Neoplastic stem cells (NSCs)are the source of tumor occurrence and development,and its special microenvironment is involved in tumor drug resistance,recurrence and metastasis by regulating NSCs or changing itself. Eradicating NSCs and interfering the special microenvironment may be the new therapeutic strategies for cancer.

The relationship between adjunctive drug (AD) and other drugs in a compound prescription and the actions of AD are very complex. From historical view, it showed the adjunctive action of AD was only be recognized with emphasis on its action as corrigent and effect on complications. In modern medicine, the actions of AD were reduced to 3 aspects: the assistant action, the restrained action and the corrigent action, with new contents added in each aspect on the basis of the ancient understanding. The authors hold that to master the various actions of AD and its relationship with other drugs in the prescription would be helpful in choosing them accurately and scientifically, thus to contribute the treatment in accordance with disease.
China ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Prescriptions ; Drug Synergism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; History, 16th Century ; History, 17th Century ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; history

Adult ; Facial Hemiatrophy ; Humans ; Male

Aortic Valve ; pathology ; Calcinosis ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; pathology ; Heart Valve Diseases ; pathology ; Humans

Medical microbiology is basic course of medicine.In order to improve teaching quality,we employ discussing-mode education in microbiology.This education style can not only enlighten and train poly-directional thought ability,capacity of bringing forth new ideas and pioneering spirit,but draw close the distance between students and modern life science,which make microbiological course become beginning of exploring microbiology.The employment of education style of discussing microbiology new advance is effective pathway of exploring most suitable high-quality person of talent training.

BACKGROUND: The formation of long-term memory includes acquisition, consolidation and reconsolidation. Reconsolidation is very important for the new memory transforming into stable memory. Stress is an important environmental factor in the process of learning and memory. Corticosterone is very important for stress response. At present, research about the impact of corticosterone on reconsolidation of novel object recognition memory is less. Thus, it is very important to test the impact of corticosterone on reconsolidation of novel object recognition memory in rats.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of corticosterone on the reconsolidation of novel object recognition memory in rats.
METHODS: (1) The rats were intraperitoneal y injected with corticosterone (0.1, 1 and 3 mg/kg) immediately after reactivation. The discrimination index was used to assess memory performance and calculated as the difference in time exploring the novel and familiar objects. (2) The rats were intraperitoneal y injected with corticosterone (3 mg/kg) 6 hours after reactivation. The discrimination index was used to assess memory performance and calculated as the difference in time exploring the novel and familiar objects. (3) The rats were intraperitoneal y injected with corticosterone 3 mg/kg without reactivation. The discrimination index was used to assess memory performance and calculated as the difference in time exploring the novel and familiar objects.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Immediate injection of corticosterone 3 mg/kg after reactivation significantly decreased the discrimination index. At 6 hours after reactivation or without reactivation, corticosterone administration did not impact the discrimination index. These results confirmed that corticosterone administration immediately after reactivation impairs the reconsolidation of novel object recognition memory. The damage effect depends on the reactivation experience and the specific time window after reactivation.

AIM: To understand the relationship between pentanucleotide repeat(PNR) polymorphism of the apolipoprotein(a) gene and lipoprotein natures of normal Han population. METHODS: The serum levels of TG, TC, LDL-C,HDL-C, apo AI, apo B and Lp(a) were measured and the polymorphism of the apo(a) PNR was studied by using PCR-SSCP in 153 random normal individuals in Hubei Han population respectively. RESULTS: The relative frequencies of apo(a) PNR allele were significantly different from western population. The apo(a) gene which copy number of PNR is 5 was associated with high Lp(a) levels. No marked differences in the levels of TG, TC,LDL-C, HDL-C, apo AI and apo B were found among the various genotype groups of apo(a) PNR in Hubei Han. CONCLUSION: The data of lipids and PNR polymorphism of the apo(a) gene from healthy Hubei Han were obtained. The apo(a) allele with 5(TTTTA)-repeats may be related to high serum Lp(a) levels in the Hubei Han population.

AIM: To investigate the pentanucleotide repeat(PNR) polymorphism of apolipoprotein(a) in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) in Hubei area, and evaluate the association of polymorphism of apo(a) PNR with the level of serum lipid. METHODS: Objects examined were composed of two groups: 88 patients with CHD and 153 healthy controls. Lp(a), TC,TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, ApoAⅠand ApoB of two groups were tested. Meanwhile,the PNR in the 5' control region of the Apo(a) was detected by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and high voltage polyacrylamid gels electropherosis. RESULTS: The serum Lp(a), TC, TG and LDL-C levels were remarkably higher in the CHD than that in control( P

AIM:To investigate efficacy of ranibizumab combined with laser treatment for patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and macular edema.METHODS: We selected 67 patients (67 eyes) with BRVO and macular edema in our hospital from March 2013 to June 2016, they were randomly divided into observation group (n=31) and control group (n=36).The observation group was treated with ranibizumab combined with laser treatment.The control group was treated with macular grid photocoagulation.We observed best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), centre macular thickness (CMT) and macular leakage of two groups.RESULTS: The BCVA of observation group at 1, 2 and 3mo after treatment were 0.41±0.07, 0.42±0.05 and 0.48±0.05, significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05).The CMT of observation group at 1, 2 and 3mo after treatment were 203.11±59.13μm, 201.41±56.22μm and 204.22±60.13μm, significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05).The blood vessel leakage of observation group at 3mo after treatment was significantly better than that of the control group (P<0.05).No leakage ratio in the observation group was 71%.There were no postoperative infection, aseptic endophthalmitis and other complications in the two groups.CONCLUSION: Ranibizumab combined with laser treatment in patients with BRVO and macular edema has better curative effect, can improve the visual acuity of patients, eliminate macular edema, and is safe and reliable.

Esophagus ; pathology ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Infant ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Trachea ; pathology ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; surgery