Medical image registration plays an important role in the research of medical image processing field. It is widely used in the areas of clinical diagnoses, treatment, quality assurance and evaluation of curative effect. This paper gives an overview on three medical image registration methods Correlation method, mutual information method, and wavelet transform method. Features of these method and their applications are reviewed.

Objective: To correct the set-up error of patients during radiotherapy is very important for increasing treatment effective. Methods: This paper proposes a registration method based on portal images and reference images. Canny Operator was used to extract edge features. The extracted edge features were set as datum mark to calculate the maximal mutual information between the portal images and reference images. Parameters were optimized with simplex-simulated annealing optimization strategy. Results: The portal images and reference images of 29 patients with the cervix cancer and prostatic carcinoma were registrated in this paper. The results showed that the registration was precise, and the registration speed was increased remarkably. Conclusion: So this registration method can be applied for online estimation for set-up errors in clinical radiation.

Objective To investigate the effect of fast-aging on the excitability of hippocampus CA1 neurons in mouse and the possible interaction between fast-aging and hippocampus. Methods Using brain slice and extracellular recording technique to record the firing of hippocampus CA1 neurons in fast-aging(SA M-P/8) and normal control mice, after preprocessing, neural firing train were obtained. Using neural firing rate and inter-spike-inter to investigate interaction between fast-aging and hippocampal neural firing. Results The neural firing rate of hippocampus CA1 neurons in fast-aging mice is (1.052±0.364) Hz(n=14), while the neural firing ratein normal control mice is (4.416±1.306) Hz(n=22). In fast-aging mice, 80.5% inter spike intervel(ISI) is longerthan 1sec, but in normal control mice, 95.6% ISI is shorter than 0.5sec. Conclusion The decreased firing rate of hippocampus CA1 and longer ISI observed in the fast-aging mice indicates that fast-aging significantly inhibit hippocampal CA1 neurons excitability.

Long-term potentiation(LTP)is an important form of synaptic plasticity and an objective indicator to investigate learing and memory synaptic mechanisms.With the development of brain slice technology,more and more experiments associated with LTP are carried out on brain slices,which aim to investigate the mechanism in biology and the change in physiology or biochemistry are carried out on the brain slice.This paper gives an overview of recent advances in research of LTP with technology of brain sliceby suchexamples as follows:The regulated expression mechanisms of long-term potentiation at CA1 synapses,the characteristics of LTP induced in hippcampal slices and its relation with the slice-recovery conditions,the enhancement of the magnitude of early longterm potentiation at CA1 hippocampal synapse by the activation of dopamine receptor,and the enhancement of associative long-term potentiation by the activation of β-adrenergic receptors at CA1 synapses in rat hippocampol slices.

Bleeding Time ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; Humans ; von Willebrand Diseases ; diagnosis

A total of 62 patients with radical operation of esophageal carcinoma were divided into all-in-one nursing intervention group (research,n =32) and routine nursing group (control,n =30).With regards to postoperative flatus time,removal of chest tube drainage time,postoperative hospital stay and hospital costs,the research group was lower than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).After 2 weeks,from the postoperative quality of life questionnaire with the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer,the scores of overall health of enteral nutrition group were higher than those of parenteral nutrition group while the symptom scores of fatigue,nausea & vomiting,insomnia,decreased appetite,constipation and economic difficulties were less than parenteral nutrition group (P ＜ 0.05).Early postoperative enteral nutrition can improve the quality of life in patients with esophageal cancer.

Objective To investigate the changes of IL-8 in peripheral blood of patients with pustular psoriasis after acitretin treatment.Methods Dual antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)was performed to measure the IL-8 levels in the peripheral blood of 30 patients with pustular psoriasis and 30 patients with psoriasis vulgaris before and after treatment,and in 30 normal human controls.The relationship between the IL-8 level and disease severity was assessed for patients with pustular psoriasis.Results After acitretin treatment,the condition was improved greatly in patients with pustular psoriasis,together with a significant decrease in the level of IL-8 in the peripheral blood(57.07 ± 12.02 pg/ml vs.96.84 ± 14.68 pg/ml,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion IL-8 may be involved in the therapeutic mechanism of acitretin in pustular psoriasis.

Objective To explore the changes of intereferon-?(IFN-?)and interleukin-4(IL-4)in peripheral blood of children with mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP) encephalitis at the acute phase.Methods The peripheral blood concentrations of IFN-? and IL-4 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) in 24 cases of children with MP encephalitis at the acute stage.The samples from 24 cases of healthy children were control group.Twenty-four children with MP encephalitis were intravenous drip with azithromycin,at the same time,10 cases received hexadecadrol and 15 cases received gamma globulin.Results The serum concentrations of IFN-? and IL-4 in the mycoplasmal encephalitis group were(98.56?12.93) and(45.55?17.58) ng/L,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in control group [(85.35?6.91) and(26.78?9.89) ng/L] respectively(Pa

Objective To investigate the effect of all-in-one nursing intervention on esophageal carcinoma patients with bad emotion and immune function. Methods From the October, 2012 to the October, 2013, 102 patients with radical operation of esophageal carcinoma were divided into all-in-one nursing intervention group (research group, 52cases) and routine nursing group (control group, 50 cases) according to the random number table method.Two groups of patients were evaluated before and after operation of anxiety and depression emotion scores, with the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) .At the same time, two groups of patients were detected the stress and immune index before and after the operation. Results Before operation, two groups of patients with anxiety, depression, stress reaction and immune index were not significantly different (P>0.05).After operation, the study group patients with anxiety and depression scores were significantly lower than those in the control group [(34.6+6.7) points vs. (44.8+7.5) points, (33.7+6.9) points vs. (40.6+7.3) points], the difference was statistically significant (t values were 7.234, 4.902, P<0.05). Eighth days after operation, patients in the control group FBG, CRP and Cor levels were significantly higher in the study group [(6.98±1.12)mmol/L vs.(6.09±0.85)mmol/L,(18.11±5.93) mg/L vs.(9.24±3.22)mg/L,(293.98±69.09)nmol/L vs.(221.97±67.94)nmol/L],the difference was statistically significant (t values were 4.532, 9.336, 5.307, P<0.05). Eighth days after operation, two groups of patients with IgA, IgM were higher than first days after operation [(2.41±0.46)g/L vs.(1.89±0.56)g/L,(2.51±0.58) g/L vs.(1.35±0.67)g/L and (2.36±0.53)g/L vs.(1.82±0.46)g/L, (2.34±0.62)g/L vs. (1.37±0.64) g/L], the difference was statistically significant (t values were 5.174, 9.439, 5.549, 7.850, P<0.05).The total number of patients blood lymphocytes (LYM) and cytokines (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8) were significantly higher than the control group [(2.87±0.65)×109/L vs.(1.98±0.58)×109/L, 0.62±0.10 vs. 0.57±0.07, 0.41±0.08 vs. 0.35 ±0.08, 0.24 ±0.04 vs. 0.26 ±0.05, 2.06 ±0.44 vs. 1.65 ±0.46], the difference was statistically significant (t values were 7.286, 2.915, 6.942, 2.225, 4.601, P<0.05). Conclusion All-in-one nursing intervention can significantly improve the anxiety and depression in patients with esophageal cancer in bad mood, enhance the immune function of patients, conducive to the rehabilitation of patients.

Objective To quantitatively analysis the aortic valve leaf anatomical characteristics in aortic regurgitation(AR) patients by real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (RT-3D-TEE),and screening the parameters which significantly affect AR to further reveal the mechanism of AR.Methods 32 patients with AR were enrolled as AR group and 20 cases of non-AR people were involved as control group.RT-3D-TEE was using to collect images in two groups and offline analysis was performed.4 sets of parameters of the aortic valves(left coronary valve,right coronary valve,and non-coronary valve):leaflet edge length(LL,RL,NL),leaflet height (LH,RH,N H),leaflet length/height ratio (LRa,RRa,NRa),leaflet tip plane distance(LTH,RTH,NTH) were acquired.Parameters of two groups were compared,and the parameters were incorporated into the logistic regression model,then the ROC curves were obtained.Results ①Compared with the control group,LL,RL,NL,RH,LRa,NRa,RRa in AR group increased (P ＜ 0.05),while the rest parameters had no statistical differences (P ＞0.05).②Multivariable logistic regression model gradually screening of the significant factors influencing the reflux,and as a result RL and RTH had significant influence on AR,P values were 0.001,0.011.③The ROC curve analysis showed that the area of RL or RTH curve were both greater than 0.5,which were 0.811 and 0.605 respectively.Conclusions The free edge length and free edge length/height ratio have changed unbalanced.Furthermore,right coronary valve parameters changed significantly,and this might be one of the possible mechanism of AR.