Objective To discuss the feature of transient intrahepatic cholestasis in early stage of orthotopic liver transplantation. Methods Based on the review of early (within 1 month) postoperative hyperbilirubinemia in consecutive 200 patients undergoing liver transplantation, we summarized the occurrence, development and outcome of early postoperative intrahepatic cholestasis. Results Early transient intrahepatic cholestasis was identified in 112 patients. The characteristic of early intrahepatic cholestasis is that DBIL and?-GT increasingly elevated from the second or third day postoperatively, with a peak on the 7 - 14th d, then descended to normal level on approximately 21 -28th day. The average peak level of DBIL and?-GT were( 157. 32?82. 08)?mol/L and (172?80) IU/L respectively. During the period of DBIL and?-GT ascending, AST and ALT kept descending, and within 1 week it could fall to normal level. Acute rejection, drug toxicosis and bile duct obstruction were excluded. Conclusions Postoperative early transient intrahepatic cholestasis associated with ischemia-reperfusion injury has its special clinical process and most patients recover themselves without the need for special therapy.

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents in Desmodium blandum and their antitumor bioactivity.Methods Various chromatographic techniques were employed for the isolation and purification of the constituents by butanol at 50 ℃ including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20.The compounds structures were elucidated by spectral analyses(IR,UV,NMR,and MS).Then their cytotoxic activity was studied.Results They were identified as N,N-dimethyltryptamine (Ⅰ),5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine(Ⅱ),citrusinol(Ⅲ),yukovanol(Ⅳ),(Z)-1-(4-hydroxy-2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propene(Ⅴ),(Z)-1-(3-hydroxy-2,4-dimethoxy phenyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl) propene(Ⅵ),methyl protocatechuate(Ⅶ),katuranin(Ⅷ).Conclusion Eight compounds are isolated from the stems of D.blandum for the first time.In the MTT antitumor experiments,compounds Ⅰ and Ⅲ—Ⅵ have the cytotoxic activity to KB cell.

Objective:To investigate the effects of a stannous-containing sodium fluoride dentifrice and crisscross bristle manual tooth-brush in the management of dental plaque and gingivitis.Methods:249 cases with gingivitis were enrolled in an office-based study. The study was unsupervised and single-centered with open-label and self-control.At baseline,gingival health and plaque coverage were assessed by dentists using categorical scales.Participants were given stannous containing sodium fluoride dentifrice and crisscross bristle design manual brush,and were instructed to use the products by manufacturer's usage instructions twice daily for 30 days.At the end of 30 days,plaque and gingivitis were reassessed using the same categorical scales.Results:232 participants(1 78 females and 54 males) completed the study.Gingivitis data of 5 cases and dental plaque data of 3 cases were not judgable.After 30 days of product use,226 cases(99%)showed noticeable improvement in their gingival health;227(96%)cases showed improvement in overnight plaque cover-age.Conclusion:Stannous-containing sodium fluoride dentifrice in combination with crisscross bristle toothbrush is effective in the management of gingivitis and dental plaque.

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanisms involved in the ligustrazine alleviation of the pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) in patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) associated with chronic cor pulmonale (CCP) during exacerbation.

METHODSSeventy patients of COPD and CCP with acute exacerbation were randomly and equally divided into control group and treatment group. The control group received standard treatment with antibiotics, antiasthmatic and expectorant medications, and oxygenation; and the ligustrazine treatment group received ligustrazine treatment (80 mg/d; i.v.; for 2 weeks) in addition to the standard treatment. Before and at the end of 2 week treatment, the clinic responses of the two regimens were evaluated, plasma levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) were determined; arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2, mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), outflow tract of right ventricle (RVOT), and internal diameter of right ventricle (RV) were measured.

RESULTSGood clinic benefits were achieved in both the standard and ligustrazine regimens, plasma level of ET-1, values of mPAP, RV and RVOT decreased significantly, plasma level of NO and PaO2 values decreased (all P < 0.01 vs pre-treatment to all parameters). Compared with the control group, ligustrazine greatly enhanced the clinic efficacy from 77.1% to 97.1% (P < 0.05), and also resulted in more significant changes of all these parameters (P < 0.01 vs control group for all parameters). For both groups, the levels of plasma ET-1 were positively correlated with values of mPAP, RVOT, and RV (r = 0.710, 0.853, and 0.766, respectively, all P = 0.000), and negatively correlated with plasma NO and PaO2 (r = - 0.823, and - 0.752, respectively, all P = 0.000).

CONCLUSIONLigustrazine is effective in treating pulmonary artery hypertension during acute exacerbation of COPD and CCP in patients from the plateau area. The observed changes in the plasma levels of NO and ET-1 in response to ligustrazine treatment suggest that ligustrazine may act through the selective effect on pulmonary blood vessels to enhance the synthesis and release of NO and suppress those of ET-1 from lung vascular endothelial cells, thus reducing pulmonary artery pressure and decreasing pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Altitude ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Chronic Disease ; Endothelin-1 ; blood ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; drug therapy ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Pulmonary Artery ; physiopathology ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy ; Pyrazines ; therapeutic use ; Respiration

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; metabolism ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Paraffin Embedding ; Survival Rate ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo screen the learning and memory mutant from N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenic zebrafish F1, and to get the new model animal to study the mechanism of learning and memory.

METHODSZebrafish mutant was screened by inhibitory avoidance behavioral test and identified by the expression of gene c-fos with qRT-PCR.

RESULTSWe isolated a zebrafish mutant related to learning and memory, fgt. In this fgt zebrafish mutant long-term memory was much lower than that in wild-type when tested at 24 h after training. The 24 h long-term memory in about half of fgt mutant F2 (13/30) were significantly lower than those in wild-type, and the others relatively normal. Compared with the expression in wild-type fishes, the expression of immediate-early genes (IEGs) c-fos in half of fgt mutant F2 (13/30) after exploring in a novel environment increased distinctly from the basal control levels statistically, and the others relatively normal, which were in accordance with the behavioral results.

CONCLUSIONThe zebrafish mutant fgt is a dominant mutant with defect in long-term memory.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Genes, Immediate-Early ; Genetic Testing ; Male ; Memory, Long-Term ; Zebrafish ; genetics

Adult ; Humans ; Lateral Ventricles ; pathology ; Male ; Neurocytoma ; pathology

Adult ; Brain ; pathology ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Ganglioglioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial ; pathology ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Synaptophysin ; metabolism

In order to solve the problem of resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to multiple antibiotics, it is an effective way to find inhibitors of P. aeruginosa efflux pump. In this study, 15 new ornithine peptidomimetic derivatives were designed and synthesized by changing the side chain structure of natural amino acids with PAβN, a dipeptide efflux pump inhibitor, and their synergic activity with aztreonam, a monocyclic β-lactam antibiotic, against P. aeruginosa was evaluated. Among them, the representative compound 12b not only enhanced the antibacterial activity of β-lactam antibiotics aztreonam, ceftazidime and meropenem, but also significantly enhanced the antibacterial action of macrolide antibiotics clarithromycin, showing a broad-spectrum synergic sensitization effect. In addition, compound 12b also has a good safety. Preliminary mechanisms suggest that 12b works by directly targeting the efflux transporter MexB. These results provide a new lead compound for the development of a new class of efflux pump inhibitors against P. aeruginosa.

OBJECTIVETo study the tissue culture and rapid-proliferation techniques of Pueraria mirifica.

METHODThe tender branch were used as explants and cultivated in different media. The optimum media for inducing buds, proliferation and rooting were selected by adjusting the kinds and doses of plant hormones and special compounds.

RESULTThe medium of MS + IBA 0.05 mg L(-1) + BA 0.5 mg L(-1) was suitable for buds inducing and could be used in the first generation cultivation; MS + IBA 0. 02 mg L(-1) + BA 0.2 mg L(-1) and MS +BA 0.1 mg L(-1) were employed by turns in subculture, 25 days propagation coefficient was 3.0; and the medium of 1/2MS + IBA 0.1 mg L(-1) + IAA 0.2 mg L(-1) + C (special compound) 10 mg L(-1) was used for roots inducing, the rooting rate was 76.9%. Rooting plantlets were transplanted in spring and summer; the surviving rate was 81.0%.

CONCLUSIONThis technique system could be employed for rapid propagation of P. mirifica.

Pueraria ; growth & development ; Tissue Culture Techniques ; methods