A comparison of the volatile compounds in Rhizomes Curcumae (Ezhu) and Radix Curcumae (Yujin) was undertaken using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Ultrasonic extraction and GC-MS methods were developed for the simultaneous determination of five sesquiterpenes,namely,α-pinene,β-elemene,curcumol,germacrone and curdione,in Ezhu and Yunjin.Good linearity (r＞0.999) and high inter-day precision were observed over the investigated concentration ranges.The validated method was successfully used for the simultaneous determination of five sesquiterpenes in Ezhu and Yujin.The quantitative method can be effectively used to evaluate and monitor the quality of Chinese curcuma in clinical use.

A comparison of the volatile compounds in Rhizomes Curcumae （Ezhu） and Radix Curcumae （Yujin） was undertaken using gas chromatography mass spectrometi-y （GC-MS）. Ultrasonic extraction and GC-MS methods were developed for the simultaneous determination of five sesquiterpenes, namely, α-pinene, β-elemene, curcumol, germacrone and curdione, in Ezhu and Yunjin. Good linearity （r〉0.999） and high inter-day precision were observed over the investigated concentration ranges. The validated method was successfully used for the simultaneous determination of five sesquiterpenes in Ezhu and Yujin. The quantitative method can be effectively used to evaluate and monitor the quality of Chinese curcuma in clinical use.

Sepsis is an organ dysfunction that endangers a patient's life caused by an imbalanced infection response, and is a clinically critical illness. Despite a deep understanding of the pathogenesis of sepsis, there has been no significant improvement in sepsis mortality during clinical treatment at home and abroad. In recent years, the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of sepsis has become a new research point in the field of medical research. Autophagy may protect the body by removing pathogenic microorganisms, neutralizing microbial toxins, and regulating cytokine release in sepsis. Studies have shown that autophagy plays a role in heart and lung organ dysfunction and inflammatory immune response in sepsis. Studies have also shown that hydrogen sulphide (H 2S) can activate autophagy through multiple signaling pathways, such as adenylate-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin (AMPK/mTOR), phosphoinositide 3 kinase/Akt/mTOR (PI3K/Akt/mTOR), liver kinase B1/STE20 related adapter protein/mouse protein 25 (LKB1/STRAD/MO25) and microRNA-30c (miR-30c), etc. signaling pathways. This article reviewed the effects of H 2S on autophagy-related genes Beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein light 3 chain (LC3) on intestinal function of sepsis in order to explore the H 2S-mediated autophagy gene expression in pus. The protective role of autophagy gene for intestinal dysfunction provides a new strategy for the treatment of sepsis in the future.

In China， about 100 million people currently have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. At the same time， COPD is a multisystem disease， not only affecting the function of musculoskeletal， cardiovascular， kidney and immune systems in patients， but also causing intestinal dysfunction as its extrapulmonary manifestations. From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， after COPD is formed， deficiency， phlegm stasis and toxicity were accumulated in the lungs， which leads to dysfunction of lung in dispersing and descending， and eventually causes ascending and descending disorder of Qi activities， disorder of fluid supply and distribution， and stagnation of blood stasis. The viscera disease would affect the bowels， and the large intestine is thus affected. Modern medical discovers that， the lungs and intestines have common origins and similar physiological structures， in pathological circumstances， their common mucosal immune system may lead to similar immune factors and inflammatory manifestations in the lungs and intestines. At the same time， the studies have confirmed that there is also a close relationship between intestinal flora and lung， that is "lung-gut axis". These theories partially illustrate the mechanism of COPD in inducing intestinal injury. The specific manifestations of COPD intestinal dysfunction， ① Flora disorder， with increased abundance of intestinal gram-negative bacilli， and inhibited reproduction of Bifidobacterium， Lactobacillus and short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria. ② Intestinal barrier damage： characterized by the destruction of intestinal epithelium tight connectivity， increased intestinal permeability， and thinning of the mucus layer. ③ Intestinal motility disorder： mostly manifested as weight loss and malnutrition. At present， for the intestinal dysfunction in COPD patients， most of the relevant discussions and targeted treatment methods in TCM are scattered and unsystematic. Guided by the idea of treating different diseases with the same treatment， we summarized the etiology and pathogenesis of COPD intestinal dysfunction by learning from the experience of TCM in treating intestinal flora disorders and inflammatory bowel disease， and proposed preliminary formulation with Tiaoqi Qushi，Tongfu Tongluo as its basic treatment principles in this paper， hoping to provide new ideas for the treatment of COPD.