Objective To investigate the resistance of Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) to vancomycin and linezolid in Sichuan Province, and provide reference for clinical anti-infection treatment.Methods S.aureus and methicillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA) from 71 hospitals in Sichuan Province in 2011-2015 were collected, minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) values of vancomycin and linezolid against S.aureus and MRSA in each year were calculated.Results A total of 51 976 strains of S.aureus were collected in 5 years, 14 361 of which were MRSA, isolation rate of MRSA decreased from 36.02％ in 2011 to 25.56％ in 2015, which showed a downward trend (x2=160.72,P<0.05).From 2011 to 2015, MIC50 of vancomycin against S.aureus were 1, 0.5, 0.5, 1, and 1μg/mL respectively,MIC90 increased from 1μg/mL to 2μg/mL;the mean MIC50 of linezolid was 2μg/mL,MIC90 increased from 2μg/mL to 4μg/mL.Change in MIC50 and MIC90 of vancomycin against MRSA in 2011-2015 were obvious, which increased from 0.5, 1μg/mL to 2μg/mL respectively;the mean MIC50 of linezolid was 2μg/mL,MIC90 increased from 2μg/mL to 4μg/mL.Conclusion The isolates rate of MRSA had a decreasing trend,but there is a upward trend of MIC50 and MIC90 of vancomycin and linezolid against MRSA, bacterial resistance surveillance needs to be strengthened to provide evidence for rational clinical antimicrobial therapy.

Objective To understand the environmental estrogens contamination of tap water and source water. Methods Environmental estrogens in the water samples were concentrated by macroporous adsorption resin H103. The effect of environmental estrogens in concentrated samples was assessed by the recombinant yeast system. Results The results showed that some source water and tap water really contained environmental estrogens. The activity of environmental estrogens in concentrated samples of some source water increased as the volume of concentrated sample increased. The concentrate of 100 ml water sample could show the estrogenic effect. Conclusion Some source waters and tap waters in China have been contaminated by environmental estrogens. Environmental estrogens in source water can not be removed completely by drinking water treatment system of city.

Objective To investigate ultrasonographic features of primary and metastatic ovarian yolk sac tumors.Methods Ultrasonographic features of 19 primary lesions and 33 metastatic lesions in 35 patients were retrospectively analyzed.Results Primary tumors were sized (14.6±3.6)cm in maximum diameter,manifesting as cysti-solid masses.Solid components of primary tumors were mainly hypoechoic or isoechoic(16/19)with rich blood supplies.Thirty-three metastatic lesions were located in pelvoceliac cavity(26/33) and liver parenchyma(7/33),sized (9.4±4.5)cm,(9.2±4.9)cm and (5.6±1.6)cm in maximum diameter respectively.Metastatic lesions in pelvoceliac lesions mainly demonstrated as hypoechoic masses(21/26), however lesions in the liver were mainly hyperechoic(5/7).Anechoic regions could be found in 9/26 of the pelvoceliac lesions.Blood supply was found less rich in metastatic masses than that in primary ones.Elevated serum level of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) was observed in all patients; ranging from 217 to 211 682 μg/L.Conclusions Primary and metastatic lesions of ovarian yolk sac tumor have obvious ultrasonographic characteristics.Combined with serum AFP level,the accuracy of diagnosis could be improved.

Objective To explore the value of dexamethasone(DEX) for neuronal cell injury and death by observing the effect of DEX on excitatory amino acid(EAA) and monoamine neurotransmitter in cerebral tissue of neonatal rat with hypoxia-ischemia.Methods Hypoxic-ischemic neonatal rat models were established,the levels of EAA and monoamine neurotransmitter in cerebral tissue were analyzed by using capillary electrophoresis and fluorospectrophotometry method.The rats were divided into 4 groups: small dose DEX group pre-treated with DEX(0.5 mg/kg) prior to hypoxia-ischemia,large dose DEX group pre-treated with DEX(10 mg/kg) prior to hypoxia-ischemia,HIE group and shamful operation group.Results The levels of EAA and monoamine neurotransmitter contents in HIE group were significantly higher than those in shamful operation group(P0.05).EAA contents of large dose DEX group greatly decreased compared with HIE group (P

Objective To explore the diagnostic and prognostic significances of platelet parameters changes in Kawasaki disease(KD).Methods The platelet total(PLT),mean platelet volume(MPV),platelet distribution width(PDW)and plateletcrit(PCT)were measured in 23 cases of KD on acute febrile phase and early recovery phase.It was compared with 33 cases suffered from other febrile diseases during the same period and in similar ages.Each KD child should accept the cardiology ultrasonic examination.Results The level of PLT,PCT increased in KD patients.It was more significant in early recover period than in acute febrile period(P0.05).PLT negatively correlated with MPV,PDW(r=0.358,0.268 Pa0.05).Conclusions The changes of platelet parameter play a very important role in diagnosis of KD.But it still can not be certain that whether the changes can help us estimate the variety of the patients condition and prognosis of KD children.It requires further study.

T were also detected in the controls.Conclusion Nephrotic syndrome may be associated with NPHS2 identified in children.

Animals ; Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor-Like Membrane Protein ; Coxsackievirus Infections ; genetics ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Enterovirus B, Human ; pathogenicity ; Heart ; drug effects ; Immunohistochemistry ; Interleukin-1beta ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Myocarditis ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; Receptors, Virus ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Pulmonary fibrosis is a common pathological change in many chronic lung diseases, and its pathogenesis and characteristics are mainly caused by repeated lung alveolar injury leading to abnormal activation of fibroblasts and the accumulation of large amounts of extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Fibroblasts are not only responsible for constituting the interstitial structure of the lung but are also involved in the post-injury repairment in healthy lung tissue. In contrast, fibroblasts show a typical pro-fibrotic metabolic phenotype after differentiation into myofibroblasts during the development of pulmonary fibrosis. To synthesis large amount of collagen, the myofibroblasts have a strong metabolism characteristic of serine/glycine, glutamine, proline, and arginine. At the same time, the myofibroblast get the ability to resist cell apoptosis. As an important cell type for collagen degradation, fibroblasts reuse the amino acids of collagen to maintain cell metabolism. However, the myofibroblasts cannot degrade the ECM due to the suppression of autophagy activity, thus accelerating the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. This review attempts to summarize how amino acid metabolism of fibroblasts influence the pulmonary fibrosis.

To study the B cell linear epitopes of rabies virus CVS-11 nucleoprotein, peptides were synthesized according to the amino acid sequences of B cell linear epitopes. Linear epitopes predicted by bioinformatics analysis were evaluated with immunological techniques. Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that titers of antibodies to peptides (355-369 and 385-400 residues of rabies virus CVS-11 nucleoprotein) were above 1:12 800 in mouse sera. The antibodies recognized denatured rabies virus CVS-11 nucleoprotein in Western blot analysis. Purified anti-peptide antibodies recognized natural rabies virus CVS-11 nucleoprotein in BHK-21 cells in indirect fluorescent antibody test. The 355-369 and 385-400 residues of rabies virus CVS-11 nucleoprotein were validated as B cell linear epitopes.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; immunology ; Epitope Mapping ; Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte ; chemistry ; genetics ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleoproteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; immunology ; Rabies ; immunology ; virology ; Rabies virus ; chemistry ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To observe the impairment of different doses of cyclosporine A (CsA) to the rat myocardial tissue to offer scientific evidence for the long-term safe application of CsA in heart transplantation. Methods Eighty-four female Wistar rats, each weighing of (200 ± 25)g, were randomly divided into 12 groups. On days 7,14,21 after a constant peritoneal injection of CsA(0,5,10,15 mg/kg) and 1 ml physiological saline in control group, the rats were put to death, the rat myocardial tissue taken, to observe the pathologic and structural changes of the tissue cells under light microscope and electron microscope. The contents of rat myocardium tissue malondialdehyde(MDA) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) were measured;cardiomyocyte apoptosis was detected and accounted, apoptosis index(AI) was measured with the method of TUNEL. Results Small dose of CsA(5 mg/kg)had no obvious effects on cardiac tissue, in CsA groups of 10 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg, under the light microscope, there appeared edema, degeneration and necrosis of myocardium, part of cardiac myocyte had different level cavity;under the electron microscope, there appeared mitochondria damage, nucleus shrinkage and chromatic margination, part of cardiac myocyte had focus cavity. There was dilated endoplasic reticulum in the sarcoplasm. The effects of different time and dose on MDA content of rat myocardium tissue had statistical significance (F = 6.37,10.15, both P < 0.05). Interaction between time and dose existed statistical significance (F=7.14, P< 0.05). The MDA contents of CsA group of 10 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg were [(2.29 ± 0.18), (3.10 ± 0.45), (2.57± 0.37)nmol/L] and [(3.09±0.63), (3.32 ±0.52), (3.34 ± 0.29)nmol/L] on days 7,14,21 after a constant peritoneal injection of CsA, which were obviously higher than the control group [(1.98 ± 0.20), (2.04 ± 0.52), (1.99 ± 0.26) nmol/L, all P < 0.05], respectively. The effects of different time and dose on SOD activity of rat myocardium tissue had statistical significance(F = 8.43,11.69, both P < 0.05). Interaction between time and dose existed statistical significance(F = 9.86, P < 0.05). The SOD activity of CsA groups of 10 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg were (15.95 ± 1.00), (12.74 ± 1.31), (14.01 ± 0.81)nmol/L and (13.04 ± 1.01), (14.68 ± 0.81), (14.01 ± 0.63)nmol/L on days 7,14,21 after a constant peritoneal injection of CsA, which were obviously higher than the control group [(10.38 ± 0.80), (9.73 ± 0.58), (10.20 ± 0.26)nmol/L, all P < 0.05], respectively. Apoptosis nucleus appeared huffy or brown under the light microscope. The effects of different time and dose on AI of rat myocardium tissue had statistical significance (F = 10.02,20.46, both P < 0.05). Interaction between time and dose existed statistical significance (F = 15.73,P < 0.05). The AI of CsA groups of 10 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg were (6.91 ± 0.70)%, (11.10 ± 2.05)%,(19.81 ± 5.00)% and (11.02 ±2.02)%,(15.51 ± 1.31)%,(33.40±6.60)% on days 7,14,21 after a constant peritoneal injection of CsA, which were obviously higher than the control group [(4.40 ± 0.13)%, (4.60± 1.20)%, (5.20 ± 1.10), all P < 0.05] and CsA group of 5 mg/kg [(4.60 ± 0.10)%, (5.00±2.11)%, (5.43± 1.11)%, all P < 0.05], respectively. Conclusion Small dose of CsA has no obvious effects on cardiac tissue, but large dosage can induce myocyte apoptosis and damage by causing oxidative stress;after implantation, attention should be paid to cardiac impairment due to constant large dosage of CsA.