Adult ; Barotrauma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Hand Injuries ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paint

AIM: To study the effect of double gene transduction mediated by lentiviral vectors on the characteristics of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). METHODS: Using the backbone from inducibal dual and excisable transgene vector (iDuet101) , lentiviral vectors overexpressing cytotoxic T lymphocyte - associated molecule - 4 immuno-globulin (iDuet101 - CTLA4Ig) , indoleamine 2, 3 dioxygenase (iDuet101 - IDO) , and ubiquitin - C promoter - lueifer-ase - ires - puromycin ( ULIP) were constructed and packaged according to the standard recombinant techniques. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) were first transduced with iDuet101, iDuet101 - CTLA4Ig or iDuet101 - IDO, then, after the selection, were transduced again with ULIP. The expression and function of the exogenous genes were detected. Immu-nohistochemistry, RT - PCR and flow cytometry were applied for detection of embryoid bodies ( EB) formation in vitro and in vivo teratoma formation. RESULTS: Double - transduced hESCs showed typical shape of cell clones and positive staining of tumor rejection antigen -1 - 60 ( Tra -1 - 60 ) and octomer transcription factor - 4 ( OCT - 4 ). The formation of EB was observed, in which a - fetoprotein (AFP), paired box gene 6 ( Pax6) and Musashi 1 ( MSI1) were positively expressed. The cells formed teratomas, and the luciferase signals existed until 28 days after xeno - transplantation. CONCLUSION : Double transduction of non - transcriptional factors mediated by lentiviral vectors does not affect the cell growth rate and their differentiation ability.

Development of liver fibrosis is closely associated with angiogenesis and abnormal vascular remodeling. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of angiogenesis and vascular remodeling in fibrogenesis, the results that inhibition of angiogenesis is effective in suppression of liver fibrosis demonstrate that therapies with several molecular targets against angiogenesis, inflammation and fibrosis might be beneficial for the treatment of cirrhosis. However, there is some evidence that inhibition of angiogenesis can even worsen fibrosis. This article outlines recent advances regarding the interplay between inflammation, angiogenesis and fibrogenesis in terms of cellular and molecular mechanisms, and suggests a requirement of greater understanding to intervene in these key processes, such as liver sinusoidal endothelial cell fenestration and impact distinct chemokine actions driving monocyte migration and differentiation, for therapeutic benefit in the future.
Humans ; Inflammation ; therapy ; Liver Cirrhosis ; therapy ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; therapy ; Vascular Remodeling

The morbidity of diabetes has been increasing rapidly in recent years. Delayed wound healing has become a common complication in diabetes, which seriously affects the orthobiosis of patients. Exploring and finding the molecular mechanisms of diabetic wound healing and the effective therapies to promote wound healing have important clinical significances. Stem cells transplant has become a research hotspot in accelerating diabetic wound healing. This article reviewed the present approaches concerning stem cells transplant in diabetic wound healing both at domestic and abroad, and looked forward the clinical therapy of stem cells on diabetic wound healing.
Diabetes Mellitus ; therapy ; Humans ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Stem Cells ; Wound Healing

Objective To investigate the effect of angiotenisn ⅡI (Ang Ⅱ) on RIN-m β-cell,and to explore the mechanism of β-cell function impairment caused by Ang Ⅱ.Methods RIN-m cells were cultured with various concentrations of AngⅡ (0.1,1,10,100 nmol/L).After incubation for 24 hours,the basal(3.3 mmol/L) and glucose-stimulated(16.7 mmol/L) insulin secretion(GSIS)were detected by radioimmunoassay,mRNA and protein expressions of uncoupling protein 2(UCP2)were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot,respectively.The intracellular ATP content was measured by luciferase bioluminescence.The mitochondrial membrane potential and cellular Ca~(2+) concentration were detected by flow cytometry.Results (1) Various concentrations of Ang Ⅱ had no significant influence on the basal insulin secrection of RIN-m cell(F=0.644,P = 0.634).Except for 0.1 nmol/L AngⅡ,the other concentrations of Ang Ⅱ markedly reduced GSIS of RIN-m cells(F= 118.528,P = 0.000).(2) Compared with the control group,Ang Ⅱ significantly increased mRNA and protein expression of UCP2(F= 1 370,P = 0.000;F=675.175,P = 0.000).(3)Except for 0.1 nmol/L Ang Ⅱ,the other concentrations of Ang Ⅱ significantly decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential,cellular ATP content,and cellular Ca2+ concentration of RIN-m cell(F=4.035,P=0.008;F=3.353,P = 0.013;F=5.867,P = 0.001).Conclusion Ang Ⅱ impairs GSIS of p-cell,the mechanism of impairment may be interpreted that Ang Ⅱ can increase the expression of UCP2,furthermore,it can reduce mitochondrial membrane potential,decrease the content of cellular ATP and the concentration of cellular Ca~(2+),can finally impair the function of β-cell.

Objective To explore the prognostic effect of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging vascular hyperintensity (FVH)on intravenous thrombolysis of acute ischemic stroke.Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and imaging data of intravenous thrombolytic patients with acute anterior circulation infarction admitted from May 2009 to December 2013.The presence of FVH was evaluated,and its associations with reperfusion and clinical outcome after thrombolysis were assessed.Results Ninety-three patients were analyzed.FVH was detectable in 55 (59.1％) cases.Patients with FVH had higher NIHSS scores (11.8 ± 6.0 vs 7.2 ± 4.5,P ＜ 0.01),larger initial DWI lesions (5.5 ml vs 2.0 ml,Z =-3.030,P=0.002) and perfusion lesions (42.0 ml vs 3.0 ml,Z=-6.104,P =0.005),compared with those without FVH.The history of hyperlipidemia (OR =0.264,95％ CI 0.07-0.90,P =0.048) and proximal large vessel occlusion(OR =48.874,95％ CI 11.6-205.924,P ＜ 0.01) were independently associated with the presence of FVH.The presence of FVH independently predicted the poor neurological outcome at 3 months (OR =4.143,95 ％ CI 1.440-11.919,P =0.008).However,early reperfusion was associated with favorable outcome in patients with FVH after intravenous thrombolysis (OR =8.500,95％ CI 1.964-36.790,P =0.004).Conclusions The presence of FVH is associated with proximal large vessel occlusion,which predicts poor outcome in patients with intravenous thrombolysis.However,early reperfusion among patients with FVH can improve the outcome.

Objective To discover the risk factors of acute renal insufficiency(ARI) in perioperative of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods We took a retrospective study to analysis and summarize the clinical features of 33 ARI cases and 721 controls,all subjects were histopathologically confirmed NSCLC from January 2007 to October 2013.Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the association between the risk factors and ARI.Results There were significant differences between the two groups in operation age,level of preoperative creatinine,preoperative rehydration and the use of plasma substitutes.After adjustment by confounding factors,operation age older than 60 years old and the use of plasma substitutes had higher risk of ARI [adjusted OR was 2.93 (1.30-6.62),95 ％ CI was 6.04 (1.41-25.87),respectively].Preoperative rehydration was protective factor of ARI(adjusted OR was 0.37,95％ CI was 0.17-0.83).Conclusion Operation age (≥ 60 years old) and the use of blood substitutes are independent risk factors of ARI,while preoperative rehydration can reduce the incidence of ARI after surgery.

Objective To explore the influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with subclinical hypothyroidism on diabetic vascular complications.Methods One hundred and two patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected.The serum free triiodothyronine (FT3),free thyroxine (FT4),thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH),anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab),thyroglobulin antibody (TG-Ab) levels were measured by chemiluminescence method.The patients were divided into type 2 diabctes mellitus combined with subclinical hypothyroidism group (47 cases) and type 2 diabetes mellitus with normal thyroid function group (55 cases) according to the thyroid function.The glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c),total cholesterol (TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),triacylglycerol (TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),urea nitrogen,creatinine and albumin levels were measured.The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated according to the formula of modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD).The presence of diabetic retinopathy was examined by fundus examination,and the presence of lower limb artery lesions was measured by vascular ultrasound.All indicators were compared between 2 groups.Results There were no statistical differences in age,disease course,HbA1c,body mass index (BMI),TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,incidence of lower limb artery lesions and incidence of diabetic retinopathy between 2 groups (P＞ 0.05).TheeGRF in type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with subclinical hypothyroidism group was significantly lower than that in type 2 diabetes mellitus with normal thyroid function group:(83.74 ± 21.55) ml/(min· 1.73 m2) vs.(115.02 ± 12.29) ml/(min· 1.73 m2),and there was statistical difference (t =4.274,P ＜ 0.01).The incidence of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with subclinical hypothyroidism group was significanlty higher than that in type 2 diabetes mellitus with normal thyroid function group:48.9％ (23/47) vs.23.6％(13/55),and there was statistical difference (x2 =7.103,P＜ 0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that subclinical hypothyroidism was a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy (OR =0.524,95％ CI 0.12-0.93,P ＜ 0.05),but it was not the risk factor for diabetic retinopathy (OR =0.618,95％ CI0.19-2.16,P =0.475) and lower limb artery lesions (OR =0.485,95％ CI 0.32-2.13,P =0.689).Conclusion Subclinical hypothyroidism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus has no obvious effect on lower limb arterial complications and diabetic retinopathy,but may increase the risk of diabetic nephropathy.

John Cunningham virus(JCV)is a type of human polyomavirus. It was first isolated from the brain of a patient with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy(PML)in 1971 and named after that patient. The seroprevalence of JCV in the general population is 40% to 60% . The mortality rate among patients with AIDS complicated by PML was shown to be 50% . For immunocompromised patients and pa-tients with long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs,JCV would cause fatal polyomavirus associated ne-phropathy(PVAN),viremia and some other related diseases. While the pathogenesis of JCV has well stud-ied,there are no specific prevention and treatment measures for infected individuals. Therefore,reliable, specific and sensitive JCV detection methods in clinical settings are needed. This review describes the pros and cons of different methods for JCV detection with potentials for clinical applications.

BACKGROUND:Some studies indicate that PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is associated with the expression of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and the function of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in skeletal muscle. However, it is stil unclear whether PI3K/Akt signaling pathway has the effects on CREB and GLUT4 in skeletal muscle of the rats with high-fat diet and treadmil exercise. OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether PI3K/Akt signaling pathway has the effects on CREB and GLUT4 in gastrocnemius muscle of the rats with high-fat diet and treadmil exercise. METHODS:A total of 70 rats were fed with normal diet for 2 weeks, and randomly divided into common feed group (n=20) and high-fat feed group (n=50). Rats in both groups were respectively fed with common feed and high-fat feed for 8 weeks. The rats in the common feed group were equaly assigned to common feed quiet group and common feed exercise group. 20 rats from the high-fat feed group whose body weight was 1.4 times of common rats were randomly and equaly assigned to obese quiet group and obese exercise group. Rats in the quiet groups did not do exercises. Rats in the exercise groups received adaptive sports for 1 week and medium-intensity treadmil exercise for 8 weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Impairments of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway appeared in obese rats, however, the quantity of GLUT4 expression did not change obviously in gastrocnemius muscles of obese rats. The reasons for the decrease of the nuclear protein CREB level of gastrocnemius muscles of obese rats might be related to the decrease of pAkt-Ser473 level. (2) The increase of the quantity of GLUT4 expression was accompanied by significantly up-regulated pAkt-Ser473 level by exercise intervention in gastrocnemius muscles of obese rats. Exercise intervention significantly increased the expression of nuclear protein CREB in gastrocnemius muscles of chow-fed rats and obese rats, which was consistent with the changes of pAkt-Ser473. These findings suggest that pAkt-Ser473 can play an important role in the effects of high-fat diet and exercise intervention on GLUT4 and CREB protein expression in gastrocnemius muscles of obese rats.