Bruton tyrosine kinase (Btk) is a member of the non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases of Tec family.It plays an important role in growth,proliferation,differentiation and signal transduction of B lymphocyte.After activation of B-cell receptor (BCR) by diverse stimuli,Btk is activated through tyrosine phosphorylation.Activated Btk can stimulate several downstream signaling proteins.Btk and BCR signaling pathways play important roles in initiation and maintenance of B cell malignancies.This review focuses on the recent findings in association of Btk and B cell malignancies.

Objective To investigate the immune disorder in elderly patients with severe ischemic stroke and to explore whether a new type of diabetes-specific enteral nutrition formula can regulate the immune function of these patients.Methods In the randomized controlled prospective study,90 patients aged 60-80 years with acute ischemic stroke and NIHSS score more than 10 and dysphagia were randomized to two groups:receiving a new type(Group A) of,versus traditional(Group B) diabetes-specific enteral nutrition.30 Patients aged 60-80 years with acute ischemic stroke and NIHSS score ≥10 without dysphagia were enrolled as control(Group C).The immune function was observed,and the nutritional status and immunological function were compared between two different enteral nutrition groups at 7 days of treatment.Results After 7 day follow-up,the serum lipid stats significantly ameliorated in group A.An obvious suppression of immune state was observed in severe acute ischemic patients at onset of 7 days.At day 7 of treatment,the percentage of CD3+ T cells in group A was(69.25±9.93)％ after treatment vs.(63.36±7.79)％ at baseline(P＜0.001),and CD3 +CD4+T cells was(45.79±9.47)％ after treatment vs.(36.12±9.15)％ at baseline(P＜0.001),as well as CD4+/CD8+ cells were(2.27±1.40)％ after treatment vs.(1.70±0.82)％ at baseline(P=0.001).At 7 days of treatment,the percentage of CD3+ T cells was higher in group A (69.25 ±9.93) ％ than in group B(63.07± 9.47) ％ (P＜0.001),and the percentage of CD3 + CD4 cells was higher in group A(45.79 ± 9.47) ％ than in group B(41.32 ± 8.89) ％ (P=0.024).Conclusions Enteral nutrition preparations can provide sufficient energy support in the acute ischemic stroke.Immunosuppressive state exists in patients with acute phase of severe ischemic stroke.The new type of diabetic enteral nutrition formula can significantly improve immunosuppressive state in patients with acute severe stroke.

Objective To assess the public health service quality objectively in Shenzhen,and promote the equity of basic public health services.Methods The criterion and method of the assessment were established by municipal health administrative department,the assessment of institutions and regions were conducted by experts selected by municipal professional institutions.Regional assessment was the comprehensive evaluation of public health service qualities of professional public health institutions,medical institutions and the community health centers.The assessment of the degree of public health service quality satisfaction was accomplished by a third-party institution.Results The accomplishment ratio of indicators for public health service quality was 93.2％.This ratio has witnessed a high increase with mental health institutions,occupational disease prevention and control institutions and health education institutions on one hand.On the other,it has dropped with institutions of disease control,chronic disease control and medical institutions within the region.On the whole,this ratio has increased with all the districts to different extents.Despite the overall improvement of public health capabilities citywide,imbalances are found among districts and institutions as well.Conclusion It is imperative to further improve the public health service system and equity while carrying out specific tasks in this respect.

Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Kidney Neoplasms ; Twins, Monozygotic ; Wilms Tumor

Objective To study roles of GRP78 and GRP94 in tumorigenesis and progression of colorectal carcinomas (CRC).Methods Colorectal carcinoma tissues of 124 cases were studied for GRP78 and GRP94 proteins by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.The correlations among the expression of proteins and clinicopathologic parameters and overall survival of CRC were analyzed using univariate and Cox regression analyses.Results The overexpression of GRP78 and GRP94 was detected in the cytoplasms or plasma membrane of the tumor cells.They were positively correlated with tumor differentiation,staging,lymph node metastasis and remote metastasis.Survival analysis showed that overexpression of both proteins was associated with poor outcome of CRC ( P =0.025,P =0.010,respectively).Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the expression of GRP94 was an independent poor prognostic factor for CRC.Conclusions Up-regulated expression of GRP78 and GRP94 was possibly involved in the pathogenesis,growth,invasion and metastasis of colorectal carcinomas.GRP78 and GRP94could be seen as a marker for the aggressive behavior and poor prognosis in colorectal carcinomas.

10.3969/j.issn.1000-3606.2013.06.004

Objective: To explore the effect of low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) preconditioning on milieu of infarcted myocardium in experimental rats.
Methods: The myocardial infarction (MI) model was established by left anterior descending (LAD) artery ligation in female rats. 3 weeks later, the qualified MI rats were randomly divided for 3 groups: ① LLLI preconditioning group, the rats received thoracotomy for LLLI by a 635nm, 5mW diode laser with the energy density of 0.96 J/cm2 for 150 seconds, n=26. ② Control group, the rats received thoracotomy for daylight irradiation, n=27. ③ Sham operation group, the rats received thoracotomy without LAD ligation, n=24. The Expressions of myocardial vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were evaluate by real time-PCR, Western blot analysis and other relevant laboratory test at 1 hour, 1 day and 1 week after treatment. The myocardial cell apoptosis was examined by TUNEL staining, and left ventricular function was detected by echocardiography.
Results: LLLI preconditioning obviously increased the myocardial VEGF, GRP78 expression and SOD activity, decreased MDA production; while it could not really improve the myocardial cell apoptosis at peri-infarcted area and left ventricular function in experimental rats.
Conclusion: LLLI preconditioning may improve the milieu of infarcted myocardium via decreasing the oxidative stress in experimental rats.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristic s of an infant with congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia (CLAH),and to sequence the acute regulatory protein (steroid acute regulatory,StAR) gene of the infant patient and her pedigree.Methods Physical examination,laboratory tests,and imaging examination of the 11-month-old patient with CLAH were collected.DNA was extracted from blood samples of the patient and her parents.The 7 exons of StAR gene were amplified by PCR and then sequenced.Results Dark skin,girl vulva,and one each 1.0 cm×1.0 cm palpable lump in inguinal area bilaterally were observed.The adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) was 253 pg/ml,cortisol was 27.6 nmol/L at 8 am,17-hydroxyprogesterone was 3 nmol/L.Uhrasound showed that sign of testicular ultrasonography existed in bilateral inguinal regions.Karyotype analysis showed 46,XY.Sequencing of PCR amplified fragments showed that there were two heterozygous mutations c.229C ＞ T,p (Gln77X) and C.659A＞G,p (His220Arg) of StAR gene in this patient.By rectifying the disturbance of electrolyte,and treating with hydrocortisone and 9α fludrocortisone,etc,the patient has been stable so far.Conclusion The patient presents typical clinical manifestations.Two heterozygous mutations including c.229C ＞T,p (Gln77X) from maternal and C.659A＞G,p (His220Arg) from paternal of StAR gene were detected.Wherein the c.659A＞G,p.(His220Arg) as a novel point mutation of StAR gene,has not been reported so far.

Objectives To investigate the causes of short stature in Turner syndrome (TS). Methods 86 patients were di-agnosed with TS by karyotypes from 2004 to 2013. According to the deletion types of the X chromosome short arm, growth hor-mone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and thyroid function, the TS patients were divided into different groups and com-parison was made among groups. Results Ht SDS in three groups with different extent of the deletion of the X chromosome short arm were (-4.39±1.08), (-3.26±1.25) and (-2.84±0.15) (P<0.05). The proportion of growth hormone deifciency (GHD) in the three groups were 62.5%, 38.9%and 0%(P<0.05). Ht SDS in groups with different degree of IGF-1 level were (-4.37±1.10), (-3.82±1.07) and (-3.25±0.91) (P<0.05). There was no signiifcant difference of Ht SDS between hypothyroidism patients with and without GHD (P>0.05). Conclusions The deletion of X chromosome short arm may cause the short stature in TS. The GH-IGF-1 axis in TS is impaired, but GHD is not related to short stature in TS.

ABSTRACT:Objective To investigate whether medial cerebellar nucleus may be involved in the pathogenesis of post-stroke depression (PSD)and explore the pathway that mediates this effect.Methods Healthy SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:control group,stroke group,PSD group,medial cerebellar nucleus (Med)lesion group,and superior cerebellar peduncle (xscp)lesion group.The ethological score of depression was evaluated.The neurotransmitters of Glu and GABA in the lateral hypothalamic area were detected by high performance liquid chromatography.Results Compared with those in control group,the levels of GABA and Glu expressions did not significantly differ in the lateral hypothalamic area in stroke group (P > 0.05 ).In contrast,the levels in PSD group,Med lesion group and xscp lesion group were lower than those in stroke group to different extent (P <0.01). Conclusion These results preliminarily show that medial cerebellar nucleus may participate in the pathogenesis of post-stroke depression,which may be mediated by the cerebellum-hypothalamic pathway.