Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and perinatal outcome of early-onset intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).Methods A total of 305 ICP cases were collected in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between June 2006 and May 2012.According to the onset time of ICP,patients were divided into early-onset ICP group (onset time ＜ 28 gestational weeks) and lateonset ICP group (onset time ≥28 gestational weeks).The late-onset ICP group was further divided into 28-31 +6 gestational weeks and ≥32 gestational weeks according to the onset time.The biochemical indices and perinatal outcome of each group were assessed.Results (1) When the diagnosis was made for the first time,the maternal serum concentrations of total bile acid (TBA) and total bilirubin (TBIL) in early-onset ICP group were (41 ±9) and (32 ±9) μmol/L,respectively; while TBA and TBIL in late-onset ICP group were (32 ± 6) and (22 ± 9) μmol/L,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).(2) There was no significant difference in alanine aminotran-sferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) between early-onset ICP group and late-onset ICP group (P ＞ 0.05).The ALT of early-onset ICP group and late-onset ICP group were (159 ± 50) and (145 ± 52) U/L,respectively; and AST were (151 ±49) and (138 ± 44) U/L,respectively.(3) The early-onset ICP group had significant higher (P ＜ 0.05) incidence of meconium staining (18.8％ vs.7.4％),fetal distress (22.9％ vs.8.9％),newborn asphyxia (14.6％ vs.5.4％),premature delivery (33.3％ vs.15.6％),developing into severe ICP (41.7％ vs.25.3％) and cesarean section (91.7％ vs.78.6％) when compared to the late-onset ICP group.No significant difference in the incidence of premature delivery,developing into severe ICP and cesarean section was found between the two types of late-onset ICE (4) There was significant differences in average birth weight and gestational weeks at delivery between the two groups [early-onset ICP group:(3113 ± 443) g and (36.3 ± 2.6) weeks] ; late-onset ICP group:[(3513 ± 450) g and (37.7 ±1.6) weeks].Conclusion The early-onset ICP patients presented worse clinical manifestations than lateonset ICP patients,and early-onset ICP is more likely to lead to premature delivery and fetal distress.

Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mucin-1 ; metabolism ; Perineum ; pathology ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; metabolism ; Sarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Antigens ; chemistry ; Fixatives ; chemistry ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Immunohistochemistry ; methods ; Microwaves ; Staining and Labeling ; methods

Aged ; Antigens, CD20 ; analysis ; Gene Rearrangement ; Humans ; Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains ; genetics ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymph Nodes ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Viral ; analysis ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta ; genetics ; Reed-Sternberg Cells ; metabolism ; pathology

italic>α-Conotoxin ArIB[V11L,V16D] is currently the most optimal selective inhibitor of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) known. In order to explore chemical modification methods and enrich its application in targeting nAChR, this study utilized the linker to covalently connect camptothecin and 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin to the [2,4] disulfide bond of ArIB[V11L,V16D]. Therefore, two peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs), ArIB[V11L,V16D]-5 and ArIB[V11L,V16D]-6, and one fluorescent-labeled peptide, ArIB[V11L,V16D]-7 were constructed. Cytotoxicity evaluation showed that the IC₅₀ values against non-small cell lung cancer cell line A549 of the two PDCs were respectively 1.3 and 4.1 times of camptothecin, indicating slight reduction in activity at the cellular level which was related to the linker structure. Fluorescence spectrum scanning revealed that the excitation and emission wavelength of the fluorescent-labeled peptide were 340 nm and 403 nm respectively, and the fluorescence features of 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin as a marker were retained without fluorescence quenching. This modification strategy laid a solid foundation for the further application of α-conotoxin ArIB[V11L,V16D] in PDCs and fluorescent probes.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of granulocytic sarcoma (GS).

METHODSThe morphological and immunological characteristics of 12 cases of GS were studied. FAB classification was made by peripheral blood, bone marrow picture and bone marrow biopsy assay.

RESULTSAll of the 12 cases presented with lymphadenopathy and soft tissue mass. Histologically, the tissue infiltration of GS was composed of blastic cells with round to oval nuclei showing an even, pale chromatin pattern. Some with cleaved or notched nuclei. There were prominent nucleoli and scant cytoplasm in the cells and mitosis was easily found. Immunohistochemically, CD(45) and lysozyme were positive in all of the cases, MPO in 11 (92%), CD(68) in 10 (83%), CD(34) in 5 (42%), and TdT in 2 cases (17%). CD(15) and Mac387 were mainly expressed in mature granulocytes. Examination of bone marrow sections and marrow aspirate smears showed that out of the 11 cases tested 8 were AML-M(2), 2 AML-M(1) and 1 AML-M(0). Only 1 case was nonleukemic, ie. solitary granulocytic sarcoma.

CONCLUSIONGranulocytic sarcomas are difficult to identify in routine paraffin-embedded tissue sections and usually misdiagnosed as non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Immunohistochemistry study with a panel of antibodies in combination with bone marrow and peripheral blood examination are helpful in identification of granulocytic sarcoma.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD34 ; analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; analysis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sarcoma, Myeloid ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology

Antigens ; analysis ; Autoantigens ; analysis ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Citrates ; Female ; Formaldehyde ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Immunohistochemistry ; methods ; Iodide Peroxidase ; analysis ; Iron-Binding Proteins ; analysis ; Paraffin Embedding ; Receptors, Progesterone ; analysis ; Thyroid Gland ; immunology ; Tissue Fixation

Actins ; metabolism ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Melanoma-Specific Antigens ; metabolism ; Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Urinary Bladder ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Antigens ; analysis ; immunology ; Antigens, CD ; analysis ; immunology ; Formaldehyde ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; methods ; Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Paraffin Embedding ; methods ; Staining and Labeling ; Tissue Fixation ; methods

Adult ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; CD79 Antigens ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; PAX5 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Young Adult