0.05), which shows that two kinds of patches from American Bard Corporation and the American Auto Suture Company have the similar effectiveness, but patch material has no direct relationship with complication occurrence.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Child ; Female ; Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of using polytetraflouroethylene (e-PTFE) tube with self-Schwann cells implanted to repair facial nerve defect.

METHODSEnzymatic digest method was used to get pure Schwann cells in short time. The e-PTFE membrane tube was used to bridge the 1.0 cm defect of facial nerve and pure self-Schwann cells were injected into the tube. As control group, the e-PTFE tube without self-Schwann cells was used in the same way. Electric physiological and histological examinations were taken in different times.

RESULTSThe effect of nerve regeneration of the experimental group was better than control group at any time. The nerve conduction velocity of the experimental group was 29.70 m/s in the 16th week, while the control groups was 23.00 m/s respectively at the same time.

CONCLUSIONIt is possible to obtain sufficient active Schwann cells by enzymatic digest method. Using e-PTFE tube to bridge the defect of facial nerve with self-Schwann cells implanted can get effect of nerve regeneration.

Facial Nerve ; Humans ; Nerve Regeneration ; Schwann Cells

Flavonoid glycosides (FGs) are secondary metabolites of many plants widely found in nature, and exhibit significant biological activities, such as anticancer, antioxidant and antimicrobial. According to the glycosidic bonds, FGs are divided into flavonoid O-glycosides and flavonoid C-glycosides. The main metabolic processes of FGs in vivo were specific hydrolysis in the gastrointestinal tract and glucuronidation in liver. Glucose, xylose, rhamnose and other glycosyl groups were hydrolyzed to produce secondary glycosides or aglycones in the gastrointestinal tract that were absorbed into blood, and then further glucuronidation and methylation metabolites are mainly produced by phase II metabolism in liver. This article reviews the metabolism in vivo and biotransformation in vitro of some typical natural flavonoid glycosides exited in Chinese materia medica (CMMs), such as flavonoid O-glycosides in Epimedii Folium, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, and Cirsii Japonici Herba, and flavonoid C-glycosides in Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Puerariae Lobatae Radix. The investigation of the metabolisms of FGs in vivo is helpful for the clarification of the effective ingredients in CMMs, which will provide the basis for new drugs development based on metabolites in vivo.

Abstract: Occupational epidemiology aims to explore the effect of occupational hazards on the health of workers and understand ， their mechanisms. It plays an important role in occupational health and occupational medicine.Currently occupational ， ， exposures in the workplace are complex and diverse and multiple factors affect workers´ health at the same time. Therefore it is important to elucidate the pathogenesis of occupational disease caused by occupational hazards and implement early - - intervention. System epidemiology collects data on multi level exposure and multi omics information to conduct network analysis - on the relationship amongrisk factors. and to study the mechanisms of exposures and health outcomes based on multi level data. ， ， ， ， Using the study design of system epidemiology occupational environmental lifestyle and social factors are combined as a ， system to evaluate the health of workers which can better evaluate the adverse health effects caused by occupational hazards. - ， ， The studies base on multi omics design will explore the pathogenesis of occupational diseases at the molecular cellular and tissue levels to evaluate the impact of occupational hazards on workers´ health and to explore interventions from multiple - perspectives to reduce the occurrence of occupational or work related diseases.

Objective To investigate the effects of chemokine CCL18 on the proliferation and invasion of a human melanoma cell line A375. Methods Human peripheral blood monocytes were isolated from healthy volunteers, cultured in vitro and divided into two groups to be induced by IL-4 for 48 hours or remain untreated. A375 cells were classified into 3 groups to be cultured with IL-4-induced monocytes, untreated monocytes or CCL18 of 200 g/L for various durations. A375 cells receiving no treatment served as the control.MTT assay was performed to detect the proliferation of A375 cells, chemotaxis test and Matrigel-transwell assay to evaluate the chemotaxis and invasion ability of A375 cells, and chicken chorioalllantoic memebrane (CAM)was used to detect the effect of CCL18 on tumor angiogenesis. Results The proliferation of A375 cells was statistically accelerated by IL-4-induced monocytes and untreated monocytes, but unaffected by CCL18.Matrigel-transwell assay revealed that IL-4-induced monocytes and CCL18 promoted the chemotaxis and invasion ability of A375 cells (all P＜0.05). Tumor angiogenesis was also increased by IL-4-induced monocytes and CCL18 (both P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion The chemokine CCL18 can promote the invasion ability of A375 cells and tumor angiogenesis.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effectiveness of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in treating patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) and the effect of IVIG on the level of soluble human leucocyte antigen G (sHLA-G).

METHODSThis prospective trial conducted at PUMC Hospital between 2004 and 2008 included 60 women with URSA. The patients were allocated into IVIG group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases). IVIG was intravenously used before conception at a dose of 0.2g/kg; once pregnancy was confirmed,IVIG was continued every 4 weeks till the 20th gestational week. Traditional Chinese medicine or/and progesterone were used in control group. The outcome of pregnancy was evaluated by live birth rate and effective rate(defined as the embryo living 4 week longer than previous pregnancy). Serum samples were collected randomly before pregnancy and in the 6th-8th gestational week from IVIG group (15 samples),control group (15 samples),and healthy women (20 samples). The levels of sHLA-G,interferon γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA).

RESULTSThe pregnancy rate was 93.3% in IVIG group. The live birth rate and effective rate were 85.7% (24/28) and 92.9% (26/28) in IVIG group,which were significantly higher than those in control group [56.7% (17/30) (P=0.021) and 63.3% (19/30) (P=0.011)]. Emesis occurred in one woman (3.3%) in IVIG group had during IVIG infusion but was relieved by lowering the speed of infusion. The mean sHLA-G level was (61.37∓35.57) U/ml in control group and (62.70∓37.24) U/ml in IVIG group (P>0.05); both of them were significantly lower than that of healthy women (88.49∓25.37) U/ml (Pü0.05). After pregnancy was achieved, the levels of sHLA-G and IL-10 were (34.19∓14.21) U/ml and (11.71∓2.75) pg/ml, respectively in the IVIG group, which were significantly higher than those in control group [(23.71∓12.83) U/ml and (8.71∓3.01) pg/ml, respectively] (P=0.008).

CONCLUSIONSLow-dose IVIG before and after pregnancy is a safe and effective in treating URSA. IVIG improves the development of fetus by up-regulating sHLA-G and IL-10 levels.

Abortion, Habitual ; blood ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Adult ; Female ; HLA-G Antigens ; blood ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous ; therapeutic use ; Pregnancy ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between the blood flow of the exceedingly expanded skin and the viability of the flap.

METHODSThe piglets were set up as the animal model. They were divided into 7 groups according to different injection volume of the tissue expander, i. e. injection to 1/2 content, 3/4 content, full content, 50% over content, 100% over content, sham-operation control and normal control. At different stages of expansion, the blood flow and the amplitude of the expanded skin were examined by laser Doppler. The survival length of the expanded flap was measured. Furthermore, statistical analysis was performed.

RESULTSAs the expansion volume increasing, the blood flow and the amplitude of the expanded skin increased, the survival length of the expanded flap increased also. In the meantime, the amplitude instability and vessel permeability increased. When the injection volume exceeded to 100%, the blood flow and the survival length of the expanded flap decreased.

CONCLUSIONSIn soft tissue and skin expansion, increasing injection volume could increase the survival length of the expanded flap, while over-expansion to 100% content may cause blood flow disturbance.

Animals ; Graft Survival ; Models, Animal ; Skin ; blood supply ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; Tissue Expansion Devices

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a hemolytic disease of abnormally activated complement. FLAER diagnosis is a higher sensitive and specific method, which makes PNH patients to be early discovered and treated. Non-typical symptoms including thrombosis, pulmonary hypertension and chronic kidney disease in PNH have been caused increasing attention. Eculizumab monoclonal antibody has greatly improved the current treatment status of PNH. PNH can be cured thoroughly by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In this article, the FLAER diagnosis, clinic symptoms and progress of treatment in patients with PNH are reviewed.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; therapeutic use ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans

To study the tissue distribution and excretion of indomethacin 5-fluorouracil-1-ylmethyl ester (IFM) metabolite 5-fluorouracil in rats, an accurate and specific high performance liquid chromatography method for quantifying IFM in rat plasma and tissues was developed. Biological samples were prepared by liquid-liquid extraction and separated on a Diamonsil C18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm ID, 5 microm). The mobile phase for tissue samples, plasma samples and feces samples were composed of methanol-water-36% acetic acid (3:96.9:0.1, v/v) and the mobile phase for urine samples was a mixture of methanol-water-36% acetic acid (10:89.9:0.1, v/v). The eluate was monitored by UV absorbance at 260 nm. After a single ig dose of 100 mg x kg(-1) IFM in rats, 5-Fu was mainly distributed in stomach, small intestine, and liver. The concentrations of 5-fluorouracil in other tissues and plasma were low. The excretion of 5-Fu in urine and feces amounted to 0.0065% and 0.063% of the dose, respectively. The method is shown to be accurate and specific, and suitable for preclinical pharmacokinetic studies of IFM.
Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; urine ; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; pharmacokinetics ; urine ; Feces ; chemistry ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; pharmacokinetics ; urine ; Indomethacin ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; urine ; Male ; Prodrugs ; pharmacokinetics ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tissue Distribution