Objective To study the significance of anti-antibody of liver antigens in the diagnosis of autoim- mune hepatitis disease.Methods Patients were divided into three groups according the diseases:autoimmune hepatic disease 45 cases including autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)15 cases,primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC)20 cases,and prima- ry sclerotic cholangitis(PSC)10 cases;Various virus hepatitis 50 cases;Liver damage of unknown cause 30 cases.Au- to-antibody of liver antigens SLA/LP,LKM-1,LC-1,and AMA-M2 were identified by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF)assay and immunoblot assay.Results The positive rates of anti-SLA/LP(46.6%)was significantly higher than those of anti-LKM-1(13.3%),anti-LC-1(0%),and anti-AMA-M2(13.3%)in patients with AIR while these four antibodies were negative in patients with virus hepatitis.The positive rates of anti-AMA-M2 in patients of PBC and unknown liver damage were 95.0% and 6.6%,respectively.Conclusion Anti-SLA/LP is a new specific serum marker in diagnosis of AIR.The auto-antibody detection of liver antigens will be helpful to the diagnosis and therapy of autoimmune hepatic disease.

Objective To investigate the role of leader sequence in anti-apoptotic action of clusterin in LNCaP cell. Methods The wild type LNCaP cells(L), LNCaP cells transfected with the control vector(M),LNCaP cells transfected with clusterin expression vector with(A) and without(B) the leader sequence were cultured.RT-PCR was used to observe the expression of clusterin mRNA in group A,B,M and L.Cultured with TNF-?,the expression of clusterin mRNA in group L was measured,MTT and ELISA were used to determine the status of cell proliferation and apoptosis of the 4 groups. Results The expression of clusterin mRNA in group A and B was significantly higher than that in group L and M (all P 0.05).Clusterin mRNA of group L transiently elevated after treated with TNF-? for 2 h( A =15 642.0?64.3, t =-77.106, P

Two isomers of nitrochlorobenzene (o-, and p-NCB) were treated by a Pd/Fe catalyst in aqueous solutions through catalytic amination and dechlorination. Nitrochlorobenzenes are rapidly converted to form chloroanilines (CAN) first through an amination process, and then rapidly dechlorinated to become aniline (AN) and Cl(-), without the involvement of any other intermediate reaction products. The amination and dechlorination reaction are believed to take place predominantly on the surface site of the Pd/Fe catalysts. The dechlorination rate of the reductive degradation of the two isomers of nitrochlorobenzene (o-, and p-NCB) in the presence of Pd/Fe as a catalyst was measured experimentally. In all cases, the reaction rate constants were found to increase with the decrease in the Gibbs free energy (correlation with the activation energy) of NCBs formation; the activation energy of each dechlorination reaction was measured to be 95.83 and 77.05 kJ/mol, respectively for o- and p-NCB. The results demonstrated that p-NCBs were reduced more easily than o-NCBs.
Catalysis ; Industrial Waste ; prevention & control ; Iron ; chemistry ; Isomerism ; Kinetics ; Metals ; chemistry ; Nitrobenzenes ; chemistry ; Palladium ; chemistry ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Waste Disposal, Fluid ; methods ; Water ; chemistry ; Water Purification ; methods

Objective To investigate the anti-apoptotic function of clusterin in LNCaP cell line and the role of clusterin antisense oligodcoxynucleotide(AS-ODN)in TNF-?-induced death of LNCaP cell. Methods The wild type LNCaP(group L),LNCaP transfected with the control vector(group M),LNCaP transfected with full-length clusterin expression vector(group A,ie,study group)were cultured.For the de- tection of cytotoxic effect of TNF-?,MTT and ELISA methods were used to determine the cell proliferation and apoptosis of the 3 clones,and the changes of proliferation and apoptosis in A cell after transfection of clusterin AS-ODN were also assessed.Results MTT method showed that the cell proliferation activity(A value)of groups L,M,and A were 0.84?0.03,0.85?0.04,0.95?0.03,respectively;the difference be- tween groups L and M was not significant(P＞0.05);but compared with group A the cell proliferation activ- ity was significantly lower in groups L and M(P＜0.01 for both).ELISA resuhs showed that the A values of groups L,M,and A were 0.59?0.04,0.62?0.03,0.33?0.04,respectively;the difference between groups L and M was not significant(P＞0.05);but compared with group A,the apoptosis rates were significantly higher in groups L and M(P＜0.01 for both).In group A,A values of cell proliferation activity in subgroups control,AS-ODN,TNF-?,TNF-?+AS-ODN were 1.30?0.03,1.25?0.03,0.99?0.03,0.80?0.03, respectively;the differences between each group were significant(P＜0.05 for all).And the A values of cell apoptosis in the above 4 groups were 0.02?0.00,0.21?0.02,0.63?0.07,1.16?0.04,respectively,the differences between each group were significant(P＜0.01 for all).Conclusions Stable transfection and subsequent expression of clusterin result in resistance to the cytotoxic effect of TNF-?.Transfection with clus- terin AS-ODN enhances cytotoxic effect of TNF-?in A cells.These results suggest that clusterin plays an im- portant role in anti-apoptotic function in LNCaP cell line.

Objective: To investigate the expression of IL-38 and MIP-2 in lung tissue of rats with pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin, and to explore the significance of IL-38 and MIP-2 in pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Methods: 45 Wistar rats were randomly divided into saline control group ( group N), bleomycin group ( group B) and dexamethasone group ( group D) according to the random and control principle. On the 7 th, 14 th, and 28 th day, 5 rats were killed in each group. The pathological changes of lung tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin ( HE) staining in lung tissue. The expression of IL-38 and HYP in lung tissue of rats was measured by enzyme linked immunoassay ( ELISA) and the expression of MIP-2 in lung tissue of rats was measured by RT-PCR method. Results: (1) HE staining showed that the lung tissue from group B and group D developed from normal to inflammatory changes to pulmonary fibrosis. (2) The expression of IL-38 in group B and D decreased gradually, and the decrease was most obvious at 28 th day, which was lower than that in group N ( P＜0. 05), and the expression of IL-38 in group B was lower than that in D group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P＜0. 05). (3) The expression of MIP-2 and HYP increased gradually in group B and D, which were higher than those in group N, and the difference was statistically significant ( P＜0. 05). The MIP-2 and HYP expressions in group B were higher than those of group D in the same period, and the difference was statistically significant ( P＜0. 05). Conclusion: IL-38 and MIP-2 play an important role in the occurrence and development of bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. The application of dexamethasone can improve the degree of pulmonary fibrosis in rats. The effect may be related to the up-regulation of IL-38 and the downregulation of MIP-2.

BACKGROUNDRepair of large bone defects remains a challenge for clinicians. The present study investigated the ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and/or periosteum-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) to promote new bone formation within rabbit ulnar segmental bone defects.

METHODSRabbit bone marrow-derived MSCs (passage 3) were seeded onto porous PLGA scaffolds. Forty segmental bone defects, each 15 mm in length, were created in the rabbit ulna, from which periosteum was obtained. Bone defects were treated with either PLGA alone (group A), PLGA + MSCs (group B), periosteum-wrapped PLGA (group C) or periosteum-wrapped PLGA/MSCs (group D). At 6 and 12 weeks post-surgery, samples were detected by gross observation, radiological examination (X-ray and micro-CT) and histological analyses.

RESULTSGroup D, comprising both periosteum and MSCs, showed better bone quality, higher X-ray scores and a greater amount of bone volume compared with the other three groups at each time point (P < 0.05). No significant differences in radiological scores and amount of bone volume were found between groups B and C (P > 0.05), both of which were significantly higher than group A (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSImplanted MSCs combined with periosteum have a synergistic effect on segmental bone regeneration and that periosteum plays a critical role in the process. Fabrication of angiogenic and osteogenic cellular constructs or tissue-engineered periosteum will have broad applications in bone tissue engineering.

Animals ; Bone Regeneration ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Lactic Acid ; chemistry ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Periosteum ; cytology ; Polyglycolic Acid ; chemistry ; Rabbits ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Tissue Scaffolds ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical performance of a probe melting analysis (PMA)-based real-time PCR detection kit in rapid detection of rifampin-resistant mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB).

METHODSThe specificity of the assay was evaluated by detecting 37 non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), and the detection limit of the method was evaluated by genomic DNA of a standard strain H37Rv. Finally, 962 clinical isolates were analyzed with the PMA assay by detecting mutations in rifampin resistance-determining region (RRDR) of rpoB gene, and results were verified with DNA sequencing.

RESULTSAmong 37 NTM strains, three strains showed drug resistant mutation signals. The PMA method could detect down to 30 bacteria per reaction. Sample analysis showed that 186 of 962 isolates were mutants, 751 isolates were wild type and 25 isolates failed to give amplification signals. Among the mutant samples detected, 112 samples from November 2009 to April 2010 were further analyzed by sequencing, as well as 200 wild-type samples. The results showed a complete agreement with the PMA assay except for 5 samples failed in sequence analysis.

CONCLUSIONThe PMA assay is rapid, accurate and easy-to-use, and thus can be used for detection of rifampin-resistant in clinical isolate samples.

Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; DNA, Bacterial ; genetics ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases ; Genotype ; Limit of Detection ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Pulmonary infection after renal transplantation is a well recognized and prevalent postoperative complication, which can occur at either the early stage or late stage after transplantation. The etiology and this phenomenon and its impacts remains unclear. It may be life-threatening in severe patients. Early diagnosis and treatment are important; meanwhile, the dosage of immunosuppressant should be minimized. Prophylactic management should also be emphasized.
Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Pneumonia ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Postoperative Complications ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy

Objective To investigate the characteristics of microbial isolates and the positive rate from bile cultures taken from obstructive jaundice patients, then compare the antimicrobial sensitivities to guide the rational choice and use of antibiotics. Methods Bile cultures from 322 patients from January 2012 to April 2016 were reviewed. Specimens were obtained from patients that were diagnosed obstructive jaundice. The bile specimens were examined for pathogenic respectively. At the same time, the empirical antibiotics of the 322 cases prior to operation were also analyzed. Results Bile culture was positive in 246 among322 cases, the positive culture rate was 76.40%. A total of 267 pathogens were isolated in bile culture: 208 Gram-negative bacteria, 48 Gram-positive bacteria and 11 fungus. The most common pathogens in all were Escherichia coli (208 strains, 53.18%), Enterococcus faecium (28 strains, 10.49%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (27 strains, 10.11%). The most sensitive antibiotics against Gram-negative bacteria were imipenem and meropenem (with susceptibility rate for 98.08%, respectively). The more sensitive antibiotics against Gram-negative bacteria were efoperazone/sulbactam, amikacin, piperacillin/tazobactam (susceptibility 92.31%, 88.46% and 85.58%). The lowest susceptibility rate of Gram-negative to twelve kings of antimicrobial agents were levofloxacin, andaztreonam (susceptibility 29.81%, 28.37%). The most sensitive antibiotics against Gram-positive bacteria were linezolid, teicoplanin and vancomycin(with susceptibility rate for 100.00%, respectively). The more sensitive antibiotics against Gram-positive bacteria was chloromycrtin (susceptibility 88.89%). The lower susceptibility rate of Gram-positive were levofloxacin (susceptibility 25.00%). 281 cases of patients before surgery empirical use of antimicrobial drugs. Monotherapy was used in 219 cases. The main drug was levofloxacin (86/219), the second was cefoperazone/sulbactam (70/219). The dual therapy was used in 62 cases, the mainly was cefoperazone/sulbactam plus ornidazole or metrornidazole(27/62), the second was levofloxacin plus ornidazole or metrornidazole (12/62). Conclusions Gram negative bacteria were the predominant bile pathogens found in patients with obstructive jaundice. And the most prominent Gram-negative pathogens were Escherichia coli. The sensitive rates of cefoperazone/sulbactam, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam were higher, which could be used as the preferred antimicrobial agents. Imipenem and meropenem should remain the last alternative when all other therapies fail or serious infection; The empirical antibiotics's pertinence was not very suitable, levofloxacin's resistance rates in obstructive jaundice was higher. It should be avoided to choose during empirical antimicrobial therapy.

Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; Caspases ; physiology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Isotretinoin ; pharmacology ; Melanoma ; pathology ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid ; physiology ; Retinoid X Receptors ; physiology ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology