Autoimmune Diseases ; chemically induced ; Female ; Humans ; Interferons ; adverse effects ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; chemically induced ; Young Adult

In this paper, we introduce a slip-coordinate system that applied in the extra-cranial stereotactic radiosurgery treatment system (by the name of extra-cranial X-Knife), and make an analysis about the correlative formula.
Equipment Design ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Radiosurgery ; instrumentation ; methods ; Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted ; Stereotaxic Techniques ; instrumentation ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective:This study investigated the clinical characteristics of multiple myeloma with early death in the era of novel drugs. Methods:Medical records from 188 patients diagnosed from January 2009 to December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed, showing that early death occurred in 19 patients. Early death was defined as death by any cause within the first year after diagnosis. Results:(1) Early mortality was 10.1%, and the median age was 67 years old (range:40-84 years). Eight cases presented IgG type, and 11 cases were non-IgG type. All 19 patients were diagnosed to be at stageⅢin accordance with the Durie–Salmon staging system, and renal insufficiency occurred in 10 patients. In accordance with the International Staging System (ISS), four patients were diagnosed to be at stageⅡ, whereas 15 other patients were at stageⅢ. Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) occurred in six cases, whereas 10 cases pre-sented high-risk patients with cytogenetic abnormalities. Elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was found in five cases, amyloidosis was detected in three patients, and secondary plasma cell leukemia was observed in two cases. The median score of performance sta-tus (KPS) was 70 (range: 20-80). A total of 16 patients were treated with bortezomib, and 3 patients were treated with CADT. (2) Among the 13 patients who were evaluated, the overall response rate was 46.2%(6/13), and the complete response (CR) and near-CR rate was 7.7%(1/13). (3) The median overall survival was 3 (1-11.5) months, although the two patients with secondary plasma cell leu-kemia survived for less than 2 months. (4) Eight patients died of disease progression (42.1%), eight patients died of severe infections (42.1%), and three patients died of thrombotic events. Conclusion:The important causes of early death include the following:high-risk cytogenetics, elevated LDH, EMP, amyloidosis, advanced age, poor performance status, and serious complications during treat-ment. In the era of novel drugs, we should improve early diagnosis rates and explore individualized treatment for high-risk multiple my-eloma for the benefit of a wide range of patients.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and outcome in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients with renal insufficiency using bortezomib-or thalidomide-based regimens as front line treatment.Method Sixty-nine newly diagnosed MM patients with renal insufficiency were retrospectively analyzed from August 2006 to August 2014.Results ① Among thirty-nine patients with bortezomib based regimens (the bortezomib group),the overall response rate (ORR) was 89.7％ and complete response (CR) plus near CR(nCR) rate was 41.0％.By contrast,among thirty patients with thalidomide based regimens (the thalidomide group),the ORR was 83.3％ and CR + nCR rate was 26.7％.There was no significant difference of either ORR or CR + nCR rate between bortezomib and thalidomide groups.② The improvement rate of renal function in bortezomib group and thalidomide group were 87.2％ and 60.0％respectively (P =0.012).The median duration time of renal injury was 45 days in 52 patients with renal function improved,which was significantly shorter compared with 222 days in 17 patients without improvement (P ＜ 0.05).There was no difference of median serum creatinine and creatinine clearance rate between the two groups.③ The median progression-free survival (PFS) and the overall survival (OS) were 18 and 33.5 months,respectively in all patients.The three-year and five-year OS rates were 57％ and 17％,respectively.The median PFS was 19 months in bortezomib group,while it was only 12 months in thalidomide group (P =0.023).The median OS were 36.5 months and 25.5 months respectively,which was no difference (P =0.285).Conclusions The newly diagnosed MM patients with renal insufficiency could get higher ORR and the longer PFS using bortezomib-containing regimens as initial therapy.Meanwhile the improvement rate of renal function and the living quality in patients with bortezomib are better compared with those with thalidomide based treatment.

Objective To observe temporal expression of matrix metalloproteinases(MMP-13) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteina-ses-1 (TIMP-1) in lung of newborn rats with hyperoxia induced chronic lung disease (CLD),and to explore the relationship of CLD with MMPs.Methods The neonatal rats within 24 hours after birth were randomly divided into hyperoxia-exposed group(n=40) and control group(n=40).On postnatal 1,3,7,14 and 21 days,lung tissue of rats in 2 groups were collected.Lung histological changes were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin and Masson stain;Collagen Ⅰ was detected by enzyme linked immunoadsorbent assay;MMP-13 and TIMP-1 were identifide by immunohistochemistry.Results Exposured to hyperoxia enviroment for 21 days,the number of alveolar decreased,terminal air space enlarged,inter-alveolar septa thickened,and deposition of interstitial collagen fibers.On 14 and 21 days,collagen Ⅰ in the lung of hyperoxia-exposed group increased significantly compared with that of control group(P0.05),obviously decreased on 21 day(P

Individual stature estimation is one of the most important contents of forensic anthropology. Currently, it has been used that the regression equations established by the data collected by direct measurement or radiological techniques in a certain group of limbs, irregular bones, and anatomic landmarks. Due to the impact of population mobility, human physical improvement, racial and geographic differences, estimation of individual stature should be a regular study. This paper reviews the different methods of stature estimation, briefly describes the advantages and disadvantages of each method, and prospects a new research direction.
Body Height ; Bone and Bones/anatomy & histology* ; Extremities ; Female ; Forensic Anthropology ; Forensic Medicine/methods* ; Humans ; Male ; Regression Analysis ; Reproducibility of Results

Objective To investigate the effects of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate on liver function of patients with gastrointestinal cancer following chemotherapy.Methods From Apr.2012 to Dec.2015,a total of 168 cases of patients with gastrointestinal cancer following chemotherapy were enrolled,and were randomly divided into observation group(84 cases) and control group(84 cases).Each of the two groups was divided into A group(42 cases) and B group(42 cases) according to the treatment methods.Patients of observation group(including observation A group and observation B group) were treated with magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate,while patients of control group(including control A group and control B group) were treated with glutathione.Patients of A group(including observation A group and control A group) were treated with FOLFOX4 regimen,while patients of B group(including observation B group and control B group) were treated with XELOX regimen.The incidence of abnormal liver function and changes of the levels of liver function of each group were analyzed and compared.Results After the appropriate treatment,the abnormal rate of liver function of observation group were significantly lower than control group(P<0.05).After treatment,levels of liver function parameters in observation group and control group were all significantly increased(P<0.05),and those in control group were higher than observation group(P<0.05).After treatment,levels of liver function parameters in observation A group and control A group were all significantly increased(P<0.05),and those in control A group were higher than observation A group(P<0.05).After treatment,levels of liver function parameters in observation B group and control B group were all significantly increased(P<0.05),and those in control B group were higher than observation B group(P<0.05).Conclusion Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate could be with protection effects on liver function of patients with gastrointestinal cancer following chemotherapy,which might be worthy of promotion.

Objective To explore the effect of iodine excess on bone metabolism in experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) rats. Methods We selected 36 female Lewis rats with body weight of (131 ± 15)g,and divided them into 3 groups randomly: control group, EAT group and EAT + high iodine group, assuring 12 rats in every group. These rats were fed fodder with different concentration of iodine(0.9,0.9, 18.0 mg/kg), and rats in EAT group and EAT + high iodine group were immunized with pig thyroglobulin(pTG) and complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA) to create EAT model. After two weeks, the pathological changes of the thyroid tissues were observed,and the serum thyroid autoantibody[thyroglobulin antibody(TGAb) and thyroid microsomal antibody(TMAb)], the thyroid hormone levels[triiodo thyronine(T3) and thyrine(T4)] and some relevant data of bone metabolism[bone gla protein (BGP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), C-terminal propeptide of type Ⅰ procollagen (PICP),C-terminal telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen (ICTP), insulin-like growth factor- 1 ( IGF- 1 ), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)] were measured. Results Inflammatory cell infiltration and local follicular structural damage were observed in the thyroid tissues of EAT rats in EAT group and EAT + high iodine group, and the pathological changes of EAT + high iodine group were mainly thyroid follicular expansion and integration. The level of serum TGAb, TMAb, T3 and T4 of EAT rats in EAT group and EAT + high iodine group[ (63.01 ± 12.36)%, (60.62 ± 11.24)%, (3.78 ± 1.43), (125.12 ± 16.00)pmol/L and (75.00 ± 15.44)%,(72.15 ± 15.00)%, (3.69 ± 0.91 ), (149.40 ± 20.67)pmol/L] were higher than those of the control group[ (4.47 ±1.04)%, (5.73 ± 1.01 )%, (0.75 ± 0.12), (76.91 ± 9.30)pmol/L, all P ＜ 0.05], and the level of serum TGAb,TMAb and T4 of EAT rats in EAT + high iodine group were higher than those of the EAT group(all P ＜ 0.05).The level of serum BGP, PICP and IGF- 1 in EAT group[ ( 1.70 ± 0.31 ), ( 11.31 ± 1.52) μg/L, (0.31 ± 0.06 ) mg/L]were lower than those of the control group[ (8.60 ± 0.33), (14.28 ± 3.10)μg/L, (1.16 ± 0.02)mg/L, all P ＜0.05], and the level of serum TRAP, ICTP, OPG and RANKL[ ( 19.88 ± 3.60)ng/L, (2.43 ± 0.82), (22.36 ± 2.80),( 1.35 ± 0.23 )μg/L] were higher than those of the control group[ ( 14.57 ± 3.56)ng/L, (0.50 ± 0.20), (1.61 ± 0.34),(0.10 ± 0.02)μg/L, all P ＜ 0.05]; compared with EAT group, the level of PCIP and OPG in EAT + high iodine group [ (8.03 ± 1.84), ( 16.80 ± 3.79)μg/L] were obviously decreased(all P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions The reinforcement of differentiation and maturation of osteoblast in the EAT rats results in the increasing of bone resorption. The activity of osteoblast and osteoclast of the EAT rats are inhibited by excessive iodine, showing a low conversion-type osteoporosis.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and toxicity of bortezomib in combination with ifosfamide, methylprednisolone, thalidomide (V-CMPT) for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). Methods Twenty-four patients with newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory MM were treated with V-CMPT. This regimen was repeated every three weeks as one cycle, and each case received two cycles. We adopted the examination of bone marrow and M protein and other hematological markers to evaluate the condition of disease and the therapeutic response. Results Of the nine patients with newly diagnosed MM, three achieved a complete remission (CR), five of a partial response (PR), and 1 of a minor response (MR). Of the patients with relapsed/refractory MM, two achieved a CR, two had a near CR (nCR), three had a PR, six had a MR, and two were no chang (NC). There was no obvious difference in the two groups (P = 0.511, P = 1.000). The overall response rate (ORR) was 91.7 %, and the CR/nCR rate was 29.2 %. After two cycles, the levels of hemoglobin, the serum albumin and the serum β2-microglobulin were obviously improved. The main adverse events were transient, including gastrointestinal reaction, thrombocytopenia, neuropathy, which could be controlled during the interval of chemotherapy or by symptomatic treatment and had no influence on the chemotherapy.Conclusion V-CMPT regiman was effective against the newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory MM and could improve the related hematological markers with high response rate and tolerable toxicities.

Objective To obserue that bortezomib lead to hepatic impairment and even hepatic insufficiency. Methods Four multiple myeloma patients with hepatic impairment in velcade therapy were analyzed. All of 4 patients ranged from 46 to 60-year-old were relapsed and refractory, including 3 cases of male and 1 of female; 2 of K light chain type, 1 of non secretion type and 1 of IgGλλ biclonal type; 3 in stage ⅢB and 1 in stage ⅢA. Results Four patients had normal hepatic function before bortezomib therapy, but all appeared hepatic impairment during therapy. ALT and aspartate aminotransferase were increased by 2-80 and 1.5-70 times compared with before the chemotherapy, respectively, and bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase in 2 patients and glutamyltranspeptidase in 1 patient were increased. Hepatic function restored normally after patients were given liver securing drug and discontinued bortezomib therapy. Conclusion It isn't rare that bortezomib causing hepatic impairment in the patients with multiple myeloma.