Herpetin (HPT) is an active monomer constituent isolated from lignanoid in seeds of Herpetospermum caudigerum. HPT shows inhibitory effects in hepatic injury and HBV-DNA and the replication. In the study, we successfully prepare herpetin liposomes by film dispersion method for the first time. The prescription process was optimized, with the entrapment efficiency as the index. According to the optimized prescription, the mass ratio of HPT: phospholipids: cholesterol was 2.44:78.05: 19.51, the hydration and de-molding process was performed with 0.5% F68 solution at 50 degrees C, and the water-bath ultrasonic time was 20 min. The HPT liposomes prepared by this method showed an average entrapment efficiency of (94.50 +/- 2.15)% and a particle size of (119.2 +/- 10.7) nm, which was consistent with the trial expectations and will lay a solid foundation for the hepatic targeting delivery system in future.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Cholesterol ; chemistry ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Lignans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; Phospholipids ; chemistry ; Ultrasonics

Objective To assess the clinical values of MR angiography(MRA)in the detection of deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs.Methods Two-dimensional time of flight(2D TOF)MRA was performed in thirty patients who were suspected of having deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs.The findings of MRA were compared to that of digital subtraction angiography(DSA).Results twenty-five cases showed deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs,the MRA findings included venous filling defect (14 cases),occlusions and interruptions of veins(8 cases),venous recanalizations(3 cases),collateral veins(25 cases).Taking the results of DSA as a golden standard,MRA detected all of the affected cases with only one case as the false positive.Conclusion 2D TOF MRA is a method of choice in the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs.

OBJECTIVETo study the metabolic difference of body influenced by active stress and passive stress under special events.

METHODSTo detect serum multiple biochemistry index of 57 earthquake rescue medical team and 13 victims of a natural calamity in Wenchuan earthquake by using Hitachi 7600 automatic analyzer.

RESULTSStress affected biochemistry index deeply. To compared with rescue medical team, the serum ADA, ALP and TG of victims increased obviously and TP, ALB, MAO, Cr, UA, K, Na, Cl, Ca, ApoA1 and HDL decreased obviously.

CONCLUSIONMany biochemistry index have been changed under stress and it relate with stress extent. The human body function status was better in active stress than in passive stress.

Blood Chemical Analysis ; China ; Disasters ; Earthquakes ; Humans ; Metabolism ; physiology ; Rescue Work ; Stress, Physiological ; physiology

Background The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and prediabetes has increased in China,and at different rates in different locations.Therefore a community-based screening research was conducted in order to determine the prevalence of CKD and prediabetes,and to analyze associated risk factors of CKD and prediabetes in a city of Southern China.Methods A total of 7801 community residents aged 18 year and older from 6 communities were screened by a stratified random cluster sampling method.An estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR),albuminuria,fasting plasma glucose (FPG),and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were measured.Age-standardized prevalence was calculated by the direct method with the use of data on the population distribution in China in 2006.Multivariate logistic analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of CKD and prediabetes,and association of insulin resistance (IR) with CKD and prediabetes was analyzed.Results The age-standardized prevalence of CKD was 12.5％,eGFR ＜60 ml.min-1.1.73 m-2 was 2.7％ and ACR (albumin to creatinine ratio) ＞30 mg/g was 10.3％.The age-standardized prevalence of prediabetes was 12.1％.Logistic regression suggests that IR was a common independent risk factor of CKD and prediabetes.Further analysis show that HOMA-IR was increased with the aggravation of kidney injury and FPG.Conclusion CKD and prediabetes have become a major public health problem in Zhuhai,Southern China; insulin resistance may be an important risk factor.

Objective To investigate influence factors of diarrhea,thrush and multi-system damage in hospitalized children with lower respiratory infection (LRI).Methods A total of 9135 children with LRI who were hospitalized in our hospital were divided into four groups according to whether they had diarrhea and/or thrush:A (simple LRI group) has 7716 children,B (LRI complicated with diarrhea group) has 1057 children,C (LRI complicated with thrush group) has 200 children,D (LRI complicated with diarrhea and thrush group) include 162 children.All clinical data of four groups were collected and retrospectively reviewed.Results Infants less than six months of the group B,C and D had the highest incidence,followed by babies from six months to one year old,the lowest was the group that over the age of five.The incidence of group B and D was highest in winter.The incidence of in hospital or out of hospital for more than 14 d in group D was higher than that for less than 14 d.The incidence of premature infants in group C and group D were 3.70％ and 3.90％,higher than 2.10％ and 1.65％ of the full-term infants.The incidence of children with atopic in group B and D was 16.83％ and 3.00％,which was higher than 10.70％ and 1.57％ in children with non-atopic.The incidence of severe children in group B,C and D were 15.97％,3.92％ and 4.20％,which was significantly higher than 11.39％,2.12％ and 1.68％ of the normal patients;and 15.29％,4.00％,4.09％ in children who use antibiotics for more than 14 d which was higher than 10.44％,1.64％,1.07％ for less than 14 d.The proportion of multiple antibiotic user in group D was 2.16％,which was significantly higher than 1.12％ of the single antibiotic user.The rate of hormone application in group B and D was 13.25％ and 2.07％,which was significantly higher than 9.98％ and 1.49％ of non-hormone users.The levels of CD3 + in group B,C,D were significantly lower than that in group A,and the percentage of CD3 + CD8 + was below the normal reference value.The percentages of CD3-CD19 + and CD19 + CD23 + in four groups were significantly higher than the normal reference value.Conclusion The high incidence of diarrhea and/or thrush in pediatric patients with LRI was associated with some factors,including winter admission,premature,atopic,long course of hospital and out of hospital,severe disease,long-term or joint use of antibiotic,hormone therapy or low level of CD3 +.In clinical practice,reasonable and positive intervention and immune regulation in the early stage of disease will help to reduce the occurrence of diarrhea and/or thrush in children with LRI,promote disease recovery,reduce the use of medical resources and cases of severe,critical and refractory.

The global metabolite profiles of endogenous compounds of Wistar rats from 12 to 20 weeks old were investigated to take deep insight into and get better understanding of the pathogenesis of development and aging. Plasma from Wistar rats at 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 weeks old were analyzed using GC/TOFMS. Multivariate data analysis was then used to process the metabonomic data which indicated excellent separation between different weeks and showed that the metabolic profiles of the samples changed with age, enabling age-related metabolic trajectories to be visualized. Decreased concentrations of citric acid, cis-aconitic acid, 9-(z)-hexadecenoic acid along with increased levels of hexanedioic acid, alpha-tocopherol, 3-indole propionic acid, etc contributed to the separation. Several major metabolic pathways were identified to be involved in metabolic regulation. This suggests that GC/TOFMS-based metabonomics is a powerful alternative approach to identifying potential biomarkers and investigating the physiological developments of aging and it is important to employ suitable age-match control group in metabonomic study of physiological monitoring, drug safety assessment, and disease diagnosis, etc.
Aconitic Acid ; blood ; Adipates ; blood ; Aging ; blood ; physiology ; Animals ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Citric Acid ; blood ; Indoles ; blood ; Male ; Metabolome ; Metabolomics ; Multivariate Analysis ; Palmitic Acids ; blood ; Propionates ; blood ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; methods ; alpha-Tocopherol ; blood

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of applying the measure of energy cost, utilized widely in cyclic sports, in table tennis multi-ball practice. METHODS: Eleven collegiate table tennis players volunteered (18±1 yrs, 177±2 cm, 71±3 kg, approximately 10 yrs' training experience) to participate in one graded exercise test on treadmill, and two step tests (forehand and backhand, 3 min × 6, 35～85 stroke/min). A portable spirometric system and heart rate monitor were utilized for the three trials. Earlobe blood samples were collected and analyzed prior to and post the test. Energy cost was calculated for one stroke at each stroke frequency. RESULTS: The energy cost of loop drive multi-ball practice was decreased with increased stroke frequency (P＜0.05). The energy cost of forehand loop drive was higher than backhand, with the difference significant at 35, 45, 55, 65, and 85 stroke·min (P＜0.05). The function between energy cost and frequency were y=166.4x (R=0.9731), and y=33.21x (R=0.8423), respectively, where y was energy cost, and x was stroke frequency. CONCLUSION The measure of energy cost utilized in cyclic sports could be applied to evaluate the energy expenditure in table tennis multi-ball practice of single technique, and indicate the stroke efficiency of table tennis muti-ball practice with different stroke frequencies.
Adolescent ; Energy Metabolism ; Exercise Test ; Humans ; Tennis ; physiology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the benefit of prophylactic antibiotics (PA) in totally percutaneous aortic endovascular repair (PEVAR) in the catheterization laboratory for reducing stent-graft infection and postimplantation syndrome (PIS).

METHODSThe clinical data were analyzed of patients undergoing thoracic endovascular aortic repairs. The patients were divided into non-PA group and PA group according to the use of prophylactic antibiotics before PEVAR. The diagnosis of infection was made by two senior physicians with reference to Hospital Acquired Infection Diagnostic Criteria Assessment released by the Ministry of Health of China.

RESULTSThe 95 enrolled patients included 35 with PA and 60 without PA group, who were comparable for baseline characteristics. Infection-related deaths occurred in 1 case in non-PA group and retrograde Stanford type A dissection and death occurred in 1 case in PA group (1.67% vs 2.85%, P=1.00). The PA and non-PA groups showed no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative infection (5% vs 2.86%, P=1.000), hospital stay (9.30±7.21 vs 10.06±5.69, P=0.094), infection-related mortality (1.67% vs 0%, P=1.00), or postoperative fever (70.90% vs 91.43%, P=0.20). The body temperature showed significant variations at different time points after procedure (F=19.831, P<0.001) irrelevant to the use of prophylactic antibiotics (F=0.978, P=0.326).

CONCLUSIONThe current data do not support the benefit of PA in reducing postoperative infection and PIS in patients undergoing PEVAR, but the patients without PA may have worse clinical outcomes in the event of postoperative infections.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis ; Aorta, Thoracic ; surgery ; China ; Endovascular Procedures ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Stents ; Vascular Surgical Procedures

BACKGROUNDThe prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and prediabetes has increased in China, and at different rates in different locations. Therefore a community-based screening research was conducted in order to determine the prevalence of CKD and prediabetes, and to analyze associated risk factors of CKD and prediabetes in a city of Southern China.

METHODSA total of 7801 community residents aged 18 year and older from 6 communities were screened by a stratified random cluster sampling method. An estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), albuminuria, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were measured. Age-standardized prevalence was calculated by the direct method with the use of data on the population distribution in China in 2006. Multivariate logistic analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of CKD and prediabetes, and association of insulin resistance (IR) with CKD and prediabetes was analyzed.

RESULTSThe age-standardized prevalence of CKD was 12.5%, eGFR < 60 ml×min(-1)×1.73 m(-2) was 2.7% and ACR (albumin to creatinine ratio) > 30 mg/g was 10.3%. The age-standardized prevalence of prediabetes was 12.1%. Logistic regression suggests that IR was a common independent risk factor of CKD and prediabetes. Further analysis show that HOMA-IR was increased with the aggravation of kidney injury and FPG.

CONCLUSIONCKD and prediabetes have become a major public health problem in Zhuhai, Southern China; insulin resistance may be an important risk factor.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prediabetic State ; epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires