Asian People/genetics* ; Gene Frequency ; Genetics, Population ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats/genetics* ; Phylogeny ; Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics*

OBJECTIVE: To compare the concentration of teeth DNA extracted by three different pretreatment methods and to explore a simple, economical and practical pretreatment method with high concentration of extracted DNA from teeth. METHODS: A total number of 21 molars were collected from 7 corpses. The pretreatment of 3 molars from each individual was randomly performed by tooth crumb method, ball-milling method and liquid nitrogen milling method and 50 mg tooth crumb was weight and DNA was extracted by AutoMate Express forensic DNA extraction system. Subsequently, the concentration of DNA and corresponding STR genotyping of three methods were compared. RESULTS: The DNA concentration extracted by tooth crumb method, ball-milling method and liquid nitrogen milling method was 0.055 6-1.989 1 ng/μL, 0.036 6-1.175 6 ng/μL and 0.037 8-1.249 0 ng/μL, respectively. The DNA concentration obtained by tooth crumb method was higher (P < 0.05) and the success rate of STR genotyping was high. CONCLUSION Combined with AutoMate Express forensic DNA extraction system, tooth crumb method is an efficient and feasible method to extract DNA from teeth, which can be applied in forensic practice.
DNA/isolation & purification* ; DNA Fingerprinting/methods* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Tooth

The active ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine, silybin (SBN), can inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells and enhance the anticancer effect of doxorubicin (DOX). However, due to non-targeting and short half-life of SBN and DOX, as well as different administration routes and pharmacokinetic processes, this combination drug cannot act on the tumor in the set order, seriously eliminating the synergistic effect between them and limiting the effect in vivo. Therefore, we intended to construct a nano-delivery system based on molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂), modified by polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sialic acid (SA), and co-loaded with SBN and DOX. The system induced the release of combined drugs under the dual-stimulation of pH and near infra-red (NIR), increased the free concentration of intracellular drugs, so as to achieve the synergistic effect between them. The animal welfare and experimental procedures were in accordance with the regulations of the Animal Ethics Committee of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. MoS₂-PEG-SA-SBN/DOX circulated in vivo, and effectively accumulated at tumor sites through enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR) and SA-mediated active targeting. Under near infrared light irradiation, MoS₂-PEG-SA-SBN/DOX realized the combination of synergistic chemotherapy and photothermal therapy for tumor, thus achieving excellent anti-tumor effect in vivo. This study can provide a new idea and strategy for the clinical treatment of lung cancer. Taken together, MoS₂-PEG-SA-SBN/DOX can offer a new idea and strategy for the clinical treatment of lung cancer.

BACKGROUNDTo compare clinical efficacy and toxicity of irinotecan combined with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin with those of oxaliplatin combined with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin as first-line therapy for advanced colorectal cancer.

METHODSLiterature search was performed by keywords "irinotecan", "oxaliplatin" and "colorectal cancer" on all randomized controlled trails reported on irinotecan versus oxaliplatin combined with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin as first-line therapy for advanced colorectal cancer in MEDLINE, OVID, Springer, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (CCTR) and CBMdisc (Chinese Biology and Medicine disc) before January 2010. Two authors drew the details of trial design, characteristics of patients, outcomes, and toxicity from the studies included. Data analysis was performed by RevMan 4.2.

RESULTSAccording to the screening criteria, 7 clinical studies with 2095 participants of advanced colorectal cancer were included in this meta analysis. The baseline characteristics of irinotecan group were similar to those of oxaliplatin group. The response rate of oxaliplatin group was higher than that of irinotecan group (relative risk (RR) = 0.82, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) (0.70, 0.96), P = 0.01), and the median overall survival of oxaliplatin group was longer by 2.04 months than that of irinotecan group (95%CI (-3.54, -0.54), P = 0.008). In the comparison of grade 3 - 4 toxicity between the two groups, the incidences of nausea, emesis, diarrhoea and alopecia in irinotecan group were higher than those in oxaliplatin group (RR = 1.94, 95%CI (1.22, 3.09), P = 0.005; 1.71, 95%CI (1.34, 2.18), P < 0.001; 14.56, 95%CI (4.11, 51.66), P < 0.0001), respectively. However, the incidence of neurotoxicity, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia in irinotecan group were lower than those in oxaliplatin group (RR = 0.06, 95%CI (0.03, 0.14), P < 0.00001; 0.70, 95%CI (0.55, 0.91), P = 0.006; 0.18, 95%CI (0.05, 0.61), P = 0.006), respectively.

CONCLUSIONSBoth irinotecan and oxaliplatin combined with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin were effective in the first-line therapy of advanced colorectal cancer. However, the combined regimen of oxaliplatin plus 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin is more excellent. Irinotecan tended to result in more gastrointestinal tract reactions than oxaliplatin did, but the myelosuppression and neurotoxicity were more frequent in oxaliplatin regimen than irinotecan regimen.

Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Camptothecin ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Fluorouracil ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leucovorin ; therapeutic use ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study whether the polymorphisms of TaqIB of cholesteryl transfer protein (CETP) gene and 1444C/T of C reactive protein (CRP) gene are associated with non-valvular atrial fibrillation in the Chinese Han population.

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay was used to detect the distribution of genotypes of CETP TaqIB and CRP 1444C/T in 147 patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and 147 control subjects in Chinese Han population.

RESULTS(1) The distribution of CETP TaqIB and CRP 1444C/T genotypes was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. (2) A statistically significant difference between patients and controls for CETP TaqIB (P= 0.005, OR= 0.614, beta = -0.488) and CRP 1444C/T (P= 0.003, OR= 2.428, beta = 0.887) was observed. (3) In female group, significant difference was observed in smoking, CETP TaqIB and CRP 1444C/T polymorphisms. And in male group, significant difference was observed in body mass index and CETP TaqIB polymorphisms.

CONCLUSION(1) These results suggest that CETP TaqIB (B2 allele as protective factor) and CRP1444C/T (T allele as risk factor) genetic polymorphisms may be associated with the non-valvular atrial fibrillation in the Chinese Han population. (2) Smoking and CRP1444T single nucleotide polymorphism may induce hereditary susceptibility to non-valvular atrial fibrillation in female. Obesity may induce hereditary susceptibility to non-valvular atrial fibrillation in male.

Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Atrial Fibrillation ; genetics ; C-Reactive Protein ; genetics ; Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; Risk Factors ; Smoking

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupoint thread embedding plus Western medication in treating major epilepsy.Method Sixty epilepsy patients were randomized into a thread embedding group and a Western medication group, 30 cases each. The Western medication group was intervened by Western medication; the thread embedding group was given acupoint thread embedding based on the same Western medication treatment. Seizure frequency, seizure score, general efficacy and the improvement of adverse reactions due to Western medications were analyzed.Result Compared to the Western medication group, the thread embedding group was more effective in controlling seizure frequency (P<0.01), and reducing seizure score (P<0.05) and adverse reactions of Western medications (P<0.05); the general efficacy of the thread embedding group was superior to that of the Western medication group in treating epilepsy (P<0.05).Conclusion Acupoint thread embedding plus Western medication is effective in treating epilepsy, and is superior to the use of Western medication alone.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic effects of multiple level surgery in treating obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).

METHODSOne hundred ninety two patients with OSAHS diagnosed by polysomnography were treated through uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP). Thirty patients were combined with sub-mucous resection of the nasal septum. Forty four patients received sub-mucous resection of the nasal septum and partial inferior turbinectomy. Two patients received sub-mucous resection of the nasal septum and partial resection of the tongue base. Two patients received genioglossus advancement and partial resection of the tongue base. Three patients received partial resection of the tongue base. In addition, the patients with the nasal disease and/or the lingual fat, AHI > 40 times/h, LSaO(2) < 0.64 and/or BMI > 30 kg/m(2) received tracheotomy before general anaesthesia.

RESULTSOne hundred ninety two patients were treated through UPPP. One hundred ninety one patients were successful, one patient died of pneumothorax and cardiac arrest during the incision of the trachea. All patients were followed-up for 6-37 months, among them, 132 patients showed therapeutic effect, with the effective rate as 68.7%. Fifty five patients were cured (AHI < 5 times/h); 39 patients had significant effect (AHI < 20 times/h and decreased > or = 50%); 38 patients were effective (AHI decreased > or = 50%). However, 60 patients did not have any therapeutic effect, with the ineffective rate as 31.3%. Fifty four patients had palatopharyngeal and nasal cavity emphasis, 24 patients had palatopharyngeal and oropharyngeal emphasis, 96 patients had palatopharyngeal and nasal cavity and oropharyngeal emphasis. Some patients were treated with UPPP, which made effective rate as 15 (68.2%), 12 (63.2%), 29 (55.8%). The others were treated with multiple level operations, which made effective rate as 25 (78.1%), 5 (5/5), 33 (75.0%). The effective rate was 60.2% (56/93) by simple UPPP and it was 77.8% (63/81) by multiple level treatment in patients with multiple level obstruction. There was statistical significance between them (chi(2) = 6.2, P = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe effective rate was improved through multiple level operations in OSAHS patients. The serious complications could be prevented through tracheotomy before general anaesthesia in patients with severe OSAHS who needed multiple level surgery.

Adult ; Aged ; Apnea ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Mucosa ; surgery ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Palate ; surgery ; Pharynx ; surgery ; Polysomnography ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Tongue ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Uvula ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation and anatomic association of benign hyperplastic nodules in the peripheral zone (PZ) with those in the transition zone (TZ) of the prostate, and to compare the histological components of the two kinds of nodules.

METHODSWe obtained benign hyperplastic nodules specimens from the PZ and TZ by autopsy, measured the distance between the outer surface of the nodules and the inner gland, observed the integrity of the surgical envelope of the prostate, and determined the histological components of the two kinds of nodules by HE staining, immunohistochemistry and automatic quantitative image analysis.

RESULTSThe surgical envelope of the prostate was integrated and the distance between the nodules of the PZ and the outer surface of the inner gland was about 2.5 to 5 mm ([3.9 +/- 0.8] mm), with no signs of anatomic connection in between. The stromata and epithelia in the nodules accounted for (69.32 +/- 8.35)% and (16.08 +/- 5.36)% in the PZ and (74.58 +/- 8.95)% and (15.82 +/- 6.41)% in the TZ.

CONCLUSIONBenign hyperplastic nodules may originate from the PZ of the prostate and not correlate with the inner gland hyperplasia in the TZ, but with no statistical difference between the histological components of the two kinds of nodules.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Autopsy ; Collagen Type I ; analysis ; Collagen Type II ; analysis ; Collagen Type III ; analysis ; Collagen Type IV ; analysis ; Fibronectins ; analysis ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Immunohistochemistry ; Laminin ; analysis ; Male ; Prostate ; chemistry ; pathology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; metabolism ; pathology

[Objective]To evaluate the practicality of non-mydriatic digital fundus camera in the remote screen of diabetic retinopathy for community residents.[Methods]Ninety-two patients(184 eyes)with type 2 diabetes mellitus have been taken 1-field and 5-field non-mydriatic fundus photography and examination in mydriatic fundus by pre-placed-mirror ophthalmoscopy by a ophthalmologist,the results were sent to the hospital with a computer programs. A specialist evaluates the consistency of detectable rate of diabetic retinophathy(DR)among the 3 methods.The time of tak-ing 1-field and 5-field non-mydriatic fundus photography is compared.[Results]All the three methods show good consis-tency in detectable rate of DR compare with each other,the κ value is 0.89 for 1-field non-mydriatic fundus photography and examination in mydriatic fundus by preplaced-mirror ophthalmoscopy,0.95 for 1-field and 5-field non-mydriatic fundus photography and 0.95 for 5-field non-mydriatic fundus photography and examination in mydriatic fundus by pre-placed-mirror ophthalmoscopy,respectively. The 1-field non-mydriatic fundus photography spent less time compares with 5-field non-mydriatic fundus photography(55.4±5.8 vs 405.9±68.5 s,P<0.01).[Conclusion]The remote screen for diabetic retinopathy in community based on non-mydriatic digital fundus camera is worth promoting,we suggest 1-field non-mydriatic fundus photography as a screen method.

Objective To study whether CETP TaqIB,KCNE1 S38G and eNOS T-786C genetic polymorphisms are associated with non-valvular atrial fibrillation in the Han population from Zhejiang province.Methods Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism assay was used to detect the distribution of alleles and genotypes of CETP TaqIB,KCNE1 S38G and eNOS T-786C in 147 patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and in 147 subjects as controls in Han population of Zhejiang province.Results (1)The frequency of CETP B1 allele in NVAF patients was higher than that of the control group and showing a statistically significant difference(OR=1.763,95%CI:1.247-2.492.P=0.002). (2) Results from logistic regression analysis revealed that: after adjustment of confounding variables such as sex,age,smoking,hypertension and body mass index,data from the binary logistic analysis showed a statistically significant difference in CETP TaqIB genetic polymorphism between Patients and controls.(3)From multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis,results showed an interaction of CETP TaqIB,KCNE1 S38G and eNOS T-786C genetic polymorphisms.Odds ratio of the three simultaneously existing genetic polymorphisms was 1.849 times more than CETP TaqIB alone.Conclusion CETP BI allele was an independent risk factor for predisposition to non- valvular atrial fibrillation.These findings suggested that the simultaneous existence of CETP B1,KCNE1 S38G and eNOS T-786C allele might be elevated with the predisposition to non-valvular atrial fibrillation in the Han population of Zhejiang province.