As one of the serious complications of diabetes, diabetic retinopathy( DR) has become a main eye disease which causes blindness. The occurrence and development of DR is related to many factors. The pathogenesis is complicated, and the mechanism has not been clear. Early data suggest that the occurrence and development of DR has relations with many factors such as blood sugar level, diabetes duration and the environment. Among the factors, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress is the important mechanisms of DR and has become research focus in recent years. Consequences of mitochondrial dysfunction within cells include elevation of the rate of reactive oxygen species( ROS) production due to damage of electron transport chain proteins, mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA ) damage, and loss of metabolic capacity. Clear understanding on the mechanism of mitochondrial functional change under high sugar level and oxidative stress response in the occurrence and development of DR is of great significance on prevention and cure of DR. ln this article, the development of mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative stress of DR is reviewed.

This study was designed to determine the effects of the recombinant adeno-associated virus vector containing sense CD151 gene (rAAV-CD151) and antisense CD151 gene (rAAV-antiCD151) on the migration of Tca8113 cell. Functional fragment of CD151 gene was amplified by RT-PCR, and inserted into the vector pAAV in the sense direction and antisense direction, respectively. The rAAV-CD151 and rAAV-antiCD151 were produced and the titers were determined by dot blot. The CD151, at protein level, was detected by Western blot. The Transwell chamber was used to detect the effects of the rAAV-CD151 and rAAV-antiCD151 on the tumor cell migration. The titers of the rAAV-CD151 and rAAV-antiCD151 were 2 x 10(11) pfu/ml and 1.0 x 10(11) pfu/ml, respectively. The expression of CD151 was increased by 108% in the cells transfected with rAAV-CD151 and decreased by 79% in the cells transfected with rAAV-antiCD151, as compared with non-transfected cells, respectively. The number of the migrating cells was significantly increased in the cells transfected with rAAV-CD151 (93.56 +/- 11.59) and decreased in the cells transfected with rAAV-antiCD151 (24.00 +/- 4.36) as compared with non-transfected and rAAV-GFP transfected cells (53.00 +/- 6.56 and 46.00 +/- 7.00, P<0.05). It is an important molecular mechanism of the tumor metastasis that the overexpression of CD151 promotes the migration of the tumor cells. The rAAV-antiCD151 is a novel tool, which can reduce the expression of CD151 and inhibit the migration of the tumor cells, and brings us a new approach of anti-sene gene therapy targeted at CD151 in human carcinoma.
Antigens, CD/immunology ; Antigens, CD/*pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology ; Cell Movement ; DNA, Antisense/*pharmacology ; Dependovirus/*genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis ; Recombinant Proteins/genetics ; Tongue Neoplasms/*pathology ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Rectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Rectum ; pathology ; Sarcoma, Myeloid ; diagnosis ; pathology

Angiotensin II ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Heart Rate ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rabbits

Objective To compare clinical effects and complications of patients with diabetes in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(OPCAB) between endoscopic saphenous vein harvesting(EVH) and conventional saphenous vein harvesting(CVH).Methods Sequence comparison analysis the clinical data of 339 patients with DM who underwent OPCAB in our department from Nov 2011 to Nov 2014.269 cases by EVH,70 cases by CVH.Observing two groups of patients with deprecated rate of SVG,intraoperative SVG blood flow and the value of PI,lower limb wound complications such as incision infection,poor healing,lower limb local hematoma and pain.SVG patency rate of part patients was follow-up by CT coronary angiography.Results To compare the two groups of patients by EVH and CVH,the perioperative death was 8 cases in EVH group (2.4％),2 cases in C VH group (2.9％).The deprecated SVG of patients was 3.9％ vs 2.9％.The blood flow was (17.36 ±11.24) ml/min vs(17.11 ± 8.37) ml/min,PI was 2.78 ± 2.37 vs 2.22 ± 2.17.The incision infection was 0 vs 4.4％,poor healing was 0.9％ vs 8.8％.The lower limb local hematoma was 5.7％ vs 1.5％.The visual pain analogue scale(VAS) was 0.53 ± 1.71 vs 1.26 ± 2.13 3 days after operation.The numbness of lower limb was 9.7％ vs 22.1％.The Edema of the legs was 8.5％ vs 19.1％ 7 days after operation.60 cases were follow-up by CT coronary angiography,the SVG patency rate was91.4％ vs 94.6％ 1 year after operation,83.3％ vs 86.1％ 2 years after operation,72.2％ vs 73.7％ 3 years after operation respectively.Conclusion EVH technology for SVG in the patients combined DM has good clinical result,the recent patency rate of SVG is perfect,postoperative limb complications is decreased by EVH.

Objective To observe the effect of sodium butyrate on the invasion and migration of human salivary gland ade‐noid cystic carcinoma cell line ACC‐2 in vitro and to investigate the underlying mechanisms .Methods The cultured ACC‐2 cells were treated with different concentrations of sodium butyrate for 24 h ,and detected the viability rate of the cells by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay ;the drug′s influence on invasion and migration on ACC‐2 were detected by Transwell experiment ,while the protein and mRNA expression of HMGB1 and TLR4 explored by Western‐blot and RT‐PCR assay ;the relationship between TLR4 expression and HMGB1 was investigated .Results Compared with control group ,0 .625 ,1 .250 ,2 .500 ,5 .000 ,10 .000 mmol/L groups of sodium butyrate inhibited the proliferation of ACC‐2 cells(P<0 .05);the influence of sodium butyrate on the in‐vasion of ACC‐2 cells of all groups had no significant difference(P>0 .05);only 2 .500 ,5 .000 and 10 .000 mmol/L groups inhibited ACC‐2 cells migration and down‐regulated the protein and mRNA of HMGB1 and TLR4(P<0 .05) .Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the TLR4 protein and HMGB1 protein(r=0 .810 ,P<0 .05) .Conclusion Sodium butyrate could inhib‐it ACC‐2 cells proliferation and high concentration gropes inhibit ACC‐2 cells migration ,while reducing HMGB1 and TLR4 mRNA and protein expression ,suggesting that NaB might inhibite ACC‐2 cells migration through down‐regulated the mRNA and protein expression .

Background and purpose: Researches demonstrated that the butyric acid sodium salt (sodium butyrate, NaB) has effect on the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis-promoting, while the mechanism on salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma(SACC) is still uncertain. This study mainly probed into the impact of different concentration of sodium butyrate on the migration and invasion of SACC cell line ACC-M, and its mechanism of action. Methods:MTT assay explored the optimal concentration of sodium butyrate on the cell ACC-M and the observation of cell growth. Transwell assay was used to detect the effects of sodium butyrate on the ACC-M cells on the aspact of invasion and migration ability. Fluorescence real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blot were used to test respectively the expression of HMGB1, TLR4 mRNA and protein in ACC-M after functioned by 5 group drugs with different concentrations. Results:Compared with the control group, on the one hand, the concentration 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mmol/L of sodium butyrate could effectively inhibit cell proliferation and apparently showing concentra-tion-dependence (P<0.05);On the other hand, 5 sets concentration of sodium butyrate could also effectively inhibit invasion and migration ability of ACC-M cells in vitro (P<0.05), as well as reducing the expression of HMGB1, TLR4 mRNA and protein in ACC-M cells (P<0.05). Furthermore related analysis showed that the decline of TLR4 protein expression was positively correlated with inhibition of HMGB1 (r=0.810, P<0.05). Conclusion:Sodium butyrate has an effect on inhibiting ACC-M cell proliferation, signiifcantly reducing ACC-M cell invasion and migration capabilities, and reducing expression of HMGB1, TLR4 mRNA and protein, and both expression amount are positively correlated, Meanwhile the positively correlation suggests that sodium butyrate probably achieve the inhibition ability by lowering the expression of HMGB1, TLR4 mRNA and protein in ACC-M cell.

Aim To investigate ALEX1 gene expres-sion in cervical cancer tissues and adjacent non-can-cerous tissues, and to explore the ALEX1 genetic influ-ence on cell proliferation,cycle and apoptosis of human cervical cancer cell line HeLa. Methods ALEX1 protein expression in cervical cancers and in non-can-cerous cervical tissues was evaluated using immunohis-tochemical method. A small interference RNA targeting ALEX1 gene was transfected into HeLa cells′, and the effect of ALEX1 interference on HeLa cells′ cycle and apoptosis was analysed by flow cytometry. The effect of ALEX1 interference on HeLa cells′ proliferation and sensitivity to resveratrol was analysed by CCK-8 assay. Results ALEX1 protein expression was significantly increased in cervical cancer tissues compared with non-cancerous tissues. HeLa cells′proliferation was inhibi-ted compared with control group and blank group. He-La cells′ sensitivity to resveratrol was enhanced com-pared with control group blank group. Conclution SiRNA silencing of ALEX1 gene could significantly in-hibit HeLa cells′ proliferation and enhance resveratrol ability of inhibiting HeLa cells′proliferation.

AIM: (1) To investigate the effect of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) on rabbit conjunctival surface reconstruction with severe alkali burns. (2) To evaluate the possibility of AMT treatment for ocular alkali burns during recovering stage.METHODS: Animal models were established on 30 eyes of rabbits by creating severe alkali burns on the conjunctiva from the upper corneal limbus to the upper conjunctival fornix.Preserved human amniotic membrane transplantations and reconstruction of conjunctival fornix were performed at one week after injury (recovering stage). Epithelium growth of burned area after transplantation was observed using light microscope at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 weeks. Conjunctival tissue in transplantation area was collected at 1, 4 and 8 weeks. The ultrastructure of the collected tissue was studied by electron microscope. The results were compared with control group,which received only vitamin C subconjunctival injection and antibiotic eye drops as treatment for alkali burn. Exterior eye pictures were also taken at the end of the observation, the width from upper corneal limbus to the edge of upper fornix was measured. Data was analyzed statistically.RESULTS: 1) Tn the transplant group, conjunctival epithelium growth was observed in the area of AMT under both light and electron microscope 1 week after surgery. At 4weeks, conjunctival epithelium with goblet cells that resembled normal conjunctival tissues was observed in the whole amniotic membrane area. At 12 weeks, the conjunctival epithelium on the amniotic membrane was well formed, and the connective tissue under the epithelium was loose at the fornix. No fibrosis was identified. In contrast, conjunctival epithelium necrosis was observed in the control group at 2weeks after alkali burns. Re-epithelization did not occur through the 12-week observation. Severe fibrosis with inflammatory cells infiltration was observed between 4 to 8weeks. At 12 weeks, fibrosis of the connective tissue at the fornix developed and there were no conjunctival epithelium covering the burned area. 2) In the transplant group, the conjunctiva in transplanted area had no scarring and appeared smooth at 12 weeks. Upper fornix was reconstructed. The depth of fornix was 7.9±0.3mm (7.6-8.2mm), which was approximate to the normal depth 8.2±0.2mm (8.0-8.4 mm,P＞.05). While in the control group, the burned area appeared rough with granuloma formation and severe scarring. Upper fornix became shallow. The depth of fornix was 3.1±1.7mm(1.0 to 4.5mm.), and significant difference was found between control and transplant group (P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Human amniotic membrane preserved in glycerin can promote cell adhering, migrating and differentiating of normal conjunctival epithelium.Reconstruction of conjunctival surface in early stage of alkali burn can be achieved by AMT. AMT can effectively prevent symblepharon formation.

Objective To explore the impact of chronic cough on children’s life quality, and to observe their life quality after drugs and psychological intervention. Methods One hundred 9 to 12 years old children with chronic cough were randomly selected. The drugs and psychological intervention were administrated. The children had been follow-up. The children’s quality of life was assessed by“Inventroy of Subjective Life Questionnaire”before and after treatment. Meanwhile 100 healthy children were randomly selected as a control group. Results With the prolonged treatment, the recovery rate and effective rate in children with chronic cough increased. Before the treatment, the scores of family life, peer interaction, self cognitive, experience of depression, experience of anxiety, cognitive and emotional component, and overall satisfaction were significantly lower in children with chronic cough than those in healthy children (P<0.05). After the treatment, the scores of family life, peer interaction, self cognitive, experience of depression, experience of anxiety, physical experience, cognitive and emotional component, and overall satisfaction were significantly improved in children with chronic cough (P<0.05), even the scores of physical experience and emotional component were significantly higher in children with chronic cough than those in healthy children (P<0.05). Conclusions The quality of life in children with chronic cough decline, however, drug and psychological intervention can improve their quality of life.