Objective To detect the apoptosis and the intensity of proliferation in different types of renal pathology in children with lupus nephritis (LN), analyzed the relationship between apoptosis and proliferation in LN. Methods Twenty - seven children (aged 7-16 years old, 21 type IV and 6 type V ) with biopsy- proven LN and nine as controls were included in the study. Apoptosis was detected by in situ nick- end labeling techniques (TUNEL) in renal biopsy samples. Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the proliferating cells identified by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and detect the expressions of proteins of apoptosis associated gene PDCD5 and Caspase - 3 in these patients. Results 1. Compared to type V LN, the patients with type IV LN had more apoptolic cells,more PCNA positive cells and higher ratios of PCNA/apoptosis (P/A) in glomeruli. 2. There were no difference in expression of PDCD5 in glomeruli in type IV LN compared with those in type V LN. Numbers of apoptotic cells were observed in glomeruli. The expression of Caspase- 3 in type IV LN increased in glomeruli compared with that in type V LN. Conclusions The up- regulation of mechanism of apoptosis in type IV LN was less than that of type V LN. Caspase- 3 participated in the apoptosis of glomeruli of LN, but PDCD5 did not play a role during apoptosis of glomeruli of LN or the effect of PDCD5 promoting apoptosis was depressed.

Objective To study the effect of endurance training on the cardiac Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in aged mice.Methods Male 2-month.old SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into young control group(YC)(n=12),endurance training group(E)(n=12)and aged control group(AC)(n=12).The group YC was executed at three-month old;and the group AC was executed at six-month old.The group E underwent a 3-month endurance training program (three times per week,40min once a day).After completion of the training program,the ratio of hean mass to body mass(heart mass/body mass)was measured,cardiac tissue of each group was observed using the HE stain,and the mRNA expressions of Akt,mTOR,p70S6K and eIF-4E in mouse heart of each group were analyzed using the real-time PCR.Results The heart weight and the heart weight/body weight ratio significantly increased in group E comparing with that in group AC(P<0.05)without any pathological change.The mRNA expressions of Akt,mTOR, p70S6K and eIF-4E in group AC decreased more significantly than that in group YC(P<0.05).The expression of targets in group E increased more significantly than that in group AC(P<0.05),however,there was no significance difference between group E and group YC.Conclusion Endurance training can elevate the cardiac Akt/mTOR signaling pathway expression,produce exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy for aged mice.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical feature of cervical metastatic carcinoma of unknown primary site (CCUP) for guiding clinical diagnosis and treatment. METHOD: Twenty-seven cases of CCUP during May 2007 to September 2013 in department were analyzed retrospectively. Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test were used for survival analysis, multivariate analysis using the Cox regression model. RESULT: There is no significant influence among gender, age and the mass position on the median survival time. Median survival time of patients with different pathological types was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Treatment affected the median surial significantly (P < 0.05) and also was the independent prognostic factors (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The early establishment of pathological type and primary focal position can improve the prognosis. Taking treatment according to pathological types can increase the patient's survival rate. Combined treatment can prolong the patient's survival time.
Carcinoma ; diagnosis ; secondary ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; secondary ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary ; pathology ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Analysis ; Survival Rate

The study aims to solve the instability problem of methylphenidate (MPH) in plasma, and establish a LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determining of MPH in human plasma. The stabilities of MPH in different media were studied, and the degradation characteristics of MPH in these media were also investigated by HPLC and LC-MS/MS. To a 200 microL aliquot of freshly collected plasma sample, 10 microL 2% formic acid was added immediately to prevent the hydrolysis of MPH in human plasma samples. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Sapphire C18 column using the mobile phase of methanol - 5 mmol.L-1 ammonium acetate buffer solution containing 0.1% formic acid (46 : 54). MPH was quantified by tandem mass spectrometry operating in positive electrospray ionization mode with multiple reaction monitoring. The detection used the transitions of protonated molecules at m/z 234.2-->84.1 for MPH and m/z 260.3-->183.1 for propranolol (IS), separately. The intra- and inter-assay precisions were all below 5.0%. The accuracies were all in standard ranges. The linear calibration curve was obtained in the concentration range of 0.035-40 ng.mL-1. The methods fulfilled the demand. The method was used to determine the concentration of MPH in human plasma after a single dose of 36 mg MPH tablet to 6 healthy Chinese volunteers. The method is suitable for the precisely determination of MPH and for pharmacokinetic study of MPH in human plasma.

Animals ; Aorta ; cytology ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Intracellular Space ; metabolism ; Male ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism ; Morphinans ; pharmacology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Protein Kinase C ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the expressions of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) and relationships of these expressions with the clinicopathology in breast cancer patients aged 70 years old and over. Methods The expressions of ER, PR and HER-2 were detected by immunohistochemical staining from 124 elderly breast cancer patients, and the relationships of these expressions with pathological classification, tumor size, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage were analyzed. Results Among 124 patients, the positive expression rate of ER and PR was 75.0% (93/124) and 71.0% (88/124),respectively. They were not associated with pathological classification, tumor size, lymph node metastasis or TNM stage (all P＞0. 05). The positive expression rate of Her-2(+++) and Her-2 (++) was 11.3% (14/124) and 24.2% (30/124), respectively. And the expression of Her-2 was significantly associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P＜0. 05) but not with pathological classification (P＞0. 05). Conclusions The positive expressions of ER and PR are not correlated with the clinicopathology in elderly breast cancer patients. Her-2 overexpression is positively associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage.

Background Trans-scleral fixation of intraoculalen(IOL) hamade greaprogress,buthe long-term stability of the implanposition of IOL aftesurgery inoideal.Objective Thistudy wato investigate the relevanfactorof IOL dislocation aftetrans-scleral fixation of IOL.Methodrespective case-observational study wadesigned.The clinical datfrom 321 eyeof 321 patientwho had received trans-scleral fixation of IOL were collected.total of 263 patientcompleted the effeetive follow-up,and 164 patientwith the follow-up fomore than 5 years.No IOL dislocation occurred within 5 yearin all 263 eyes.The relationship between IOL material,IOL implantation location,the time of IOL dislocation and the intraoculapressure with IOL dislocation were analyzed.ResultIOL dislocation appeared 7-10 yearaftesurgery in 9 eyewith an incidence rate of 5.49％.Breakage of IOL suture wafound in all the eyewith IOL dislocation.Dislocation wamore frequently found in IOL performed in the oblique position than thain the horizontal position (10.0％ vs.3.5％).The rate of IOL dislocation wahighesin traumatiretinal detachmeneyes,apercentage of 33.33％.Single piece IOL wamore easily dislocated.ConclusionThe breakage of anchosuturein IOL ileading cause of IOL dislocation aftetrans-scleral fixation of intraoculalens,which may be associated with the weighresulting from the fixation procesin non-level angulaIOL.Iirecommended thaIOL should be fixed in the horizontal position.

Objective To study the effect of Shuanghuanglian injection on CRP, PCT and IL-6 in pneumonia children.Methods 68 cases of pneumonia children were selected and divided into the control group and the experiment group.33 case in the control group and 35 cases in the experiment group.The two groups were treated with conventional symptomatic treatment and anti infection treatment for the two groups were implemented routine symptomatic treatment and anti infection treatment.The control group were treated with cefotaxime sodium injection, the experiment group were treated on the base with Shuanghuanglian injection.CRP, PCT and IL-6 in serum were compared before and after the treatment.Results Compared with the control group, the level of CRP in serum was lower(P<0.05), the level of PCT in serum was lower(P<0.05), the level of IL-6 in serum was lower(P<0.05).Conclusion Shuanghuanglian injection has a good clinical effect on children’s pneumonia.It is speculated that the mechanism is related to the decrease of serum CRP and IL-6 level.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the understanding of quality status of Insulin injection and improvement of related standards. METHODS:The statutory methods of Insulin injection were adopted to test 32 batches of samples(including ap-pearance,identification,capacity,visible foreign matter,sterility and potency determination of biological method). Consulting specification of other similar products,RP-HPLC was conducted to determine the related impurities,content and phenol in sam-ples;HPSEC was conducted to determine the high molecular weight proteins and atomic absorption spectrophotometry was conduct-ed to determine the Zn content. RESULTS:Results of all the 32 batches of samples were qualified by the test of statutory methods. According to the method of other similar products,the determination result of A21 desamido insulin was 15.6%-39.2% and general-ly greater than 5.0%, which was the highest limit of similar products;insulin was 93.2%-102.7%;protein polymer was 0.5%-0.6%;phenol was 2.34-2.51 mg/ml and Zn was 12.3-14.8 μg/100 U. CONCLUSIONS:The statutory specification of Insulin injection is short of many key specification items such as impurities and content determination;the contents of protein polymer, phenol and Zn were in good control;the contents of A21 desamido insulin are generally high,and stability of insulin main peak is relatively poor.

Objective To observe the benefits and safety of low-dose azithromycin maintenance treatment on pulmonary function and quality of life in patients with bronchiectasis. Methods Thirty-seven adult bronchiectasis patients accompanied with chronic purulent respiratory tract symptoms were selected, and all the patients were given azithromycin 250 mg oral, once/d for 12 months. The respiratory symptoms, pulmonary function and quality of life before treatment and 16, 52 weeks after treatment were observed. Results Among 37 patients with bronchiectasis, 3 cases were lost, 1 case was in the follow-up of the 16th week, and 2 cases exited because of acute exacerbation. There were no statistical differences in body mass index (BMI) and inspiratory capacity percentage of estimated value (IC%Pred) before treatment, 16 and 52 weeks after treatment (P>0.05). The C-reactive protein (CRP), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/ forced ventilatory capacity (FVC), forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of vital capacity percentage of estimated value (FEF25-75%Pred), modified British medical research council dyspnea scale (mMRC) score 16 and 52 weeks after treatment were significantly better than those before treatment:(15.33 ± 4.00) and (9.21 ± 3.04) mg/L vs. (25.59 ± 9.82) mg/L, (75.94 ± 5.59)%and (75.52 ± 7.06)% vs. (72.14 ± 5.62)%, (60.22 ± 10.90)% and (63.73 ± 6.54)% vs. (55.44 ± 9.16)%, (1.75 ± 0.69) and (1.41 ± 0.56) scores vs. (2.19 ± 0.74) scores;the low respiratory tract infection visual analog scale (LRTI- VAS) score, FEV1 percentage of estimated value (FEV1% Pred) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test (CAT) score 52 weeks after treatment were significantly better than those before treatment: (17.74 ± 3.76) scores vs. (21.57 ± 4.47) scores, (70.31 ± 4.07)% vs. (66.95 ± 5.48)%and (18.06 ± 3.32) scores vs. (21.54 ± 4.89) scores, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). In the course of treatment, 5 cases might be associated with the drug adverse reactions, but the symptoms were mild. No patients exited because of adverse reaction. Five patients had 7 episodes of acute exacerbation, among whom 2 cases exited and the other 3 cases did not interrupt azithromycin treatment during acute exacerbation. Conclusions For adult patients with bronchiectasis, the long-term treatment of low-dose azithromycin (250 mg/d) can improve the respiratory symptoms and quality of life, and reduce the airflow limitation of peripheral airway.