Objective To evaluate changes in cerebral blood flow before and after cranioplasty by 256-slice Spiral CT perfusion imaging,and evaluate the effect of cranioplasty on the cerebral blood flow in patients with skull defect.Methods 256-slice spiral CT scan was performed in 20 cases with early cranioplasty surgery,CTP check time points were 1 to 2 days before and 10 to 14 days after cranioplasty surgery.We recorded the the CBF and CBV of the cortex,basal ganglia,and thalamus and other parts,MTT on rCBV,parameter values rCBF,MTT and 1TrP etc.and analyzed and compared.(RCBF,rCBV,MTT and TTP) Results The CBF of cortex after cranioplasty at injured side had statistically significant increase (P＜0.05).The CBF of cortex,basic nuclei,thalamus on contrateral had no statistically significant difference.The cerebral blood flow on both sides of the basal ganglia and the thalamus was increased after surgery,but there was no significant difference between before and after surgery (P＞0.05) Conclusion Cranioplasty can significantly improve the ipsilateral cortex cerebral blood flow,and CT brain perfusion can accurately assess changes in brain tissue blood flow before and after cranioplasty.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of propotol against hepatic ischemiareperfusion injury in rats on mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) and the mechanism of GSK-3β.Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly assigned into five groups (n =6):sham operation group (S group),ischemia reperfusion group (I/R group),CsA pretreatment group (C group),propofol pretreatment group (P group),and propofol plus atractyloside pretreatment group (A + P group).Nauta liver ischemia-reperfusion rat model was used.Liver lobes were subjected to warm ischemia for 60min and then reperfusion for 120 min.In P group,propofol [12 mg/(kg · h)] was administered in the femoral vein for 30 min before ischemia until the end of reperfusion.In C group,CsA (2 mg/kg) was administered in the femoral vein for 20min before ischemia.In A + P group,20 μmol/kg of atractyloside was given through the femoral vein 10min before the injection of propofol.Rats were sacrificed at the end of reperfusion,and venous blood and hepatic tissue specimens from the same part of ischemia were obtained from different groups.Results Compared with S group,the AST and ALT levels were increased significantly,mitochondrial swelling were increased and mitochondrial membrane potential were decreased significantly in I/R group and A + P group.Casepase-3 were increased significantly and p-GSK3β Ser9 were decreased significantly in I/R group and A + P group.Compared with I/R group,the content of AST and ALT were decreased significantly,mitochondrial swelling were decreased and mitochondrial membrane potential were increased significantly,casepase-3 release were decreased significantly and p-GSK3β Ser9 were increased significantly in P group and C group.GSK-3β in each group displayed no significant difference.Conclusions Propofol can significantly reduce hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.The protective effect of propofol may be achieved via the inhibition of GSK-3β activation,increased p-GSK-3β Ser9 level,suppressing MPTP opening and decreasing hepatocytes apoptosis.

Objective To investigate if the 23 strains of highly-resistant P.aeruginosa isolated from different patients in the in- tensive care unit (ICU) have the same origin;and explore the related mechanisms of carbapenem resistance in these multidrug- resistant P.aeruginosa.MethOds Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using disk-diffusion technique.The strains were genotyped by rep-PCR with the primer ERIC2 followed by electrophoresis in agarose gel.We used a previously described imipenem-EDTA double-disk test for screening MBL-producing P.aeruginosa.Polymerase chain reaction for amplification of blaOprD, blaIMP, and bla VIM were performed to detect corresponding mutants.Results The result of antimicrobial suscepti- bility testing showed that 20 of the 23 P.aeruginosa isolates were muhidrug-resistant and highly resistant to imipenem and meropenem, and at least 5 antimicrobial agents tested in this study.The analysis of the rep-PCR products indicated that all the 19 carbapenem-resistant strains had an identical band pattern, which was different from that seen in the sensitive strains.Al- though imipenem-EDTA double-disk test identified 5 MBL-producing strains, PCR found that all the 23 strains were negative for bla VIM and blaIMP.Only one OprD-deficient mutant was identified.Conclusions The 19 highly-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa derive from a common origin.More researches are needed to clarify their mechanism of carbapenem resistance.

Objective To establish a method for rapidly detecting the G-protein ?3 subunit (GNB3) 825 site single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and to analyse the relationship between GNB3 825 site gene SNP and obesity. Methods The real-time fluorescent PCR was employed to analyse the GNB3 825 site gene SNP of 420 samples from 21 provinces and the the frequencies of genotypes were compared with those detected by gene sequencing. GNB3 825 site genotype, body weight, body mass index (BMI) and fat content were examined from 207 subjects and the correlation between GNB3 825 site gene SNP and obesity was analysed. Results The result by real-time fluorescent PCR showed that the frequencies of 825T and 825C haploid were 46.90% and 53.10%, respectively, and the frequencies of 825TT, 825TC and 825CC genotype were 22.38%, 51.42% and 28.10%, respectively, with no other genotype detected, which was consistent with the result by gene sequencing. BMI and fat content were significantly higher in subjects with GNB3 825TT than in subjects with other genotypes. Body weight was much higher in subjects with GNB3 825TT genotype than in subjects with 825CC genotype, but not significantly different with 825CT genotype. Conclusion A new rapid method for the detection of GNB3 825 site SNP has been successfully established. There existed significant correlation between GNB3 825TT genotype and obesity.

Animals ; Male ; Particle Size ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; chemically induced ; Silicon Dioxide ; chemistry ; toxicity

At present, cancer is still one of the most serious threats to human health. Despite the wide application of multiple cancer therapies in clinical practice, the therapeutic effects of most cancers are still far from satisfactory. In recent years, the discovery of regulated cell death may be a good first step on the road to treat cancer. Ferroptosis is triggered by lipid peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids in cell membrane catalyzed by iron ion. It has been widely concerned as an emerging target for cancer therapy. With the booming of biomedical nanotechnology, ferroptosis as an emerging therapeutic target has attracted extensive attention. Here, we review the advance on the intersection of ferroptosis and biomedical nanotechnology. First, the research background of ferroptosis and nano-preparation as well as the feasibility of ferroptosis-based nano-drug delivery systems (nano-DDS) for cancer treatment are presented and analyzed. Then, the strategies for inducing ferroptosis based on nano-DDS are summarized, mainly including: the promotion of Fenton reaction, the inhibition of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX-4) and the restriction of the cysteine-glutamate exchange transporter (system Xc^-). Furthermore, the combination therapy strategies based on biomedical nanotechnology induced ferroptosis are also discussed. Finally, we shine the spotlight on the prospects and challenges of ferroptosis-based nanotherapeutics in clinical application.

Animals ; Biological Warfare ; Burns ; pathology ; Burns, Chemical ; pathology ; Chemical Warfare ; China ; Humans ; Military Medicine ; Radiation Injuries ; pathology ; Wounds, Gunshot ; pathology

Animals ; Anticarcinogenic Agents ; pharmacology ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; Food-Drug Interactions ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Herb-Drug Interactions ; Humans ; Plant Preparations ; pharmacology

″Herb-Pairs″, also known as pair drugs, refers to a prescription consisted of two relatively fixed traditional Chinese medicine, is the most basic, most simple and most common form of medication prescription in traditional Chinese medicine compound compatibility. It is not a random combination of two herbs, nor is the simple accumulation of efficacy, but the simple and delicate experience of ancient Chinese medicine practitioners. As a bridge between single drug and prescriptions, it is the embodiment of the regular and dialectical connotation. Therefore, research on Herb-Pairs has always been the most basic and most important entry point for compound compatibility studies. However, the interaction between herbs and herbs is an effect with a downside as well as benefits. The beneficial herb-herb interaction in Herb-Pairs include mutual promotion, mutual enhancement, mutual restraint between two drugs and counteract toxicity of another drug. And the harmful herb- herb interaction in Herb- Pairs includes mutual inhibition and antagonism. All of these interactions areby means of affecting the metabolism of components to play a therapeutic effect. Using the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) binding model, the combination of drug metabolism and pharmacodynamics can further elucidate the influence on effect caused by drug concentration and metabolism, which can help elucidate the mechanism of drug action. Consequently, in this review, the herb-herb interactions in terms of pharmacokinetic were summarized to elucidate rule of TCM compatibility.

The effect of initial substrate concentration on the growth,metabolic activities of Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) in the process of hydrogen production is studied.The empirical relation of the initial substrate concentration to the specific growth rate,specific substrate consumption rate and specific hydrogen production rate of PSB are developed based on the modified Monod model.It is found that the results given by the model are well agreed with the experimental data in growth phase and stationary phase of PSB.Meanwhile,the optimal substrate concentration in the process of growth,metabolism and hydrogen production is 50 mmol/L.Furthermore,when the initial substrate concentration deviates 50 mmol/L,the activation of PSB is limited or inhibited,and the inhibiting effect is more prominent than the limiting effect.In addition,it is demonstrated that initial substrate concentration has little effect on the specific substrate consumption rate.