OBJECTIVE To discuss the role of head hygiene for nosocomial infection control in operating room.METHODS The head band was weared to improve head hygiene,and enhance the consciousness in control nosocomial infection.RESULTS From Mar 2004 to Mar 2006 there were 2534 cases operated and 23 cases suffered incision infection(0.91%) when surgeon was without use of head band;but from Mar 2004 to Mar 2006 there were 3014 cases operated and the incision infection rate was 0.40%(12 cases) when surgeon was with use of head band.It was an effective method for reducing sweat-inducing contamination by wearing head band to control nosocomial infection in operating room.CONCLUSIONS To improve the head hygiene by wearing head band is arelatively simple practice,it can control nosocomial infection in operating room.

Antigens ; analysis ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; metabolism ; Citric Acid ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; analysis ; Edetic Acid ; Formaldehyde ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intestinal Mucosa ; immunology ; Ki-67 Antigen ; analysis ; Microwaves ; Palatine Tonsil ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6 ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo explore methods of treating middle and distal tibia nonunion with the treatment of advanced bone graft combined with locking compression plate.

METHODSFrom January 2011 to December 2012, 12 patients with middle and distal tibia nonunion were treated with advanced bone graft combined with locking compression plate. Among patients, there were 8 males and 4 females aged from 20 to 69 with an average of 47 years old. The time from first injuries to bone nonunion was from 9 months to 5 years, avergaed 19 months. Four cases were treated with external fixation, 6 cases were treated with plate fixation, 2 cases of 12 patients occurred broken of plate and nail. Eleven patients were non-infective bone nonunion and 1 patient was infective bone nonunion. Preoperative X-ray and CT showed all patients had sequestration and formation of ossified bone with different degrees. Operative time, blood loss, wound healing were observed, fracture healing time was evaluated by postoperative X-ray. Johner-Wruhs scoring standards was used to evaluate ankle joint function after operation at 10 months.

RESULTSOperative time ranged from 90 to 185 min with an average of (125.00±20.15) min; blood loss ranged from 225 to 750 ml with an average of (415.00±120.00) ml. All patients were followed up from 10 months to 2.5 years with an average of 1.5 years. Postoperative X-ray showed bone union was formed around fracture after operation at 4 months in all patients, 3 cases obtained bone healing within 6 months after operation, 9 cases obtained from 8 to 12 months. No infection, injury of nerve and vessles, and broken of plate and nail were ocurred. According to Johner-Wruhs scoring at 10 months after operation, 10 cases obtained excellent results, 1 good and 1 moderate.

CONCLUSIONAdvanced bone graft combined with locking compression plate, which can build fracture multi-point supporting based on full compression of bone nonunion to get effective fixation, is an effective method in treating middle and distal tibia nonunion.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Bone Transplantation ; Female ; Fracture Healing ; Fractures, Ununited ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

Objective:To map dominant antigenic determinants on SAK by gene-targeted fragmemt library . Methods:①The PcAbs specificly against SAK were produced by immunning BALB/C mice. Pu rified the antisera through a SAK-Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography column. The purified PcAbs were biotinylated for next step. ② After constructing SAK r andom epitope library we sequenced 12 isolated clones randomly to ensure its int egrity ,capability and randomness.③The library was screening by situ-clone hy bridization.④Constructed mSAK ,the A1 region deleted mutant of SAK ,and used Western-blot assay to identified its immunoreactivity. Results:①Got a dominant epitope at amino acid 71-89,called A1 region; ②Western-bl ot assay suggested that mSAK, a mutant SAK without A1 region., didn't combine to the anti-SAK PcAbs.Conclusion:A dominant epitope of SAK was mapped successfully with a simple,effective method . [

OBJECTIVETo analyze the biologic principle of orthodontic treatment in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and open bite.

METHODSEleven pre-adolescent patients with severe skeletal Class III malocclusion and open bite (age range 7 - 9 years old, mean age 8.3 +/- 0.8) were included. All patients were surgical cases but the patients rejected surgery. The treatment methods used were face mask, rapid maxillary expansion occlusal splint and fixed appliance. Lateral cephalometric films were taken before and after treatment. Cephalometric analysis was performed.

RESULTSAfter the treatment SNA changed from (79.0 +/- 1.2) degrees to (81.9 +/- 0.8) degrees (P < 0.01). And the inclination of lower incisors was decreased from (25.6 +/- 2.1) degrees to (20.1 +/- 1.4) degrees when measured to the NB line (P < 0.01). The direction of the facial growth was maintained.

CONCLUSIONSGood orthodontic results could be achieved in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and open bite.

Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III ; complications ; therapy ; Open Bite ; complications ; therapy ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; methods

OBJECTIVEThe aim of the present study was to prepare uniform-sized silybin loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres in study of silybin with stainless steel membrane.

METHODSilybin PLGA microspheres were prepared by stainless steel membrane emulsification. The preparation conditions were optimized by single-factor test and orthogonal experiment, and evaluating the mean diameters, the particle size distribution, drug loading, entrapment efficiency and morphology of microsphere.

RESULTPrepared microspheres were round and surface was smooth. The mean diameter was (4.961 +/- 0.56) microm. The span was (1.75 +/- 0.18). The entrapment efficiency was (54.997 +/- 4.05)% and the average drug loading was (23.6 +/- 1.70)%.

CONCLUSIONThe stainless steel membrane emulsification can be used to prepare the silybin PLGA microspheres. The mean diameters of the silybin PLGA microspheres can be controlled in certain level. Stainless steel membrane emulsification has great potentiality exploitation and utilization.

Drug Compounding ; methods ; Emulsions ; chemistry ; Lactic Acid ; chemistry ; Microspheres ; Particle Size ; Polyglycolic Acid ; chemistry ; Silymarin ; chemistry ; Stainless Steel ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the correlation between micro?bleeds and hemorrhagic transformation( HT ) after ischemic stroke. Methods One hundred and forty?five cases patients with acute ischemic stroke who were admitted to Luhe Hospital of Beijing Affiliated to Capital Medical University from 2009 to 2014 were retrospective analyzed. The MBs T2??weighted gradient?echo MRI was performed within 48 hours after admission to examine if there was a micro?bleeds,and the incidence of HT was assessed using follow?up brain MRI or CT in 2 weeks after admission. There were 125 patients with stroke were in without HT group and 20 patients were in HT group. Results There were no significant differences in terms of MBs ( P=0. 170 ) , gender( P=0. 671 ) , age ( P=0. 528 ) , hypertension ( P=0. 597 ) , diabetes ( P=0. 571 ) , hyperlipidaemia ( P=0. 772),smoking(P=0. 672),history of stroke(P=0. 469),coagulation function(P=0. 527),antiplatelet(P=0. 642),anticoagulation(P=0. 611) in HT group and without HT group. Atrial fibrillation((45%(9/20) vs. 22%( 28/125 ) , P = 0. 034 ) , NIHSS score ( 10. 9 ± 0. 5 ) points vs. ( 7. 8 ± 1. 2 ) points, P<0. 001 ) , thrombolysis(20% (4/20) vs.5% (6/125),P = 0.015) have significant differences in two groups.In multivariate logistic regression analysis,atrial fibrillation( OR=2. 421,95%CI 1. 823-3. 256,P=0. 012) ,NIHSS score( OR=9. 303, 95%CI 3. 094-27. 970, P<0. 001 ) were independent predictors for HT after ischemic stroke. Conclusion There is no relationship between MBs and HT after ischemic stroke. Atrial fibrillation,the severe of stroke are independent predictors for HT after ischemic stroke.

Objective To evaluate 99tcm-DTPA nuclear dynamic imaging in distinguishing the renal occupied disease.Methods A total of 164 in-patients with renal occupied disease who underwent surgery were included.According to the pathological diagnosis,119 patients had malignant tumors,and 45 patients had benign diseases.All patients’ imaging was retrospectively analyzed.Application of 99Tcm-DTPA nuclear dynamic imaging in renal occupied disease was compared with ultrasonography (US),computed tomography (CT),magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),intravenous pyelogram (IVP),and positron emission tomography (PET)-CT.Results The accuracy rates of different imaging methods in distinguishing between renal malignant and benign disease were 99Tcm-DTPA (84 ％,45 ％),US (72 ％,64 ％),CT ( 91％,92 ％),MRI (50 ％,67 ％),IVP (50 ％, 17 ％), respectively.The diagnostic accuracy rate of PET-CT for malignant tumors was 67 ％.The accuracy rates of 99Tcm-DTPA in distinguishing different phases of renal cell carcinoma were statistically significant (x 2 =83.4, P ＜ 0.01), while the accuracy rates in distinguishing renal cyst from renal angiomyolipoma were not statistically different.With the greater diameter, the diagnostic accordance rate is higher (x 2 =16.05,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion 99Tcm-DTPA could be used not only to evaluate the renal function quantificationally,but also be helpful to distinguish renal malignant tumor from benign disease.

Objective To investigate the role of TNSALP gene detection in prenatal diagnosis of HPP. Method The clinical data and the results of complete exon sequencing of TNSALP gene in one neonate with low alkaline phosphatase (HPP) were analyzed retrospectively. Peripheral bloods from his family members were collected. The amniotic fluid cell in fetuses at 17 weeks was tested for candidate gene mutations by Sanger sequencing. Results Mainly manifestations in 6-day-old baby were multiple fractures, limb shortening and bending and dyspnea. He died of respiratory failure 9 days after birth. The serum alkaline phosphatase was decreased and serum calcium was decreased slightly; serum phosphorus, serum 25 hydroxyvitamin-D and parathyroid hormone were normal. X-ray showed that the whole body bone was very poorly mineralized, and the long diaphysis was enlarged with shape of a cup at the end and multiple fractures existed. Gene sequencing revealed a complex heterozygous missense mutation in the TNSALP gene, including the heterozygous missense mutation c.542C>T in exon sixth causing 181st amino acids changed from serine to leucine (p.S181L), and tenth exon heterozygous missense mutation in c.1016G>A causing 339th amino acid changed from glycine to glutamic acid (p.G339E). The parental phenotypes were normal. The c.542C>T mutation is inherited from his father and the c.1016G>A mutation is inherited from his mother. These two mutations were not detected in the fetus. Conclusion TNSALP gene analysis can be applied to the diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis of HPP.

Objective To explore a method for isolation and culture of human epidermal stem cells. Methods Epidermis was obtained by digesting human foreskin with Dispase Ⅱ and Trypsin-EDTA.After suspension on the epidermal stem cell medium (ESCM), these single epidermis cells were inoculated onto human collagen Ⅳ-coated flasks and cultured at 37 ℃ in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO_2 for 10 min. The nonadherent cells were rinsed off 10 min after inoculation, and the adherent cells continued to be cultured after enriching and abstraction by type Ⅳ collagen. The cell growth was observed through inverted microscope, and the cell cloning efficiency and time of clone sustain were also detected. Immunocytochemistry was used to observe the expression of ?_1-integrin and keratin 19(K19). Keratinocytes were served as controls. Results It was revealed by histological observation that colonies were formed 24 hours after inoculation. The isolated and cultured cell cloning efficiency was higher and the time of clone sustain was longer than that of the control group. Positive expression of ?_1-integrin and K19 of cultured cells was detected by immunocytochemistry. Conclusion Adult epidermal stem cells could be successfully isolated and cultured by adhension with type Ⅳ collagen and culture with ESCM.