AIMTo establish a new and simple flow injection method for the rapid determination of acetylspiramycin (ASPM).

METHODSASPM was determined by chemiluminescence (CL) method combined with flow injection (FI) technology, which was based on the inhibitive effect of ASPM on the chemiluminescence reaction of the luminol-K3Fe (CN)6 system.

RESULTSThe decrease of chemiluminescence intensity was proportional to the logarithm of ASPM concentration (0.1-100) microgram.L-1, the detection limit was 40 ng.L-1 (3 sigma). The whole process, including sampling and washing, could be completed in 0.5 min with a RSD less than 3.0% (n = 5).

CONCLUSIONThe FI-CL method is of both high sensitivity and good selectivity giving a throughput of 120 h-1. The proposed method was applied successfully to the determination of ASPM in pharmaceutical preparations and human urine without any pre-treatment. It was found that the ASPM concentration reached its maximum after being orally administrated for two hours.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; analysis ; blood ; urine ; Flow Injection Analysis ; Humans ; Luminescent Measurements ; Luminol ; chemistry ; Male ; Microchemistry ; Spiramycin ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; blood ; urine

Objective To explore the value of transesophageal doppler in transurethral resection prostate.Methods Thirty-six patients (aged 60-85 years, falling into ASA grade Ⅰ-Ⅲ) of benign prostatic hyperplasia for undergoing transurethral resection prostate were enrolled.Through multifunction monitor, CVP, Narcotrend index(NI) were monitored before anesthesia induction (T0), 20 minutes after anesthesia induction (T1), after irrigating fluid of 5 000 ml (T2) and 10 000 ml (T3) and 15 000 ml (T4) and 20 000 ml (T5).By transesophageal doppler, FTc(corrected flowtime), SV(stroke volume), ΔPV(peak flow vaviable quantity) were monitored at T1-T5.Results CVP at T1-T5 were not significantly changed compared with that at T0.Compared with T1, FTc, SV at T3-T5were significantly increased and ΔPV at T2-T5were significantly decreased (P<0.05).CVP levels correlated significantly with both FTc (r=0.702, P<0.01) and SV (r=0.595, P<0.01).CVP negatively correlated significantly with ΔPV (r=-0.351, P<0.05).Furthermore, FTc correlated significantly with the concentrationof Na+(r=0.672,P<0.01).No patient had serum sodium ion concentration less than 125 mmol/L.Conclusion FTc of transesophageal doppler is as accurate as central venous pressure in monitoring hemodynamic changes, and even more sensitive than CVP.It is useful in early diagnosis and treatment of TURS.

The epidemiological survey of prevalence of NIDDM (non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus) and IGT(impaired glucose tolerance)was conducted among 9450 residents aged 25～70 in some areas of Hubei Province, China. The results show that NIDDM and IGT prevalences are 2.62% and 4.48%, respectively. There is no significant difference between male and female (P>0.05). The NIDDM prevalence in cities is slightly higher than that in countryside, but the difference is not significant (P>0.05). However, the IGT prevalence in city is significantly higher than that in countryside (P<0.01). The prevalence of both NIDDM and IGT is increasing along with the age of the population. It is also significantly related to the family history of NIDDM, hypertension, and high body mass index (BMI). By using stepwise logistic regression to analyse the risk factors of NIDDM, age (OR=1.86),BMI(OR=2.69), family history (OR=2.84) and hypertension (OR=2.23) entered the model (significance level is α=0.05).

OBJECTIVETo study the feasibility and effect of substituting esophagus with stomach or colon without thoracotomy in the treatment of cervical esophageal carcinoma with laryngeal function preserved.

METHODSTwenty-four patients with cervical esophageal carcinoma were retrospectively reviewed. The esophagus was resected and substituted with 19 gastric pull-up and 5 colon interposition. Nineteen patients received radiotherapy postoperatively (dose 50 - 70 Gy).

RESULTSTwenty two patients were follow up over 3 years. The 3- and 5-year survival rates for T2 were 3 and 1, for T3, T4 8 and 3, respectively. The laryngeal function preservation rate was 77% (17/24) and the decannulation rate was 75% (12/16). The complication rate was 29%.

CONCLUSIONSurgical resection of cervical esophageal carcinoma with removal of the extraesophageal invaded tissues while preserving the laryngeal function is possible. The continuity of the esophagus is restored by stomach transposition and colon interposition. Combined with radiotherapy, the survival rate and life quality of the patient might be improved.

Adult ; Aged ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; mortality ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Esophagoplasty ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Larynx ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Survival Rate ; Thoracotomy

OBJECTIVETo construct the virus-like parcel expressing hepatitis B virus (HBV) C gene and identify its immunogenicity.

METHODSHBV C gene was cloned into the shuttle vector pSC11, and the resulted plasmid pSC11-C was transfected into modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA).

RESULTSpSC11-C was correctly constructed as verified by sequence analysis and PCR, and the recombinant virus-like parcel possessed good immunogenicity.

CONCLUSIONThe MVA-C expressing HBV C gene has been successfully constructed to provide important basis for gene therapy research of chronic HBV infection.

Genes, Viral ; Genetic Vectors ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens ; genetics ; Recombination, Genetic ; Vaccinia virus ; genetics

BACKGROUNDPDK1 is an essential protein kinase that plays a critical role in mammalian development. Mouse lacking PDK1 leads to multiple abnormalities and embryonic lethality at E9.5. To elucidate the role of PDK1 in the heart, we investigated the cardiac phenotype of mice that lack PDK1 in the heart in different growth periods and the alteration of PDK1 signaling in human failing heart.

METHODSWe employed Cre/loxP system to generate PDK1(flox/flox): α-MHC-Cre mice, which specifically deleted PDK1 in cardiac muscle at birth, and tamoxifen-inducible heart-specific PDK1 knockout mice (PDK1(flox/flox):MerCreMer mice), in which PDK1 was deleted in myocardium in response to the treatment with tamoxifen. Transmural myocardial tissues from human failing hearts and normal hearts were sampled from the left ventricular apex to analyze the activity of PDK1/Akt signaling pathways by Western blotting.

RESULTSPDK1(flox/flox): α-MHC-Cre mice died of heart failure at 5 and 10 weeks old. PDK1(flox/flox) -MerCreMer mice died of heart failure from 5 to 21 weeks after the initiation of tamoxifen treatment at 8 weeks old. We found that expression levels of PDK1 in human failing heart tissues were significantly decreased compared with control hearts.

CONCLUSIONOur results suggest that PDK1 signaling network takes part in regulating cardiac viability and function in mice, and may be also involved in human heart failure disease.

3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinases ; Adult ; Animals ; Female ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ; physiology ; Heart ; physiology ; Heart Failure ; enzymology ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Middle Aged ; Myosin Heavy Chains ; physiology ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Tamoxifen ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo review the operative technique of trephine arthrodesis of subtalar joints and evaluate its clinical effect.

METHODSFrom June 1998 to October 2006, we performed subtalar arthrodesis on 38 feet of 34 patients for a variety of painful disorders of hindfoot with trephine technique. Clinical and radiologic follow-up evaluations were performed for 45 months on average (range, 21 to 110 months) after arthrodesis.

RESULTSNo severe complications were found in this study except one patient with dropfoot and two with skin necrosis. The average ankle-hindfoot scores of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) was improved from 48.3 preoperatively to 79.2 postoperatively (P<0.05). The pain scores of visual analogue scales (VAS) decreased from 7.2 (range, 3 to 10) preoperatively to 2.6 (range, 1 to 6) postoperatively (P<0.05). Subjectively, the patients experienced improvements in pain, function, cosmesis, and shoewearing. Overall, 30 patients were satisfied and all patients would have this procedure again under similar circumstances. Postoperative radiology showed that complete union was found in 35 feet 6 months after operation, with the successful union rate of 92.1%. There was an increase in arthritic scores for 5 ankles, 4 talonavicular joints, 4 calcaneocuboid joints, and 4 midfoot joints. Nonunion occurred in 3 subtalar joints with anterolateral approach, which required revision arthrodesis.

CONCLUSIONIsolated subtalar arthrodesis with trephine method is an effective procedure for painful malalignment of hindfoot.

Adult ; Aged ; Arthrodesis ; adverse effects ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain Measurement ; Subtalar Joint ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction (HLJDD) in in vivo regulating differentiation of monocytes in an apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE(-/-)) mouse model, and to observe the effect of HLJDD-containing serum in in vitro regulating differentiation of macrophages and foam cells.

METHODSFifteen apoE(-/-) mice were randomly divided into the common diet group, the hyperlipidemia group, and the hyperlipidemia +HLJDD treatment group, 5 in each group. Mice in the common diet group were fed with a chow diet. Mice in the hyperlipidemia group were fed with high cholesterol wild diet (WD). Those in the hyperlipidemia +HLJDD treatment group were fed with high cholesterol WD supplemented with HLJDD. All mice were fed for 4 weeks. Five C57BL/6 wild types were recruited as the wild common diet control group. HLJDD was administered to mice in the hyperlipidemia + HLJDD treatment group by gastrogavage at the daily dose of 5 g/kg. Equal volume of purified water was given by gastrogavage to mice in the rest 3 groups. Four weeks later, subtypes of monocytes in the peripheral blood were detected by FACS. HLJDD administered to another 30 SD rats by gastrogavage at the daily dose of 5 g/kg, once for every 12 h for 5 times in total, thereby preparing 5% HLJDD containing serum to intervene the differentiation of in vitro primary bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) and foam cells. The M2 subtype surface receptor CD206 of macrophages and foam cells were detected by FACS. The expression of Nos2 and Arg1 genes were assayed by Real-time PCR.

RESULTSThe ratio of inflammatory subset of monocytes (Ly6C(high)) increased in the peripheral blood after ApoE(-/-) mice were fed with high fat diet for 4 weeks. HLJDD significantly decreased the ratio of inflammatory subset of monocytes (P < 0.05). Compared with the vehicle serum, 5% HLJDD containing serum significantly increased differentiation of CD206 + M2 BMDM (P = 0.034). Results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression level of Arg1 mRNA could be up-regulated by HLJDD containing serum (P < 0.05), and that of Nos2 mRNA down-regulated (P = 0.017). ox-LDL induced the differentiation of M2 subtype foam cells from BMDM, and HLJDD containing serum could further elevate the ratio of CD206 + M2 foam cells and increase the Arg1 mRNA expression level (both P < 0.01). HLJDD containing serum could inhibit the inversion of M2 subtype of foam cells to M1 subtype induced by Th1 factors, significantly elevate the Arg1 mRNA expression level, and decrease the Nos2 mRNA expression level (all P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSHLJDD could lower hyperlipidemia induced inflammatory monocyte subtype ratios in the peripheral blood of ApoE(-/-) mice. HLJDD containing serum promoted in vitro differentiation of M2 macrophages and foam cells. HLJDD attenuated and inhibited the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis induced by hyperlipidemia possibly through regulating the functional differentiation of monocytes, macrophages, and foam cells.

Animals ; Apolipoproteins E ; genetics ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Foam Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Macrophages ; cytology ; drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Monocytes ; cytology ; drug effects

Objective To evaluate the quality of life in pregnant women with hepatitis B positive and to explore its influencing factors. Methods Eighty pregnant women with positive hepatitis B were randomly selected from Jan. to Apr. 2018 in Jianyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital as the case group, and 323 normal pregnant women were selected as the control group. A face-to-face survey was conducted using the Concise Health Survey Scale SF-36. t test, ANOVA and multiple linear regression were used for statistical analysis. Results The scores of PF and RP in the case group were lower than those in the control group, and the scores of GH in the case group were higher than those in the control group. Analysis of the factors affecting the quality of life of the case group found that the more severe the early pregnancy reaction, the lower the quality of life score. Conclusions The PF and RP of pregnant women with hepatitis B positive in Jianyang City are worse than those of normal pregnant women. Comprehensive measures should be taken to improve their quality of life.

Objective: To investigate the application and therapeutic effect of external tissue expansion-assisted autologous fat grafting for delayed breast reconstruction. Methods: Patients began wearing the BRAVA negative pressure system 8 hours a day for recipient tissue expansion for one month before the fat grafting procedure. After fat grafting, BRAVA was recommended to be worn 8 hours a day from postoperative 48 hours to one month. The interval of each fat grafting procedure was 2.5 to 3.0 months. The procedures were repeated until the completion of breast reconstruction. Water-jet assisted liposuction and subcutaneous release of scars were also performed during surgery. Results: From January 2013 to November 2016, 29 patients were followed up for 12 to 58 months, with average of 31.6 months. 28 patients completed the external tissue expansion-assisted autologous fat grafting breast reconstruction. Completion required 1 to 6 procedures, with average of 3.4 procedures. The total initial fat fill volume for each breast was ranged from 200 to 1 000 ml, with average of 583.7 ml. The initial fat fill volume for each breast was ranged from 92.5 to 243.7 ml per operation, with average of 173.8 ml. One patient underwent latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap breast reconstruction after 3 fat grafting procedures. 8 patients completed the inframammary fold reconstruction, 3 patients underwent breast lift, 1 patient underwent lipofilling augmentation for the contralateral side. Postoperative satisfaction rate was 82.8% in patients and 75.9% in surgeon. Complication statistics: 5 cases of palpable nodules which recognized as fat necrosis (17.2%), one case of nontuberculous mycobacterial infection (3.4%) and one case of locoregional cancer recurrence (3.4%). Conclusions External tissue expansion-assisted autologous fat grafting is a minimally invasive procedure for breast reconstruction. Satisfactory results could be obtained for most of the patients who would like to choose fat grafting and have enough fat deposit in other parts of the body.