Objective:To know the situation of continuing education for the hospital pharmacists in partial medical institutions of Guizhou province. Methods:An acquired questionnaire was designed and the investigation on partial hospital pharmacists in 91 medi-cal institutions was obtained, the times of participating in different medical conferences and continuing education programs in a year were recorded, and the interested continuing education programs were analyzed. Results:Totally 121 copies of questionnaires showed that 85. 95% hospital pharmacists had less than 5 times of participating in different kinds of medical conferences in a year, and less than 5 continuing education programs were held in 76. 03% medical institutions. The continuing education programs pharmacists inter-ested in were clinical pharmacy, clinical pharmacist training, pharmaceutical affairs management, basic knowledge, technology and practice training, and at the same time, 60 copies of questionnaire showed that there was a clinical pharmacist training plan in their hospital. Conclusion:The level of continuing education for the hospital pharmacists in Guizhou province is still low, and further edu-cation chances for the pharmacists are lacking. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the continuing education chances for the hospital pharmacists in Guizhou province and enhance the education level in order to improve the level of pharmaceutical care.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; etiology ; prevention & control ; HLA Antigens ; immunology ; Haplotypes ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Histocompatibility Testing ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; therapy ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; therapy ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; therapy ; Survival Analysis ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo provide analytical data and automatic method for more quickly and accurately discovering warning signals of adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injections from a large number of adverse reaction data.

METHODConstructed the TCM injection adverse reaction monitoring system, integrated of multiple mining algorithms of warning signals of adverse reactions and automatically generate early warning analysis, and extended the algorithm to achieve better effect of warning and analysis.

RESULTBy data validation, the system can provide consistent warning results with the actual situation.

CONCLUSIONThe established system has good scalability, it can provide warning analysis of adverse reaction data from multiple sources, and provide a basis for decision making to experts in the field.

Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems ; instrumentation ; standards ; Algorithms ; Drug Hypersensitivity ; epidemiology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Humans

Adult ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; Dimethylformamide ; poisoning ; Humans ; Male

Previous studies showed that three methods for regulating and invigorating lung and kidney (lung invigorating and spleen strengthening, lung invigorating and kidney tonifying, and Qi supplementing and kidney nourishing) could regulate inflammatory signaling pathways of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in rats, so as to alleviate inflammation. In the present study, R-value comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the comprehensive effect of three methods for regulating and invigorating lung and kidney on inflammatory signaling pathways. Rats were randomly divided into control, model, lung invigorating and spleen strengthening, lung invigorating and kidney tonifying, Qi supplementing and kidney nourishing and aminophylline groups. The COPD rat models were established by cigarette smoking combined with bacterial infection, and orally administered with drugs between the 9th and 20th week. Afterwards, efforts were made to observe the long-term effects between the drug withdrawal and the 32rd week and detect indicators in two batches in the 20th week and 32th week. Specifically, (1) Linking JAK/STAT signaling pathway: JAK2 mRNA, and protein expressions of STAT-1, STAT-3, STAT-5, JAK-2; (2) NF-kappaB signaling pathway: Smad2 mRNA and protein expressions of I-kappaB, NF-kappaB, TGF-beta1; (3) PPARgamma and antioxidant signaling pathway: SOD, PGE mRNA, PPARgamma protein. According to the results, 5 indicators in JAK/STAT pathway, 4 indicators in NF-kappaB pathway, and 3 indicators in PPARgamma pathway were significantly rectified by three methods for regulating and invigorating lung and kidney in between the 20th week and 32nd week. Between the 20th and 32nd week, the recipes for rectifying JAK/STAT pathway with intensity from high to low were recipes for lung invigorating and spleen strengthening, Qi supplementing and kidney nourishing, lung invigorating and kidney tonifying, aminophylline, particularly those for lung invigorating and spleen strengthening; The recipes for rectifying NF-kappaB pathway with intensity from high to low were recipes for lung invigorating and spleen strengthening, lung invigorating and kidney tonifying, Qi supplementing and kidney nourishing and aminophylline, particularly the first three types of drugs. The recipes for rectifying PPARgamma and antioxidant signaling pathway with intensity from high to low were recipes for lung invigorating and kidney tonifying, Qi supplementing and kidney nourishing, lung invigorating and spleen strengthening and aminophylline. Therefore, three methods for regulating and invigorating lung and kidney showed better long-term effects in regulating COPD lung inflammation signaling pathways. Specifically, recipe for lung invigorating and spleen strengthening showed a better effect in JAK/STAT and NF-kappaB pathways, while recipe for lung invigorating and kidney tonifying and Qi supplementing and kidney nourishing showed better effects in PPARgamma and antioxidant signaling pathways. In conclusion, R-value comprehensive evaluation method can evaluate the comprehensive effect of medicines and define the ranking of multiple drugs and their main targets.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Lung ; drug effects ; immunology ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; NF-kappa B ; immunology ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy ; immunology ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; Smad2 Protein ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects of taurine combined with silybin meglumine in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Methods One hundred patients with NASH were divided into two groups with 50 for each. The patients in the control group received polyene phosphatidyl choline (456 mg) combined with silybin meglumine (100 mg) 3 times daily for 24 weeks. While those in the treatment group received taurine (2 g) combined with silybin meglumine (100 mg) 3 times daily for 24 weeks. All patients were asked to take up basic therapy including drinking without alcohol, restricting sugary and fatty intake, improving food structure, carrying moderate aerobics and lightening body weight. Results At the end of 24 weeks, the clinical symptoms and the liver function ameliorated in two groups. Ultrasonic or CT examination showed that the steatohepatitits was improved significantly in two groups. Additionally, the levels of blood glucose, serum triglyceride and cholesterol as well as BMI decreased simultaneously (all P value <0. 05). Whereas the treatment group was superior to control group in aspect of amelioration of inappetite, nausea and vomiting as well as lever of serum triglyceride (all P value <0. 05). There was no side effect in the treatment group. Conclusion Based on the basic therapy, taurine combined with silybin meglumine can mitigate the degree of NASH, improve the metabolism of blood glucose and lipid with few side-effects.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of L?Arabinose for bowel preparation before colonos?copy. Methods A total of 170 patients who underwent colonoscopy were randomized into 2 groups. The ex?perimental group (n=85) used L?Arabinose for bowel preparation, while the control group (n=85) used polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution ( PEG?ELS ) . The degree of comfort, adverse effects, and the visibility during colonoscopy were observed. Results Premedication of L?Arabinose for bowel preparation yielded to more comfort ( U=-4?349,P=0?000) , less adverse effects (χ2=29?27,P=0?000) , and similar visibility during colonoscopy ( U=-0?875,P=0?381) compared with PEG?ELS. Conclusion L?Arabinose is safe, comfortable, and effective for bowel preparation before colonoscopy.

ObjectiveTo observe the efficacy and safety of dihydroergotoxine in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Methods30 patients with acute ischemic stroke were randomly given dihydroergotoxine 0.6 mg(group 1), 1.5 mg (group 2) or Danshen injection 40 ml (group 3) respectively each day for 14 days,each for 10 cases. ResultsBefore and after treatment, the Scandinavian stroke scores of the three groups were increased(P<0.05). There was no significant difference(P>0.05) between the scores of group 1 and the group 3, but the scores of group 2 was higher than that of the group 3 and group 1(P<0.05). The common side-effect of both dihydroergotoxine groups were nausea, vomit, headache, palpitation and transient hypotention, which was more frequently apeared in group of 1.5 mg. ConclusionDihydroergotoxine and Danshen injection are all useful in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. It is more efficient using higher dose of dihydroergotoxine. But as the dose going on, there will be more side-effect.

Objective:To know the work status of clinical pharmacy in medical institutions of Guizhou province. Methods:Ques-tionnaires were used to analyze the situation of clinical pharmacy in 108 medical institutions of Guizhou province. Results: A total of 246 questionnaires were taken back, and among the 231 valid questionnaires were received including gradeⅡor above hospitals. The main contents of clinical pharmacy work carried out in medical institutions included 7 aspects: pharmacists ’ participation in ward rounds, which accounted for 47. 11%; pharmacists’ participation in case consultation, which accounted for 16. 65%; pharmacists’ participation in teaching practice, which accounted for 38. 84%; pharmacists’ participation in prescription evaluation and analysis, which accounted for 72. 73%;pharmacists’ participation in antimicrobial drug monitoring and drug use evaluation, which accounted for 62. 37%;pharmacists’ participation in drug counsultation and education, which accounted for 58. 68%;pharmacists’ participation in adverse drug reaction monitoring and supervision, which accounted for 77. 32%. Conclusion:The development of clinical pharmacy in Guizhou province still lags behind, and the number of clinical pharmacists is insufficient, which can’ t meet the growing demand for personalized medicine. In particular, the development of clinical pharmacy is restricted by the limited pharmaceutical service. The cog-nition degree of pharmacist group in Guizhou province has been improved. However, the number and the service quality of clinical pharmacists need to be improved further.

Objective To explore the relationship between pulse wave velocity(PWV)and blood pressure classification and cardiovascular risk factors stratification in patients with essential hypertension. Methods Totally,390 patients with essential hypertension were recruited in the study and their carotid- femoral PWVs were recorded by an automatic pulse wave velocity measurement system.The patients were stratified by their cardiovascular risk factors.PWVs were compared between patients with varied blood pressures or with and without cardiovascular risk factors.Results There was no significant difference in PWV between patients of phase 1 and phase 2 hypertension,[(10.8?1.7)m/s vs.(11.9?1.2)m/s,P =0.398].PWV in patients with more than one risk factor was significantly higher than that in those with hypertension alone,[(10.4?1.4)m/s vs.(11.7?1.4)m/s,P=0.018].Conclusions PWV in hypertensive patients with one or more than one other risk factors was significantly higher than that in those without other risk factors.Cardiovascular risk factor might play a more important role in arterial stiffness.