OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the forensic application value of 30 insertion/deletion (InDel) loci included in Investigator DIPplex Kit in Han and She nationalities of Eastern China. METHODS: A total of 565 unrelated individuals in Han nationality and 119 ones in She nationality of Eastern China were investigated using Investigator DIPplex Kit. Allele frequencies, population genetics parameters of the 30 InDel loci were statistically calculated. RESULTS: In Han nationality, the mean Ho was 0.413 3, the mean DP was 0.551 1, the mean PIC was 0.320 0. And in She nationality, the mean Ho was 0.389 6, the mean DP was 0.543 3, the mean PIC was 0.310 0. No deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed in Han and She nationalities (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The 30 loci in Investigator DIPplex Kit show good genetic diversity in Han and She nationalities, and could be used as a supplemental tool for some special paternity cases.
Asian People/genetics* ; China ; Ethnicity/genetics* ; Female ; Forensic Genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Variation ; Genetics, Population ; Humans ; INDEL Mutation/genetics* ; Polymorphism, Genetic

Objective To establish a convenient,accurate and practical method for detection of adefovir dipivoxil resistance-as- sociated mutation in hepatitis B virus:rtA181V/T/S and rtN236T mutations.Methods According to HBV complete sequences in GenBank,two pairs of primers were designed to amplify the region of HBV reverse transcriptase in order to introduce a BglI restriction site upon PCR product of wild type (wt) and a BseDI restriction site upon PCR product of rt236 mutant type.After amplification,the PCR products were digested with BglI and BseDI separately.We used this method to detect wild,rt181 mu- tant,rt236 mutant plasmids and 3 chronic hepatitis B patients' serum with obvious ADV resistance-associated mutations.We also tested the sensitivity of this method by mixing the wild and mutant plasmids in different proportions.Results The method could detect rt181 and rt236 mutations simultaneously.The result of RFLP analysis was in accordance with that of DNA se- quencing and cloning analysis.This method could detect the mutants even when they comprised only 10% of the total virus population.Conclusions The PCR-RFLP method with high sensitivity can detect rt181 and rt236 mutations simultaneously.It can be used for early detection of ADV resistance-associated mutation in hepatitis B virus.

As forensic DNA typing experienced three generations of genetic marker researching stage, short tandem repeat (STR) has been widely used in forensic identification as a mature tool. Further exploration of the human genome led to the discovery of polymorphism markers of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and Insertion/Deletion (InDel). InDel, which combines the desirable characteristics of previous genetic markers as a new type of genetic marker, has got extensive concern in fields like medical molecular biology and forensic biology. This paper generally reviews the history of research and the corresponding results of InDel along the line of time axis as well as the different aims of these research focusing on the progress in the multiple amplification system with several InDel as the genetic marker (autosomal or X chromosome) in forensic biology and anthropology. Finally, the direction of research in this field and the problems to be solved have been put forward.
Chromosomes, Human, X/genetics* ; DNA/genetics* ; DNA Fingerprinting/methods* ; Forensic Genetics/methods* ; Genetic Markers ; Genetics, Population ; Genotype ; Humans ; INDEL Mutation/genetics* ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) in treating patients with lingual hemangioma (LHG).

METHODSEA therapy was applied on 36 patients by directly inserting the platinum needles into LHG through a trocar with plastic insulating cannula to protect the normal tissues and connecting the needles with the electro-chemical therapeutic apparatus of model ZAY-B. Then electricity was given until the tumor body got contracted and rigid. The result was assessed 6 months after EA was started.

RESULTSAll patients were treated effectively, namely, the effective rate was 100%, with the therapeutic effect reaching grade I in 29 patients (80.6%), grade II in 7 (19.4%), and all having the function of tongue recovered to normal.

CONCLUSIONEA shows special superiorities in treating LHG, proved to bring about less injury and quick recovery and being simple in operation. Especially when applied on huge LHG, it could not only remove the tumor, but also preserve the function of the tongue, so it is a brand-new approach that is likely to be accepted by patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Electroacupuncture ; methods ; Female ; Hemangioma ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Tongue Neoplasms ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Using of two-step integrating technology, transducted the H and L chain gene of humanized Fab fragment of anti-HB-sAg antibody into the genome of methylotropic yeast P. pastoris. Constructed a engineering yeast to produce humanized Fab fragment of the anti-HBsAg antibody. The Fab fragment was efficiently secreted into the medium at a concentration of 50-80 mg/L. The Fab fragment was purified from culturing supernatant of the recombinant yeas by affinity chromatography. The ELISA analysis showed the high affinity of the expressed humanized Fab fragment to the HBsAg.
Chromatography, Affinity ; Cloning, Molecular ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Pichia ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; isolation & purification

Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Nitrobenzenes ; pharmacology ; Radiation Tolerance ; drug effects ; Sulfonamides ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo determine the optimal position of hypoglossal nerve in hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis and the eligibility of hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis with the cervical loop.

METHODSThe cervical course and adjacent structures of the hypoglossal nerve were observed on 21 adult cadavers. The hypoglossal nerve and facial nerve were taken from 3 fresh specimens, and the number of the fasciculus and the cross-sectional area of the nerve were measured.

RESULTSThe facial nerve trunk were monofascicular with a cross-sectional area of 5.1-/+0.2 (range 4.6-5.7) mm(2). The number of the fasciculus and the cross-sectional areas of the nerve trunk and the fasciculus were 1.6-/+0.8 (range 1-4) mm(2) , 7.5-/+0.7 mm(2) (range 6.8-8.0) mm(2), and 4.7-/+0.6 (4.1-5.5) mm(2), respectively, at the proximal segment of the hypoglossal nerve, 3.6-/+0.5 (1-5) mm(2) , 5.6-/+0.5 (4.9-6.1) mm(2) , and 1.6-/+0.4 (0.9-2.2) mm(2) at the distal segment, and 2.4-/+0.8 (1-3) mm(2), 1.1-/+0.7 (0.6-2.2) mm(2), and 0.5-/+0.3 (0.3-1.2) mm(2) at the cervical loop.

CONCLUSIONThe cervical loop is inadequate for facial nerve anastomosis and the proximal segment is large enough to allow partial harvesting of the hypoglossal nerve for neurotisation of the facial nerve.

Anastomosis, Surgical ; methods ; Cadaver ; Facial Nerve ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypoglossal Nerve ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Nerve Transfer ; methods

OBJECTIVETo clarify expression and subcellular localization of XIAP and XAF1 protein in human normal oral keratinocytes (hNOK) and Tca8113 cells human tongue carcinoma cell line.

METHODSThe hNOKs and Tca8113 cells were cultured in vitro. Expression and subcellular localization of XIAP and XAF1 protein were examined by combination of indirect immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy.

RESULTSXIAP expression was weak in the hNOKs and fluorescence staining localized chiefly in the cytoplasm and perinuclear areas. In the Tca8113 cells, high level of XIAP protein could be detected in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. In the hNOKs, XAF1 distributed mostly in the nucleus. Homogeneous nuclear and cytoplasmic distribution of XAF1 could be visualized in the Tca8113 cells.

CONCLUSIONSIn cancerization of oral mucosa, XIAP protein could play an important antiapoptotic role by overexpression, while XAF1 protein does not appear to antagonize effectively the role of XIAP.

Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Keratinocytes ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mouth Mucosa ; cytology ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Tongue Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the safety and efficacy of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) intraoperative defibrillation threshold (DFT) measured by defibrillation safety margin (DSM).

METHODSFifty-two patients underwent ICD implantation were enrolled in this study (25 single chamber ICD, 23 double chamber ICD, 4 three chamber ICD). DFT was measured by DSM method. All patients were followup regularly.

RESULTSDFT was (13.27 ± 2.95) J and DSM was (17.40 ± 2.89) J in this patient cohort. There were no serious intraoperative complications. Malignant ventricular arrhythmia occurred in 38 patients post ICD, 469 episodes of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) were spontaneously terminated, 265 episodes were sustained VT and 245 (92.5%) episodes were successfully terminated by 1 antitachycardia pace treatment (ATP), 13 (4.89%) episodes successfully terminated by 2 ATP, and ATP failed to terminate VT in 7 (2.64%) episodes and VTs were terminated by low energy cardioversion. All 141 episodes of ventricular fibrillation (VF) were successfully identified, and 14 episodes spontaneously terminated before discharging, 127 VF episodes (91.34%) were terminated by 1 energy shock, defibrillation energy was (12.84 ± 3.18) J, 11 (12.2%) VF episodes were terminated by 2 energy shocks, defibrillation energy was (16.36 ± 2.34) J.

CONCLUSIONIt is safe and feasible to use defibrillation threshold measured by DSM for patients receiving ICD implantation.

Adult ; Aged ; Defibrillators, Implantable ; Equipment Safety ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intraoperative Care ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Ventricular Fibrillation ; physiopathology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo study the resistant rate of hepatitis B virus (HBV) to ADV and the dynamic evolution of HBV in lamivudine (Lam)-resistant chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.

METHODSTwenty-three Lam-resistant CHB patients were assigned to a 10mg/d ADV monotherapy for 68-116 weeks. The baseline and different time point blood samples after ADV monotherapy were analyzed for ADV-resistant mutations using direct sequencing of PCR products; the evolution of HBV mutations was examined by clonal analysis of serial samples from one patient infected with ADV-associated resistant HBV strains.

RESULTSThe cumulative incidence of genotypic ADV resistance at weeks 48 and 96 was 4.3% and 10.5% respectively respectively. The evolution analysis of HBV mutant strains in an ADV-resistant CHB patient showed that the proportion of YMDD mutants gradually decreased with rtA181S mutants increasing over time after ADV monotherapy, and that rtA181S+N236T mutants became the predominant strains during prolonged ADV monotherapy. The addition of Lam to the ongoing ADV treatment had poorer antiviral response in the patient with rtA181S or rtA181S+N236T mutant infection; one clone with multi-drug resistant mutations was selected during Lam and ADV combination therapy.

CONCLUSIONIncreased risk of adefovir resistance and selection of multi-drug resistant mutations are associated with long-term ADV monotherapy in patients with Lam-resistant chronic hepatitis B.

Adenine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Hepatitis B virus ; classification ; drug effects ; genetics ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; virology ; Humans ; Lamivudine ; pharmacology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphonates ; therapeutic use