Objective to compare the application value of MELD score,AIMS65 score and platelet-albumin-bilirubin index(PALBI)in the prediction of 28 d death in patients with cirrhosis combined with acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage(AUGIB)with a view to providing a reference basis for clinical screening of the most appropriate prognostic prediction score.Methods 378 patients with cirrhosis AUGIB treated in the Department of Critical Care Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2020 to December 2023 were retrospectively included,and were categorized into 60(15.9％)in the death group and 318(84.1％)in the survival group based on 28 d survival.Clinical data of all cirrhotic AUGIB patients were retrospectively collected through an online medical record system,and MELD score,AIMS65 score and PALBI score were calculated.The effects of MELD score,AIMS65 score,and PALBI score on death in cirrhotic AUGIB patients were analyzed using binary logistic regression,and finally,the efficacy of these three scores in predicting death in cirrhotic AUGIB patients was assessed using ROC curves.Results Univariate analysis showed that the proportion of diabetes mellitus and hepatic encephalopathy,as well as the prothrombin time,erythrocyte distribution width,C-reactive protein,MELD score,AIMS65 score,and PALBI score were increased and albumin was decreased in the death group compared with the survival group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that after correcting for confounders such as diabetes mellitus,proportion of hepatic encephalopathy,and prothrombin time,the MELD score(OR=1.621,95％CI:1.185-2.217),AIMS65 score(OR=1.914,95％CI:1.361-2.690),PALBI score(OR=1.984,95％CI:1.410-2.791)were independent risk factors for death in patients with cirrhosis AUGIB.The ROC curves showed that the AUCs of MELD score,AIMS65 score,and PALBI score for predicting death at 28 d of cirrhosis were 0.685(95％CI:0.614-0.756),0.828(95％CI:0.771-0.885),0.860(95％CI:0.808-0.913).Conclusion MELD score,AIMS65 score,and PALBI score were all independent risk factors for death in cirrhotic AUGIB patients and suggestive of prognostic risk,with AIMS65 score and PALBI score having the highest predictive value.

OBJECTIVETo study the relations between anthropometric parameters [body mass index (BMI), percent of body fat, waist circumference] and blood lipids of urban children in Beijing and to compare the ability of prediction effect of waist circumference, percent body fat and BMI on lipid profiles.

METHODS852 children aged 9-10 were recruited with multi-stage sampling. Serum lipids of children were measured using automatic biochemical instrument. Fisher's exact test, trend test and median regression were used to analyze the data from 847 subjects with valid information.

RESULTS(1)With the rise of the BMI, percent body fat and waist circumference, total triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein choleasterol (LDL-C) showed increasing trends while high density lipoprotein choleasterol (HDL-C) had a decreasing trend(P < 0.01). (2)TG was mainly influenced by waist circumference (t = 6.86), sex (t = 3.96) and percent of body fat (t = 1.85); TC was influenced by percent of body fat (t = 5.31); LDL-C was influenced by waist circumference (t = 4.65), height (t = -2.79) and percent age of body fat (t = 2.77); HDL-C was influenced by waist circumference (t = -12.24), sex (1= -5.83).

CONCLUSIONWith the aggravation of children's fatness (BMI, WC and PBF), serum lipids would increase and WC seemed to be the best predictor for lipids among BMI, WC and PBF.

Body Composition ; Body Height ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; China ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Humans ; Triglycerides ; blood ; Urban Population ; Waist Circumference

Objective:To explore the value of metagenomics next generation sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid in the diagnosis test of the pathogen of neurobrucellosis.Methods:Medical records of neurobrucellosis patients who were admitted to Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University from May 2017 to February 2021 were reviewed. Seven patients who underwent cerebrospinal fluid metagenomics next generation sequencing were enrolled. Their clinical characteristics, cerebrospinal fluid results, serological and pathogenic results were analyzed.Results:Among the seven neurobrucellosis patients, including five males and two females, the age was from 21 to 49 [38 (24, 47)] years. Three patients had a history of exposure to cattle and sheep. The duration from onset to diagnosis was 2 to 30 [12 (5, 18)] months. The main neurological manifestations were headache for seven patients, loss of hearing for three patients, paralysis for four patients and urinary and fecal dysfunction for four patients. The blood tests showed that the rose bengal test was positive in three of seven patients, Brucella serum agglutination test was positive in four of six patients, and the blood culture was negative in four patients. The cerebrospinal fluid tests showed that rose bengal test was positive in one of five patients, Brucella serum agglutination test was positive in two of four patients, and the cerebrospinal fluid culture was positive in two of five patients. Cerebrospinal fluid metagenomics next generation sequencing was positive for Brucella in five patients.Conclusions:Comparing with the cerebrospinal fluid Brucella serum agglutination test and cerebrospinal fluid culture, cerebrospinal fluid metagenomics next generation sequencing is sensitive to the diagnosis of neurobrucellosis. It is recommended to perform cerebrospinal fluid metagenomics next generation sequencing in patients with clinically suspected neurobrucellosis or central nervous system infections of which the pathogen cannot be confirmed.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of hemodynamic changes in superior mesenteric artery(SMA)of patients with acute suppurative appendicitis(ASA)to facilitate the diagnosis of ASA.Methods Ninety-three ASA patients diagnosed by ultrasound and confirmed by pathology in some hospital from January 2015 to December 2022 were enrolled into an ASA group,and 88 soldiers without abnormalities in the annual physical examination at the hospital in 2021 were divided into a control group,and the two groups were compared in terms of SMA hemodynamic indexes including peak systolic velocity(PSV),end diastolic velocity(EDV),resistance index(RI)and systolic/diastolic ratio(S/D).The statistically significant data of the above indexes were selected to draw the ROC curve and obtain the cut-off values.SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results The PSV was(212±69)cm/s in the ASA group and(118±26)cm/s in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05),and the two groups had the differences in EDV,RI,and S/D not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The ROC curve was plotted based on the PSV data,and a cutoff value of 238 cm/s was obtained with an AUC of 0.714.Conclusion Ultrasound examination of SMA hemodynamic changes in suspected ASA patients facilitates a definitive diagnosis and is of guidance for clinical treatment.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2023,44(10):64-67]

Objective To investigate the effect of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) on H9c2 cardiomyocytes against ischemia/reperfusion injury(I/R) by constructing GDF15 stable over expression of myocardial cell lines.Methods To establish the model of hypoxia/reoxygenation,transfect targeted GDF15 over expression lentivirus and negative empty vector lentivirus into H9c2 cells,and select the H9c2 cells of GDF15 gene over expression stably.Randomly assigned to control group,transfected with empty vector(H9c2/Sham) and GDF15 over expression group (H9c2/GDF15).Cell viability was detected by MTT.And lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in supernatant of cell culture was measured by LDH kit.The expression levels of apoptosis-related protein Caspase-3,Bcl-2,Bax and autophagy-related protein Beclin-1,LC3-B protein were observed with Western-blotting.Results Compared with control group (60.47 ± 5.03) ％ and H9c2/Sham group (63.21 ± 17.13) ％,the H9c2/GDF15 group (74.93 ± 10.03) ％ increased significantly,the difference was statistically significant after I/R 2 h (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with control group 108.72 ± 7.20,the activity of LDH in H9c2/GDF15 group 50.29 ± 10.05,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.01).To apoptosis-related protein Caspase-3,the expression in H9c2/GDF15 group (gray value 67.68 ±0.47) was lower than control group (gray value 99.73 ±0.61),the difference was statistically significant after I/R2 h(P ＜0.01).The Bcl-2/Bax in H9c2/GDF15 group 82.52 ± 1.39 was higher than control group 72.52 ±2.05 and H9c2/Sham group 39.55 ± 0.46,the difference was statistically significant after I/R 2 h (P＜0.01).To autophagy-related protein Beclin-1,the expression in H9c2/GDF15 group (gray value 88.39 ±0.72) was higher than control group (gray value 58.93 ± 0.64) and H9c2/Sham group (gray value 36.71 ±0.35),the difference was statistically significant(P ＜0.01).The LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ in H9c2/GDF15 group (3.32 ±0.04) was higher than control group(2.11 ± 0.02),the difference was statistically significant (P ＜0.01).Conclusion Up-regulation of GDF15 in H9c2 cells protected myocardial cells H9c2 and its protective mechanism may be achieved by promoting the autophagy of cells.

Bombesin receptor subtype-3(BRS-3) is an orphan receptor in the bombesin receptor family. Its signal transduction mechanism and biological function have attracted much attention. Seeking the ligand for BRS-3 is of great significance for exploring its function. Considering the fact that the activation of BRS-3 receptor can induce the change in intracellular Ca~(2+) concentration, the fluo-rometric imaging plate reader(FLIPR) was utilized for ligand screening at the cellular level. Among more than 400 monomeric compounds isolated from Chinese herbs, yuanhunine from Corydalis Rhizoma and sophoraisoflavanone A and licoriphenone from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma antagonized BRS-3 to varying degrees. It was confirmed in HEK293 cells expressing BRS-3 that yuanhunine, sophoraisoflavanone A, and licoriphenone inhibited the calcium current response after the activation of BRS-3 by [D-Phe~6,β-Ala~(11),Phe~(13),Nle~(14)]bombesin-(6-14) in a dose-dependent manner with the IC_(50) values being 8.58, 4.10, and 2.04 μmol·L~(-1), respectively. Further study indicated that yuanhunine and sophoraisoflavanone A exhibited good selectivity for BRS-3. In this study, it was found for the first time that monomers derived from Chinese herbs had antagonistic activity against orphan receptor BRS-3, which has provided a tool for further study of BRS-3 and also the potential lead compounds for new drug discovery. At the same time, it provides reference for the research and development of innovative drugs based on the active ingredients of Chinese herbs.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Ligands ; Receptors, Bombesin

To clone human interleukin-26 (hIL-26) and express it in E. coli efficiently. Two pairs of primers were synthesized according to the hIL-26 gene reported on GenBank. The hIL-26 gene was cloned by nest PCR following the first round RT-PCR from human peripherial blood monocytes total RNA, and then the PCR product was cloned into pMD18-T vector. Colony PCR, restriction analysis and sequence analysis showed that the gene cloned was the same as the reported hIL-26. The recombinant was cut with BamHI and EcoR I to obtain the hIL-26 fragment, and then the fragment was inserted into pBV220 which was cut with the same enzymes. The recombinant expression vector was induced to express hIL-26 at 42 degrees C, SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the recombinant protein accounted for up to 20% of the whole protein of E. coli, and the protein was also confirmed by Western blotting. Purity of the protein was found to be above 90% after purified with molecular sieve. After renaturalized with glutathione buffer, the promoting effect of it on the production of IFN-y in PBMC was detected by RT-PCR. A recombinant bacterial strain for expressing hIL-26 with biological activity was constructed successfully.
Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Interleukins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

AIMTo promote the provision of reproductive health services to young people by exploring the attitudes and perceptions of university students in Shanghai, China, toward reproductive health.

METHODSFrom July 2004 to May 2006, 5 243 students from 14 universities in Shanghai took part in our survey. Topics covered the demands of reproductive health-care services, attitudes towards and experience with sex, exposure to pornographic material, and knowledge on sexual health and sexually transmitted infections (STIs)/AIDS.

RESULTSOf the 5 067 students who provided valid answer sheets, 50.05% were female and 49.95% were male, 14.86% were medical students, and 85.14% had non-medical backgrounds. A total of 38.4% of respondents had received reproductive health education previously. The majority of students supported school-based reproductive health education, and also acquired information about sex predominantly from books, schoolmates, and the Internet. Premarital sexual behavior was opposed by 17.7% of survey participants, and 37.5% could identify all the three types of STIs listed in the questionnaire. Although 83.7% knew how HIV is transmitted, only 55.7% knew when to use a condom and 57.8% knew that the use of condoms could reduce the risk of HIV infection.

CONCLUSIONThe reproductive health service is lagging behind current attitudes and demands of university students. Although students' attitudes towards sexual matters are liberal, their knowledge about reproductive health and STIs/AIDS is still limited. It is therefore necessary to provide effective and confidential reproductive health services to young people.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Attitude to Health ; China ; Female ; HIV Infections ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; statistics & numerical data ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Male ; Perception ; Reproductive Health Services ; utilization ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Student Health Services ; utilization ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Universities

OBJECTIVETo understand the risk factors on severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) among their contacts and to develop effective strategy for its control.

METHODSAvailable epidemiological data of SARS cases and close contacts were reviewed and analyzed by SPSS.

RESULTSOut of the 2195 close contacts, 138 (6.3%) were diagnosed as SARS. Among colleagues and classmates of SARS patients, the infection rate was 0.36% versus 31.71% in contacts among families and hospitals, 0.77% in schools. No one was infected among 459 close contacts to SARS in the working unit.

CONCLUSIONSAmong close contacts, factors that facilitating transmission would include: time, extent, frequency and place of contact to the patients, as well as factors related to close contacts as way, time of isolation and age. One of the epidemiological characteristics was that SARS were as clustered in the family among those close contacts. It is important to control the spread of SARS through supervision on the close contacts to patients.

Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Contact Tracing ; Cross Infection ; transmission ; Family Health ; Female ; Humans ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Isolation ; Quarantine ; statistics & numerical data ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; transmission

BACKGROUND: Sleep disorders are common but under-researched symptoms in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA). We investigated the frequency and factors associated with sleep-related symptoms in patients with MSA and the impact of sleep disturbances on disease severity. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 165 patients with MSA. Three sleep-related symptoms, namely Parkinson's disease (PD)-related sleep problems (PD-SP), excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), were evaluated using the PD Sleep Scale-2 (PDSS-2), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and RBD Screening Questionnaire (RBDSQ), respectively. Disease severity was evaluated using the Unified MSA Rating Scale (UMSARS). RESULTS: The frequency of PD-SP (PDSS-2 score of ≥18), EDS (ESS score of ≥10), and RBD (RBDSQ score of ≥5) in patients with MSA was 18.8%, 27.3%, and 49.7%, respectively. The frequency of coexistence of all three sleep-related symptoms was 7.3%. Compared with the cerebellar subtype of MSA (MSA-C), the parkinsonism subtype of MSA (MSA-P) was associated with a higher frequency of PD-SP and EDS, but not of RBD. Binary logistic regression revealed that the MSA-P subtype, a higher total UMSARS score, and anxiety were associated with PD-SP; that male sex, a higher total UMSARS score, the MSA-P subtype, and fatigue were associated with EDS; and that male sex, a higher total UMSARS score, and autonomic onset were associated with RBD in patients with MSA. Stepwise linear regression showed that the number of sleep-related symptoms (PD-SP, EDS, and RBD), disease duration, depression, fatigue, and total Montreal Cognitive Assessment score were predictors of disease severity in patients with MSA. CONCLUSIONS Sleep-related disorders were associated with both MSA subtypes and the severity of disease in patients with MSA, indicating that sleep disorders may reflect the distribution and degree of dopaminergic/non-dopaminergic neuron degeneration in MSA.
Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Multiple System Atrophy ; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder ; Severity of Illness Index ; Sleep