Objective To research the mechanism of aqueous extract of Radix Scutellariae in relieving fever of model rats. Method The fever model rats were made by dry yeast. Rectum temperature (?T/℃) was observed, and serum IL-1?, hypothalamus cAMP and IL-1?, ventral septal area AVP were detected by RIA. Results Aqueous extract of Radix Scutellariae decreased IL-1? and cAMP content of hypothalamus, and AVP content of ventral septal area significantly (compared with model group, P

Objective To investigate the application of three stages enhanced scan of multi-slice spiral CT for the characteristic analysis on the wall and lumen of colorectal mucous adenocarcinoma.Methods 51 patients with colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma who had complete pathologic diagnosis were studied.GE Discovery CT 750HD scanner was used for line scan,arterial and portal venous phase scan,and delayed scan.The lesions of intestinal wall,enteric cavity and proximal normal lumen were observed by line scan and enhanced scan,and the related quantitative value and CT value were observed.Results The intestinal wall was uneven annular thickening or hemispherical thickening.The thickening intestinal wall showed lobular changes around the inner margin,outer margin,or without lobular changes.The hierarchical sign and cystoids sign were observed with three layers or two layers structure after enhanced scan.Metastases of the larger lymph node,liver,ovaries were characterized similar to cyst.According to the form,the stenosis was divided into natural streamlined,irregular fixed,and irregular constrictive types.The proximal normal intestinal canal of the lesion showed occlusion,mild expansion or severe expansion.Conclusions Walls of colorectal mucous adenocarcinoma was uneven annular thickening or hemispherical thickening,in which calcification was found,and there was features of similar to layer and cyst after enhancement.The stiff intestinal wall appeared less,and the proximal bowel obstruction was rare.Therefore,depend on these characteristics,the diagnosis of colorectal mucous adenocarcinoma can be achieved.

Objective To study the modulation alterations of calcium activated potassium channel (Kca) and calcium activated chloride channels (Clca) on detrusor instability(DI) and their roles in DI. Methods The detrusor instability (DI) animal model was established using female Wistar rats. Detrusor strips were obtained from normal and DI rats. The contraction frequency and amplitude of the strips were measured by an in vitro tension test. The actions of channel openers and blockers were studied. Results Spontaneous contraction frequency and amplitude of DI increased significantly. The block of big conductance calcium activated potassium channel(Bkca) by Iberiotoxin resulted in decrease of frequency but increase of amplitude in the control, but only increase of frequency in DI. The opener, NS1619, resulted in decreases of frequency and amplitude in the control, but only decreases of frequency in DI. The block of small conductance Kca (Skca) by apamin resulted in increases of frequency and amplitude in both control and DI groups, but the opener, Chlorzoxazone, resulted in decreases of frequency and amplitude in the control, but only decrease of frequency in DI. The contraction alterations of DI were significantly lower than those of the control no matter Kca was blocked or opened. NFA, a selective Clca blocker, resulted in no significant frequency and amplitude alteration in the control, but significant decrease in DI. Conclusion These results suggested that Kca and Clca play a critical role in the modulation of detrusor contraction, and the down regulation of Kca and up regulation of Clca suggests that disorder of calcium related regulation may play an important role in DI.

Objective To study the different mRNA expressions of big and small conductance calcium activated potassium channels (Bkca and Skca), and calcium activated chloride channels (Clca) in normal and instable detrusors. Methods Model of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) of female Wistar rats was prepared by ligating the proximal urethra in the perineum. Detrusor instability (DI) was confirmed by conscious cystometry. The mRNA was extracted from the detrusors of normal and DI rats for the detection of the expressions of Bkca, Skca2, Skca3, and Clca by RT PCR. The different channel expression between normal and instable detrusors was identified by gel imaging. Results The incidence of DI in BOO rats was 76.17%. Bladder capacity and the maximal detrusor pressure increased significantly ( P

Objective To evaluate efficacy in detecting lung nodules at low-dose CT(LDCT) by nodule enhanced viewing(NEV).Methods One hundred and twenty seven patients who were referred to undergo low-dose CT (LDCT) for the evaluation of pulmonary metastasis or screening lung cancer were selected randomly.Two radiologists with at least 10 years experience read the images with normal clinical reading speed to find actionable nodules ≤ 2.0 cm in maximum diameter,and their consensus result was referred as Standard.NEV was adopted to detect the pulmonary nodules.Two residents with experience of less than three years read first detected suspicious nodules and recorded reading time,first consensus and mean time were recorded.Then,they made second decisions on the images with the help of NEV and the results and the reading time were recorded and analyzed by using wilcoxon test.The sensitivity and accuracy of NEV,residents and residents with NEV were analyzed.Results Standard,resident,NEV and resident with NEV detected 570,404,768 and 593 lung nodules ≤2.0 cm in maximum diameter,respectively.More than 60％ nodules were less than 0.5 cm in maximum diameter.The performance of NEV in detecting nodules ≤2.0 cm as well as nodules ＜ 0.5 cm in maximum diameter was significantly higher than that of the resident(Z =-6.887,P ＜0.01 and Z =-7.235,P ＜0.01),and the performance of resident with NEV indetecting nodules ≤2.0 cm as well as nodules ＜ 0.5 cm in maximum diameter was significantly higher than that of resident without NEV (Z =-6.606,P ＜ 0.01 and Z =-6.657,P ＜ 0.01).The resident,NEV and the resident with NEV detected nodules ＜ 20 mm in maximum diameter with sensitivities of 61.4％,86.3％ and 95.3％,and with accuracy of 56.1％,58.1％ and 87.6％,respectively.The resident achieved sensitivities of 51.4％,88.1％ and 94.8％,and accuracy of 47.0％,56.9％ and 87.5％ for nodules ＜5 mm in maximum diameter,respectively.The resident,NEV and resident with NEV spent 120-444 s,85-262 s and 131-1512 s per case to read the CT scans,respectively.The reading time of resident with NEV in was significantly higher than that of resident without NEV(Z =-9.781,P ＜ 0.01).The resident spent 23 s per NEV mark.Conclusion NEV considerable improves the resident's performance in lung nodule detection,especially in maximum diameter ＜ 0.5 cm nodule detection.

Objective To observe and evaluate the application of case-based learning in occupational health teaching of clinical medicine students.Methods Seven-year undergraduates majored in clinical medicine were selected as study subjects,divided into two groups,and received case-based learning(55 persons,story case for theory course,field case for experiment course)and traditional teaching(56 persons,theoretical instruction for theory course,instructional video for experiment course),respectively.T test and x2 test were used to analyze and compare students' after-school evaluation results and the questionnaire survey results of both groups respectively.Results The total score of the after-school evaluation[(11.84 ± 2.86) vs.(9.80 ± 3.39),t=-3.419],basic cognitive ability score[(4.80 ± 1.08) vs.(4.05 ± 1.43),t=-3.097] and analyzing ability score[(7.04 ±2.21) vs.(5.75 ± 2.59),t=-2.813] of students in the case-based learning group were significantly higher than those of the students in the traditional teaching group(P＜0.05).Questionnaire survey showed that the number and proportion of case teaching group of students held a positive attitude towards the teaching methods used in improving students' ability to analyze problems(x2=4.757),increasing study interest (x2=4.371),promoting knowledge mastery (x2=4.276) is higher than traditional teaching group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Case-based learning can inspire students' learning initiative,improve their creative ability to use knowledge,analyze and solve practical problems,so as to promote the course scores.

Objective To observe the effect of different doses of butorphanol and sufentanil repeatedly epidural injected on the neurobehavior function in bone cancer model rats.Methods A PE-530 catheter was inserted into the epidural space of all male Sprague-Dawley rats(not mated,weighting 150-180 g) at L1-2 level.Three days after operation,64 rats without any motor dysfunction were randomly divided into eight groups (n=8):sham operated group (group C),normal saline with bone cancer pain group (group N),butorphanol groups(group B 1,B2,B3)and sufentanil groups (group S1,S2,S3).Bone cancer pain model was constructed in group N,B and S when rats in group C were sham operated.Rats in group C and N were epidurally injected NS 30μl each,and rats in group B1,B2 and B3 were respectively epidurally injected butorphanol 25,50,100 μg (all diluted to 30 μl with NS),when rats in group S1,S2 and S3 were respectively cpidurally injected sufentanil 1,2,4 μg (all diluted to 30 μl with NS) on time per day for 10-14 days after modeling.The neurobehavior paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) of the left hind claw was recorded to observe the changes in pain behavior.The neurobehavior function of rats were recorded by BBB (BASSO,BEATTIE and BRESNAHAN) score and the inclined plane test.Results Compared with group C((67.65±9.29) g),the MWT of the model groups obviously decreased before the first time of injection (N (15.23± 2.46) g,B 1 (16.14±2.28) g,B2(15.42±3.22) g,B3(14.35±2.32) g,S1 (15.37±2.11)g,S2(15.22±2.93) g,S3(16.25± 2.36) g) (all P＜0.05)).Compared with group N((16.13±2.37) g),the MWT of group B2,B3 and S3 increased obviously after the first time of injection ((35.12±5.16) g,(35.63± 1.53) g and (34.24±5.93) g) (P＜ 0.05).At the first day of injection,there was no significant difference in the BBB scores and the inclined plane test between the model groups (P＞0.05).At 6 h after the forth injection the inclined plane test and the BBB scores of group B3 were obviously decreased compared with group N ((34.72 ± 4.56) ° and (10.64 ± 1.82) points to (43.15±4.67)° and (14.05±1.78) points (P＜0.05)).Conclusion The results provide evidence that repeatedly epidural injection of butorphanol 50 μg or 100 μg or sufentanil 4 μg can reduce the pain of the rats with bone cancer pain.But repeated epidural injection of butorphanol 100 μg can injure the neurological function.

BACKGROUND:The physical properties of macromolecule ocular prosthesis materials, such as density, hardness, mechanical strength, can affect the working accuracy of ocular prosthesis and can also affect the surface roughness of ocular prosthesis, thus affecting the comfort when the patients wear.
OBJECTIVE:To study the differences of different macromolecule ocular prosthesis materials in bubble generation rate, hardness and surface roughness.
METHODS:Thirty-seven test pieces, 30 mm×30 mm×2 mm, were made and then divided to seven groups according to their brands, caled groups A, B, C, D, E, F, G, each group of five pieces. One surface of each test piece was polished in accordance with the principle of coarse to fine, the surface roughness of the two surfaces and hardness on the polished surface were measured, and then the bubble formation rate of the material was calculated.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The surface roughness values of groups A-G were (0.078±0.016), (0.074±0.019), (0.075±0.022), (0.066±0.020), (0.075±0.017), (0.068±0.015), and (0.067±0.017) μm, respectively. There was no significant difference in the surface roughness between the groups (P > 0.05). The hardness values of groups A-G were 766.92±3.71, 771.84±14.51, 791.20±9.64, 804.50±4.49, 779.00±17.92, 772.20±19.18, 704.00±7.23, respectively. There was a significant difference in the hardness between groups D, G and the other groups (P < 0.05) as wel as between group D and group G (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the other groups (P > 0.05). The bubble generation rates of groups A-G were (8.87±0.29)%, (8.29±1.02)%, (6.94±0.43)%, (4.83±0.20)%, (7.59±0.19)%, (8.61±0.25)%, (4.89±0.17)%, respectively. There was a significant difference in the bubble generation rate between groups D, G and the other groups (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between group D and group G (P > 0.05), as wel as between the other groups (P > 0.05). To a certain extent, the smaler the bubble formation rate is, the greater the hardness and the smaler the surface roughness are.

Objective To evaluate Feridex(superparamagnetic iron oxide,SPIO)enhanced MRI in the diagnosis of hepatic lesions.Methods Feridex-enhanced MRI was performed in 31 patients with CT,or MRI proved or suspected hepatic lesions.T 2WI signal intensity of hepatic parenchyma,lesion and background noise was measured before and after enhancement separately.SNR and CNR of parenchyma and lesion before and after enhancement were calculated.The number of lesions on plain and enhanced scans were observed and alalyzed.Results Post-enhancement SNR of liver significantly decreased (?0.05).Post-enhancement lesion-liver CNR increased significantly (?

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy, especially the comprehensive improvement of blood glucose and lipid of probucol and metformin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with hyperlipidemia. Methods:Totally 105 patients with type 2 di-abetes mellitus complicated with hyperlipidemia were randomly divided into the control group1 (35 cases), the control group 2 (34 ca-ses) and the observation group (36 cases). The control group 1 was treated with diet control, exercise and metformin, the control group 2 was treated with rosuvastatin calclum tablets based on the group 1, and the observation group was treated with probucol based on the group 1. The three groups were continuously treated for 12 weeks. The improvement of the fasting blood-glucose (FPG), 2h postprandial blood glucose (PBG), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), fasting insulin levels (Fins), insulin resistance indices (HOMA-IR) and TC, TG and HDL-C, and the adverse reactions among the three groups were compared. Results:The total effective rate in the ob-servation group was higher than that in the control group 1 and 2 (P<0. 05). After the treatment, all the indices of blood glucose and lipid in the three groups were significantly improved (P<0. 05), and those of blood glucose in the observation were better than those in the control group 1 and 2(P<0. 05), those of blood lipid in the observation group and the control group 2 were better than those in the control group 1 (P<0. 05), and the level of HDL-C in the observation group was much higher than that in the control group 2 (P<0. 05). The adverse drug reactions in the three groups were mild without statistical significance (P>0. 05). Conclusion:Probucol as one of lipid-lowing drugs with antioxidant action combined with metformin can improve blood lipid and lower blood glucose at the same time, which is worthy of promoted application in clinics.