Air Pollutants ; toxicity ; Air Pollution, Indoor ; adverse effects ; Animals ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; Female ; Interior Design and Furnishings ; Male ; Mice ; Mutagenicity Tests

AIM:To investigate the protective effect of nerve growth factor combined with Ginkgo biloba extract on retinal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR) injury in rabbits with experimental high intraocular pressure.METHODS:Establishment of rabbit glaucoma ischemia reperfusion model.Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:nerve growth factor group, Ginkgo biloba extract group and combination group.Respectively, in the continuous administration of 1, 7, 14d.We observed the morphological changes of the tissues of the retina.The levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD), nitric oxide(NO) and malondialdehyde(MDA) in retinal tissue were measured.RESULTS:Respectively, first, in the continuous administration of 1, 7, 14d, the contents of MDA and NO in Ginkgo biloba extract group and nerve growth group were higher than that in combination group (P<0.05).Secondly, the SOD content of Ginkgo biloba extract group and nerve growth group were lower than that of combination group at each time point (P<0.05).At each time point, the number of HE staining of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) showed that the loss of RGCs in the combination group was significantly lower than that in the other groups, and the ganglion cell count showed that the Ginkgo biloba extract group and the neuronal growth group were lower (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Nerve growth factor combined with Ginkgo biloba extract has better protective effect on retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury.The mechanism may be related to the decrease of free radicals and increase the activity of SOD in retinal tissue.

Objective To understand the environmental estrogens contamination of tap water and source water. Methods Environmental estrogens in the water samples were concentrated by macroporous adsorption resin H103. The effect of environmental estrogens in concentrated samples was assessed by the recombinant yeast system. Results The results showed that some source water and tap water really contained environmental estrogens. The activity of environmental estrogens in concentrated samples of some source water increased as the volume of concentrated sample increased. The concentrate of 100 ml water sample could show the estrogenic effect. Conclusion Some source waters and tap waters in China have been contaminated by environmental estrogens. Environmental estrogens in source water can not be removed completely by drinking water treatment system of city.

Objective To assess the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS)in evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of uterine leiomyoma treated by radiofrequency ablation(RFA)and to discuss the value of its application.Methods Forty-four patients which were diagnosed as uterine leiomyomas by ultrasonic guidance needle puncture biopsy preoperation were examined by CEUS before and one week after RFA treatment respectively,and the patho-results were got again after the surgery.Routine ultrasonography was performed in 1,3,6,12 months after the treatment to compare the volume change of uterine leiomyomas with the change of the clinical symptoms.Results After the treatment,CEUS showed that the contrast agent didn't appear in thirty-five patients'uterine leiomyomas and the nonperfusion regions matched the size of the uterine leiomyomas completely.The contrast agent enhanced on the edge of the uterine leiomyomas in nine,the patho-results confirmed that the nonperfusion regions of the contrast agent were necrosis tissues and the marginal local enhancement regions were incomplete necrosis.Three month after RFA treatment,the uterine leiomyomas began to shrink,which showed obviously in 6 months after the treatment.There were significant differences in the parameters before and after the treatment(P＜0.05).Clinical symptoms improved obviously in thirty-five patients(90%)after the treatment.Conclusions RFA is an effective minimally invasive surgery of the uterine leiomyoma.CEUS can identify the treatment range and the remaining tissues.It has significant value in guiding the supplementary treatment.

The stability of microbial flocculant (MBF) produced by Aspergillus sojae and its application to municipal thickened sludge dewatering were studied. The results showed that the MBF had high heat and acid-base endurance with high flocculating activity in a wide range of pH from 1.5 to 12. The MBF retained 96% of flocculating activity after 35 days preservation at 4℃, but in different pH the flocculating activity difference was very apparent after 35 days store at room temperature. The experimental results also demon- strated that the MBF was better than PAM and PAC in reducing specific resistance filtration. The optimal dose of MBF used for intensifying thickened sludge dewatering is 7%(volume fraction). And the more the volume of sludge is treated, the less the cost of MBF for unit volume sludge treatment.

ObjectiveTo determine the risk factors and the optimal management of hepatic artery complications (HAC) after orthotopic liver transplantation.MethodsThe clinical data of 180 orthotopic liver transplantation patients performed between January 2005 and September 2007 was reviewed.The incidence of HAC between primary liver carcinoma and benign diseases of liver was compared.ResultsTwelve (6.7％) episodes of HAC were identified.3 were hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT) and 9 were hepatic artery stenosis (HAS).The incidence of HAC in patients with primary liver carcinoma (6/39) was higher than benign disease (6/141)(P＜0.05).ConclusionsThe keys to management of HAC after orthotopic liver transplantation are to diagnose the complication in time and to select the proper treatment based on the type of HAC.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of laparoscopic cystogastrostomy for retrogastric pancreatic pseudocysts.Methods Five patients suffering from retrogastric pancreatic pseudocysts caused by severe acute biliary pancreatitis received conservative management for 2 ～ 6 months,and the sizes of pseudocysts were 8,10,12,14,15 cm.All the 5 patients received laparoscopic cystogastrostomy,and 4 ports methods was applied,through anterior gastric wall,the posterior gastric wall and pancreatic pseudocysts were incised by using harmonic scalpel,then cystogastrostomy was performed to drain the pseudocysts.Results Laparoscopic cystogastrostomy for retrogastric pancreatic pseudocysts was successful in all patients,theoperation time was 90,105,115,120,150 minutes.The blood loss was 100,150,150,200,300 ml.No intra-gastric bleeding occurred.After 1 month follow-up,all the pseudocysts disappeared,and there was no acute pancreatitis and local infection recurrence.Gastric leakage occurred 7 d after operation in one patient,and was healed after one month of conservative management.Conclusions Laparoscopic cystogastrostomy through gastric cavity for retrogastric pancreatic pseudocysts is simple and effective,mini-invasive,and it can be an alternative therapeutic method for pancreatic pseudocysts.

Objective To analyze the controlled risk factors of osteoporotic vertebral fractures, and determine the clinical value for the management of risk factors. Methods 626 cases of postmenopausal women were selected, age, height, weight and bone mineral density(BMD) of patients were collected.The Tetrax balance test system was used to assess the fall risks.Vertebral changes of patients were evaluated through X ray of thoracolumbar lateral. The clinical data were analyzed and compared between vertebral fracture group and non-vertebral fracture group. Spearman test was used to analyze the correlation between vertebral fracture and age, height, weight, body mass index(BMI), the risk of fall, body fat and BMD. Results 328 patients presented with osteoporotic vertebral fractures, while the other 298 cases did not suffer from osteoporotic vertebral fractures. There were 426 vertebral bodies involved. Comparing to non-vertebral fracture group, the vertebral fracture group showed higher age [(68.67±9.29)years vs.(63.04± 9.30)years], lower height[(151.10 ± 4.39)cm vs.(154.90 ± 5.86)cm], lower bone mineral density[lumbar spine BMD (0.85 ± 0.16)g/cm2 vs.(0.93 ± 0.17)g/cm2, hip spine BMD (0.72 ± 0.18)g/cm2 vs.(0.81 ± 0.13)g/cm2],higher body fat [(41.30 ± 5.20)％vs.(36.30 ± 5.90)％] and higher fall risk (41.38 ± 25.79 vs. 36.20 ± 26.22) ( P<0.001). While there were no statistical differences in weight and BMI between the two groups, age, height, BMI, body fat, fall risk, lumbar spine and hip BMD were significantly correlated with vertebral fracture (r=0.358,-0.323, 0.169, 0.186, 0.135,-0.398,-0.364, respectively, all P<0.001). Conclusions Decreased bone mineral density, increased age, abdomen fat content and increased fall risk, are the risk factors of osteoporotic vertebral fractures.

Background Even though the change in wavefront aberrations with correction modality is well documented in the literature,little is known about the underlying mechanism.Complete understanding of the causes responsible for the wavefront change in the combined lens-eye system is important since it provides basic knowledge for further improving the technique to correct refractive error by correcting lenses.Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of refractive correction lens on optical property of the eye by analyzing Zernike aberrations in myopic eyes with contact lens correction.Methods This study was approved by the Ethic Committee of Wenzhou Medical College.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject before entering this study.Zernike aberrations of 52 myopic eyes of 26 subjects with the spherical equivalent-1.75 to-8.50 D were measured using a Hartmann-Shock wavefront sensor.The human eye aberrations were examined at the uncorrected condition,rigid-gas-permeable contact lens (RGP-CL) corrected condition and soft contact lens (Soft-CL) corrected condition.The differences of wavefront aberrations and Zernike coefficients were compared by repeated measurement of single factor variance analysis,and correlation of the aberration changes between uncorrected condition and RGP-CL corrected condition or Sofi-CL corrected condition,between the right eyes and left eyes in different conditions were analyzed by Pearson linear correlation.Results Mean total root-mean-square (tRMS) was (0.71 ± 0.30)μm,(0.54±0.19)μm and (0.74±0.32)μm in the uncorrected condition,RGP-CL corrected condition and Soft-CL corrected condition,with a significant difference (F =8.758,P＜0.001),and tRMS was significant declined under the RGP-CL corrected condition compared with uncorrected condition (t =2.746,P =0.008),and tRMS in RGP-CL corrected condition was significantly lower than that in Soft-CL corrected condition (t =3.428,P =0.001).The high RMS (hRMS) was (0.34±0.12) μm,(0.28 ±0.12) μm,(0.40±0.14) μm in the uncorrected condition,RGP-CL corrected condition and Soft-CL corrected condition,with a significant difference among them (F =10.681,P＜0.001).An insignificant decrease of hRMS was seen in the RGP-CL corrected condition compared with uncorrected condition (t =1.987,P=0.053),but hRMS value was significant higher in the Soft-CL corrected condition than that in the uncorrected condition (t=2.101,P=0.041) and RGP-CL corrected condition (t=4.266,P＜0.001).Compared with uncorrected condition,the axis astigmatism (C5) and spherical aberration (C12) in the RGP-CL corrected condition and spherical aberration (C12) in the Soft-CL corrected condition were significantly reduced (P＜0.05),and the absolute values of trefoil (C6),vertical coma (C7) and tetrafoil (C10) in the RGP-CL corrected condition were lower than those of the uncorrected condition,but vertical coma (C7) absolute value in the Soft-CL corrected condition was increased (P＜0.05).A significantly positive correlation was seen in the spherical aberration (C12) between the RGP-CL corrected condition and uncorrected condition (r =0.763,P＜0.001),and less significant correlation was in the secondary astigmatism (C11) between the Soft-CL corrected condition and uncorrected condition(r=0.469,P＜0.001).Conclusions Different contact lens corrected conditions exert their effects on ocular wavefront structure due to its unique interaction with the eye.RGP-CL wearing has strong modification on wavefront aberrations probably due to its molding effect on corneal surface,which reduces the bilateral symmetry.High order wavefront aberration can be modified by Soft-CL wearing.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; complications ; Hemangioma ; complications ; diagnosis ; immunology ; pathology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; complications ; Hepatocytes ; cytology ; pathology ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; Liver Neoplasms ; complications ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; immunology ; Spleen ; immunology ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed