Objective To observe the hemodynamic effects of open-loop target controlled infusion (OLTCI) and closed-loop target controlled infusion (CLTCI) of propofol and fentanyl for general anesthesia induction. Methods Twenty-four female patients with ASA grade I-II who were performed thyroidectomy were randomly allocated into two groups: OLTCI group and CLTCI group(n=12). In OLTCI group, anesthesia induction and maintenance were performed with propofol and fentanyl at the target concentrations of 3 ?g/mL and 3 ng/mL, respectively. In CLTCI group, double CLTCI were performed. Titrations of propofol and fentanyl were guided with bispectral index (BIS) and product of systolic pressure and heart rate (HR). Initiative concentrations of this closed-loop system were 3 ?g/mL and 3 ng/mL, step-up or step-down concentrations were 0.5 ?g/mL and 0.5 ng/mL, and the highest concentrations were 6 ?g/mL and 5 ng/mL, respectively. HR, mean arterial pressure (MAP), HR variability, BIS value and the dosages of propofol and fentanyl in various time of the two groups were recorded. Results One min after intubation and simulative incision stimulation, BIS value of both groups were increased, but the BIS value in CLTCI group was less increased than OLTCI group(P

Objective To explore expression of plexinA1 and Ki-67 in tissue of human brain glioma cells and their clinical significance.Methods 43 specimens from patients with brain glioma were collected.Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was used for detecting the expression of tissue plexinA1 and Ki-67 in human glioma cells of 43 cases of patients with brain glioma.The positive expression rate of plexinA1 and Ki-67 among the different pathological grade tissues and their clinical significance were analyzed.So did correlation studies about plexinA1 and Ki-67.Results The positive expression rates of plexinA1 in Ⅰ-Ⅱ grade group (18 cases) and Ⅲ-Ⅳ grade group (25 cases) were 22.22 ％ (4/18) and 72.00 ％ (18/25) (P ＜ 0.05).The positive expression rates of Ki-67 in Ⅰ-Ⅱ grade group and Ⅲ-Ⅳ grade group were 16.67 ％ (3/18) and 56.00 ％ (14/25),respectively (P ＜ 0.05).PlxinA1 and Ki-67 expression in the tissue of human brain glioma were positively correlated (r =0.997,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The positive expression rate of plexinA1 is higher in high malignancy human glioma group than that in low malignancy group which has an important reference value in the estimation of prognosis for human glioma.PlexinA1 and Ki-67 maybe synergism in occurrence and development of glioma.

An acidic xylanase gene,named xyl3,was cloned from the genomic library of enviromental microbes constructed by using shotgun cloning strategy,and submitted to GeneBank with accession number of gb:AY300805.BLAST analysis indicated that the gene xyl3 has low similarity with other xylanase genes and the encoded xylanase,sorted as Glycosyl hydrolases family 10,has 77% similarity with the intra-cellular xylanase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus at amino acid level.Treated with T4 DNA polymerase,the gene xyl3 was ligated with the linearized Pichia pastoris expression vector pHBM905 produced by digestion of restriction endonuclease CpoI and NotI to generate the recombinant plasmid pHBM706.Then the plasmid pHBM706,digested by restriction endonuclease SalI,was transformed into P.pastoris GS115 to obtain the recombinant P.pastoris GS115(pHBM706),which was induced to produce the recombinant xylanase with 0.5% methanol at 28℃.At the 36th hours of induction,the porduced crude enzyme was detected to reach the higest enzyme activity of 0.177 IU/mL.The optimal pH and temperature of the enzyme activity is 5.5 and 50℃ respectively.

Objective To know the current conditions of institution set-up,personnels allocated and equipment supplied in county-,city-and country-level in endemic disease prevention and control.Methods Questionnaires,regarding institution set-up,personnels allocated and equipment supplied,was performed among staffs from administrative apartment and professional apartment.Results There were 31 institutions for endemic disease prevention and control in province level of our country(except Hainan Province),with one institution in each province.There were 308 institutions for endemic disease prevention and control in city level,and 23 cities did not have one.There were 2340 institutions for endemic disease prevention and control in county level,none in 502 counties.There were 20 provinces which had the professional crew of the endemic disease administration,but other provinces did not.The proportion of high-grade professional staff of province,city,county level was 24.84% (310/1248),17.05%(481/2821),5.31%(598/11 256)respectively.The averaged size of wdrking place at province-,city-and county-level was 2603.9,324.6,1227 m2.The averaged area of laboratory of province,city,county level was 1093.8,147.4 and 46.6 m2 respectively.The average quantity of equipments valued over ten thousand yuan at province-,city-and county-level is 15.5,2.2,0.6 respectively.Conclusions After the innovation of organizations for endemic disease prevention and control,the number of personnels devoting to this work has been curtailed,working place and equipment is insufficient,which hinders the prevention and control.

To study the pharmacokinetics characteristic of loganin, ferulic acid and stilbene glucoside in rat plasma after oral administration of Bushen Tongluo formula. The plasma samples were treated by using liquid-liquid extraction technique, the concentrations were determined by HPLC-UV. Johnson spherigel C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) was adopted and eluted with the of mobile phase of methanol-water containing 0.01% glacial acetic acid in a gradient mode, with the flow rate at 1.0 mL x min(-1), column temperature at 30 degrees C and injection volume of 10 μL. According to the findings, loganin was determined at 235 nm, ferulic acid and stilbene glucoside were determined at 320 nm, with the sample size of 10 μL. The pharmacokinetic parameters of loganin, ferulic acid and stilbene glucoside were calculated by DAS 2. 0 software as follows: C(max) was (0.369 ± 0.042), (0.387 ± 0.071), (0.233 ± 0.044) mg x L(-1); t(max) was (0.226 ± 0.022), (0.282 ± 0.031), (0.233 ± 0.044) h; t(½β) was (6.89 ± 0.20), (10.73 ± 0.11), (6.93 ± 0.09) h; AUC(0-∞) was (1.91 ± 0.36), (3.22 ± 0.52), (1.52 ± 0.33) mg x h x L(-1); AUCO(0-t) was (1.62 ± 0.33), (2.58 ± 0.43), (1.30 ± 0.30) mg x h x L(-1); CL was (20.2 ± 4.0), (1.39 ± 0.23), (31.7 ± 6.9) L x h(-1) x kg(-1), respectively. The results showed that after the oral administration with Bushen Tongluo formula, loganin, ferulic acid and stilbene glucoside showed concentration-time curves in conformity with the two compartment model, with a rapid absorption, loganin and stilbene glucoside was excreted at a moderate speed, and ferulic acid was excreted slowly (but with the highest bioavailability). Bushen Tongluo formula can main maintain plasma concentration with three administrations everyday and so is suitable to be made into common oral preparation.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Biological Availability ; Coumaric Acids ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Glucosides ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Iridoids ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stilbenes ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics

To study the hemolytic effect of polyphyllin II (PP II) mediated by anion channel protein and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), in order to initially reveal its hemolytic mechanism in vitro. In the experiment, the spectrophotometric method was adopted to detect the hemolysis of PP II in vitro and the effect of anion channel-related solution and blocker, glucose channel-related inhibitor and multi-target drugs dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and diazepam on the hemolysis of PP II. The scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope were used to observe the effect of PP II on erythrocyte (RBC) morphology. The results showed that PP II -processed blood cells were severely deformed into spherocytes, acanthocyturia and vesicae. According to the results of the PP II hemolysis experiment in vitro, the anion hypertonic solution LiCl, NaHCO3, Na2SO4 and PBS significantly inhibited the hemolysis induced by PP II (P < 0.05), while blockers NPPB and DIDS remarkably promoted it (P < 0.01). Hyperosmotic sodium chloride, fructose and glucose at specific concentrations notably antagonized the hemolysis induced by PP II (P < 0.05). The glucose channel inhibitor Cytochalasin B and verapamil remarkably antagonized the hemolysis induced by PP II (P < 0.01). The hemolysis induced by PP II could also be antagonized by 1 gmol x L(1) diazepam and 100 μmol x L(-1) DHEA pretreated for 1 min (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the hemolytic mechanism of PP II in vitro may be related to the increase in intracellular osmotic pressure and rupture of erythrocytes by changing the anion channel transport activity, with GLUT1 as the major competitive interaction site.
Animals ; Diosgenin ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Erythrocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; Hemolysis ; drug effects ; Hemolytic Agents ; pharmacology ; Sheep

Objective To assess the long efficacy and safety of Lamotrigine(LTG) monotherapy and add-on therapy different types of epileptic seizures in children.Methods According to the classification of the 1981 and 1989 International Union of Antiepileptic for epileptic seizure,a total of 124 cases with epilepsy were included in the study and divided into non-refractory group with 93 cases and refractory group with 31 cases.LTG treatment only or add-on were used.Original drug dosage was not changed and LTG was added slowly and carefully untill the terrible side effect appeared.The average monthly seizure frequency with baseline in the last 3 months was compared and the side effect was observed.Results Total efficiency was 72.6%,control rate was 51.6%.Total efficiency and control rate of the non-refractory group was 81.0% and 61.3%,which was significantly higher than those of refractory group(48.4%,22.6%).Total efficiency and control rate of the combination group with LTG and valproate sodium(VPA) was 78.4% and 54.5%,which was significantly higher than those of the group of LTG only(61.0%,44.0%).Clinical results was different significantly between the course of the observation period within and over 5 years(P

Objective To observe the changes of expressions of glucose transporter 1,3 gene(GLUT1 mRNA and GLUT3 mRNA) in hippocampus after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in newborn rats and effects of progesterone on them.Methods Forty SD rats(7-day-old) were divided randomly into 4 groups:normal group,sham operation group,hypoxic-ischemic group and progesterone group.Rats were subjected to right common carotid artery ligation and exposed to 80 mL/L oxygen and 920 mL/L nitrogen gas for 2 hours to establish hypoxic-ischemic model in hypoxic-ischemic group and progesterone group.The rats in sham operation group only received right common carotid artery ligation.Progesterone(8 mg/kg) or sesame oil(of same volume) was given intraperitonealy in progesterone group or other groups 30 minutes before operation.All rats were killed 24 hours after operations.The expressions of GLUT1 mRNA and GLUT3 mRNA in hippocampus of rats in every group were assessed by adopting RT-PCR technique.Results The expressions of GLUT1 mRNA and GLUT3 mRNA in the hypoxic-ischemic group(0.674?0.083,0.785?0.093) increased markedly compared with those in sham operated group(0.374?0.061,0.519?0.060)(Pa0.05).Conclusions Progesterone maintain the energy supply of the brain by up-regulating the expression of GLUT1 mRNA and GLUT3 mRNA and accelerating the transportation of glucose into brain,which may be one of the protective mechanisms.

In this study we present our experiences with the reverse sural fasciocutaneous flap to reconstruct the distal lower limb soft tissue defects caused by traumatic injuries. These flap graftings were carried out from Oct. 2010 to Dec. 2012 in our department. The series consisted of 36 patients, including 21 men and 15 women with an average age of 46.2 years (14-83 years) and with a medium follow-up period of 18 months (12-24 months). Of all the cases of acute trauma, there were 10 cases of trauma of distal tibia, 9 cases of trauma of perimalleolus, and 17 cases of trauma of midfoot and forefoot. Related risk factors in the patients were diabetes (2 cases), advanced age (>65 years, 3 cases) and cigarette smoking (6 cases). The reverse flow sural island flap irrigation depended on lower perforators of the peroneal artery. The fasciocutaneous pedicle was 3-4 cm in width and the anatomical structures consisted of the superficial and deep fascia, the sural nerve, short saphenous vein, superficial sural artery together with an islet of subcutaneous cellular tissue and skin. The most proximal border of the flap was only 1.5 cm away from the popliteal skin crease and the pivot point was 5-7 cm above the tip of the lateral malleolus. All the flaps survived. No arterial crisis occurred in any case. The venous congestion occurred in 2 cases and got better after raising the limbs and bloodletting. Only in an old man, 1.5 cm necrosis of distal margin of his flap occurred and finally healed after continuous dressing change. One-stage skin grafting was performed, and all the donor sites were sutured and successfully healed. It was concluded that the reverse sural fasciocutaneous flap is safe and reliable to extend to the proximal third even near the popliteal skin crease. We also concluded this flap can be safely and efficiently used to treat patients with large and far soft-tissue defects from the distal leg to the forefoot with more versatility and it is easier to reach the recipient sites.

Objective To investigate the pathogenicity of transfusion transmitted virus (TTV) infection and assess the effect of genciclovir on TTV.Methods Serum TTV-DNA from 968 neonates was detected by a nested polymerase chain reaction technique and electropherosis. Alanine aminotrans ferase (ALT) and direct bilirubin (DB) were assayed in neonates with positive TTV-DNA.Genciclovir[10 mg/(kg?d)]was used to treat neonates with TTV-induced hepatitis.Results Among 968 neonates, 38 had positive TTV-DNA (4.0%). All neonates with positive TTV-DNA had normal serum levels of ALT and DB [(24.8?12.0) U/L and (17.6?6.8) ?mo l/L] 3 days after birth;But an elevated ALT and DB level [(95.5?16.4) U/L and (58.2?10.4) ?mol/L] occurred in 15 of them 2 weeks after birth,and were diagnosed as TTV-induced hepatitis.These patients had hypersomnia,jaundice and anorexia. Serum ALT and DB levels recovered to normal range one week after genciclovir therapy in 11 patients,so did the other 4 patients after 2 weeks therapy with genciclovir. Serum TTV-DNAs in all patients became negative 2 weeks after genciclovir therapy.Conclusion TTV infection exists in the neonates, and may be one of important causes of neonatal hepatitis.genciclovir might have a good anti-TTV effect.