· Application of capsular tension ring ( CTR ) in phacoemulsification has become a common method to increase the stability of the capsular bag. CTR can effectively reduce the posterior capsular opacification ( PCO) , prevent intraocular lens ( lOL ) decentration and tilt, not cause lOL degree deviation and aberration increase.ln this review, we summarized the development overview of CTR in phacoemulsification.

Antigens, CD20 ; analysis ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; adverse effects ; CD79 Antigens ; analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Liver Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Young Adult

Carcinoma, Medullary ; complications ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; complications ; pathology

AIM:To establish the GC fingerprint of Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution.METHODS:The volatile constituents of Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution were analyzed by capillary GC with FID detector using hydrodistillation and hexane extraction under n-hepladecane used as the reference substance.RESULTS:GC fingerprint of Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution,16 common peaks were established on the basis of systematic methodology after 10 batches of samples were tested.Variation in the relative retention time of 16 identified common peaks were within 0.5% range.CONCLUSION:The analytical method for Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution is precise and reliable.The research would be helpful to offer an effective pattern for quality control of Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution.

Objective To study the expression level of thyroid insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ) in iodine deficiency and excess mice and the effect of thyroid gland IGF-Ⅰ in the thyroid morphological change. Methods Forty-eight Balb/c mice were chosen as studied objects,weighing about 16 g. They were divided into three groups: low iodine(LI,iodine content of 50 μg/kg in feed,drinking deironized water) group,normoi(NI,iodine content of 300 μg/kg in feed,drinking deironized water) group and high(HI,iodine content of 300 μg/kg in feed,iodoine of content 14 700 μg/kg in drinking) group,16 mice in each group. Mice were put to death after 12 weeks and taken out of their thyroid gland. The body weight,absolute and relative weights of thyroid gland were measured and the morphological change of thyroid gland were observed under microscope. The expression levels of thyroid gland IGF-Ⅰ mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry,respectively. Results There were statistical significances between groups of thyroid absolute and relative weights(F = 315.881,405.921,all P < 0.01). LI group [(10.71±4.03) mg,(44.98±15.39)mg/100 g body weight]and HI group [(3.42±1.17)mg,(13.50± 3.89)mg/100 g body weight]had heavier thyroid absolute and relative weights than NI group[(2.11±0.53)mg,(8.35±1.98)mg/100 g body weight,all P < 0.01]. Under microscopy,the thyroid follicle capacity grew down and the follicle quantity grew up in LI group,the epithelium was stylolitic,the colloid diminished or absence in follicular cavity,while HI group presented colloid accumulation without follicular hyperplasia. The expression level of thyroid gland IGF-Ⅰ mRNA in LI group(1.03±0.32) was more than that in NI(0.65±0.19) and HI(0.59± 0.20) groups(F= 7.518,P< 0.01). In contrast to NI,there was no difference in the expression level of thyroid gland IGF-Ⅰ mRNA in HI group(P > 0.05). The brownish particles of LI group were more than NI and HI groups in the thyroid follicle epithelium by immunohistochemistry,while HI group was less than NI group. Conclusions The mice of iodine deficiency presented follicular hyperplasia goiter,the mice of iodine excess presented colloid accumulative goiter. The change of IGF-Ⅰ mRNA and protein expression may participate morphologleal change,indicating autocrine IGF-Ⅰ of thyroid gland may play an important role in regulating goiter formation.

Objective To observe the clinical changes in resin and porcelain veneer in restoring dental fluorosis in order to provide a basis for the repair of dental fluorosis. Methods Fifty six severe dental fluorosis patients were divided into porcelain and resin teeth group in the department of Prosthetics, school of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University during 2005 to 2008. All 162 teeth of 25 patients in porcelain group were veneered with porcelain. 201 teeth of 31 patients in resin group were repaired with resin. To evaluat the clinic effect, the veneer surface color was detected by the Easyshade computer-aided colorimeter when the repair was completed and 18 months afterward. The edge of veneer adaptation, retention, secondary caries and abutment were examined after 18 months, and classified by color, shape, function and feeling. Results The color difference between the porcelain and resin teeth group was 0.27±0.20 and 0.21±0.15 when it was completed, and it was 0.28±0.21 and 0.77± 0.68 respectively after 18 months. The color difference value of the porcelain teeth group was lower when it was completed than 18 months later(t=-13.55, P<0.01). The color difference value of the resin teeth group was lower than the porcelain teeth group after 18 months(t=-12.60, P<0.01). The percentage of level A of veneer adaptation in the porcelain group[100%(162/162)] was higher than the resin group[91.04% (183/201), χ2=15.26, P< 0.01) after 18 months. The clinical effect was divided into three degrees of excellent, moderate or failed, into which the number of the teeth catergorized was 158, 4 and 0 in porcelain group, 148, 56 and 4 in resin group respectively. The clinical effect of the porcelain group was superior to the resin group(χ2=44.24, P<0.01). Conclusions The surface color of porcelain veneer last 16nger than the resin veneer, the adaptation and clinical effect is also superior to the resin veneer. But the long-term efficacy of two methods needs further study, especially of the resin veneer.

AIM:To establish the GC fingerprint of Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution.METHODS:The volatile constituents of Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution were analyzed by capillary GC with FID detector using hydrodistillation and hexane extraction under n-heptadecane used as the reference substance.RESULTS:GC fingerprint of Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution,16 common peaks were established on the basis of systematic methodology after 10 batches of samples were tested.Variation in the relative retention time of 16 identified common peaks were within 0.5% range.CONCLUSION:The analytical method for Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution is precise and reliable.The research would be helpful to offer an effective pattern for quality control of Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution.

AIMTo evaluate the joint action of phoxim and fenvalerate on the reproductive function in male Sprague-Dawley rats.

METHODSThe 2 x 2 factorial analysis experiment was used in the study. The pesticides were orally given at daily doses of phoxim (Pho) 8.2 mg/kg, fenvalerate (Fen) 3.3 mg/kg and Pho 8.2+Fen 3.3 mg/kg (Pho:Fen = 5:2), 5 days a week for 60 days. Sperm motility was measured with computer-assisted sperm motility analysis (CASA) and daily sperm production estimated. Immunoenzymatic method and electron microscopy were used to evaluate the serum testosterone and the testicular morphology, respectively.

RESULTSThere were significant decreases in sperm motility parameters in the treated animals, including straight line velocity (VSL), beat cross frequency (BCF), linearity (LIN) and straightness (STR). After treated with Fen, significant decreases in VSL, LIN and STR were demonstrated. Significant decreases of daily sperm production were seen in animals treated with Pho and Pho+Fen in comparison with the controls. Serum testosterone levels were not significantly changed in the treated groups. Factorial ANOVA showed that no significant interactions were noted between Pho and Fen in sperm motility, sperm production and serum testosterone. Both the single and mixed pesticides caused various degrees of testicular lesions, involving vacuolation of endoplasmic reticulum and necrosis of Sertoli cells.

CONCLUSIONThe pesticides may cause sperm motility changes and testicular lesions in male rats. The action of Pho and Fen may be additive.

Animals ; Drug Interactions ; Insecticides ; pharmacology ; Male ; Nitriles ; Organothiophosphorus Compounds ; pharmacology ; Pyrethrins ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reproduction ; drug effects ; Sperm Motility ; drug effects ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; Testis ; cytology ; drug effects ; ultrastructure ; Testosterone ; blood

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of fenvalerate (Fen) on ovarian calcium homeostasis.

METHODShGLCs were obtained from pre-ovulatory follicles in an in vitro fertilization program, and were cultured for 72 hours. Changes in cellular [Ca(2+)]i induced by Fen in hGLCs were detected with laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) by using the fluorescent Ca(2+) indicator fluo-3/AM. SD female rats were divided into four groups (control, 1/15LD(50), 1/50 LD(50) and 1/250 LD(50)) in experiment. The activity of ovarian Ca(2+)-ATPase and phosphorylase A (P-a) and the contents of calmodulin (CaM) were assessed after a 30-day Fen exposure. In addition, serum estradiol-17 beta (E(2)) and progesterone (P(0)) concentration were measured by radioimmunoassay, which the sampling rats were ensured at diestrus stage before killed according to vaginal smear.

RESULTS20.0 and 2.0 micromol/L Fen induced the increased of [Ca(2+)]i in hGLC. This [Ca(2+)]i increase mostly resulted from Ca(2+) influx in the studied concentration. Fen had shown the inhibition effects on activity of Ca(2+)-ATPase in 1/250 LD(50) group (P < 0.001) while the activity of phosphorylase A (P-a) in treated groups had significantly enhanced than those of in control. The contents of CaM in ovaries were found to be increased in treated groups. E(2) in 1/250 LD(50) group were higher while P(0) in 1/15 LD(50) group were significantly lower (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONExposure to Fen interferes the serum steroid hormone concentrations partly through calcium signal pathway.

Adenosine Triphosphatases ; metabolism ; Animals ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; blood ; Granulosa Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Homeostasis ; drug effects ; Humans ; Insecticides ; toxicity ; Nitriles ; Ovary ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Pyrethrins ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To establish high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detector(HPLC-ECD) method for the determination for metanephrine and normetanephrine in 24 h urine, and provide a superior test for the diagnostic of pheochromocytomas over plasma/urine catecholamine.Methods MCX solid-phase cartridge was used for extraction of metanephrine and normetanephrine,HPLC-ECD was used for their measurements.The intra-assay CVs,interassay CVs and recoveries of metanephrine and normetanephrine were also calculated.104 hypertensive patients without pheochromocytomas and 5 pheochromocytomas patients were selected in this study.The concentrations of metanephrine and normetanephrine were compared with the plasma and 24h urinary catecholamines concentrations.Results The intra-assay CV,inter-assay CV and recovery of metanephrine were 5.9%, 7.5%,91.1% respectively;the intra-assay CV,inter-assay CV and recovery of normetanephrine were 6.3%,6.6%,88.5%,respectively.The MN,NMN,plasma CA and urine CA of all pheochromocytomas patients were positive.MN and NMN were negative in controls,while plasma CA and urine CA are false positive in 15 patients and 14 patients in controls,respectively.Conclusions The study establish a fast and accurate method for quantification of metanephrine and normetanephrine in 24 h urine by HPLC-ECD.These findings also prove that it is the best biochemical assays for pheochromocytomas at present.