (palmatine) in 48 h.The recurrence(RSD,n=5) was 0.11%(berberine) and 0.12%(palmatine).The limits of detection was 2.0 ng(berberine) and 1.0 ng(palmatine).The recoveries were 100.4% (RSD=0.12%,n=3) for berberine and 99.80%(RSD=0.22%,n=3) for palmatine.The contents of berberine and palmatine in 3 batch of Phellodendron chinense Schneid.and 5 batch of its granules were determined.Conclusion: Our method can be used for determination of berberine and palmatine in Phellodendron chinense Schneid.and its granules, which is simple and reliable.

Calcaneus ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Radiography ; Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Young Adult

INDENA SPA Company in Italy is a multi-national company that produces and sells plant extracts. Based on its own re- search advantages in the field of Ginkgo biloba preparation, the company protects its own products market effectively through building patent portfolio around the patents of its opponent. Based on the multi-angle analysis for patent portfolio of G. biloba preparation from the aspects of application time, legal status, technical development route, and patent portfolio layout, this article provides technical reference on research and development of G. biloba preparation, and the author suggest that Chinese applicants learn techniques and layout experiences of other patents fully to enhance the level of research and patent protection level.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; economics ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Italy ; Patents as Topic ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; economics ; isolation & purification

Objective To explore the relationship between nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B) and(P-glycoprotein)((P-gp)) on K562/A02 cells.Methods NF-?B and P-gp of K562/A02 cells cultured with PDTC in different concentrations and time were detected by immunohisochemisty,and the relationship between them was analyzed.Results In K562/A02 cells,the expression of NF-?B and P-gp were positively correlated,and were concentration-dependent and the time dependent.Conclusion The mechanism of NF-?B regulating anti-apoptosis of K562/A02 cells is related with MDR1.

0.05), while those of HBV DNA and ALT coincided poorly (P