Objective Meta-analysis the efficacy and safety of Exenatide and insulin therapy oral hypoglycemic drugs effect of obesity with type 2 diabetes .Methods According to the research purpose to set up the screening of related literature and exclusion criteria; formulatethe searching strategy, through PubMed、the Chinese Biological Medicine Datebase(CBM)、 CNKI、Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP to retrieve all theliterature selection of efficacy and safety by Exenatide oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin therapy of obese type 2 diabetes mellitus.Choose met inclusion exclusion criteria, the complete data information randomized controlled trial (RCT) as the research object; Apply to the international commonly used Jadad score method to evaluate quality included in the test; To process the relevant data in the test ; Apply the ReviewManager 5.1 software to analysis the extracted research data.Analysis the results and put forward conclusions.Results Participants included 11 RCT , meta analysis results showed that compared with the Exenatide, in terms of reducing fasting glucose ,insulin effect more apparent [MD = 0.35, 95％CI: (0.11, 0.59), P = 0.004)]. In control effect of glycosylated hemoglobin, there was no statistically significant difference[MD=-0.04 ,95％CI:(-0.20,0.11), P=0.58],between Exenatide and insulin. Compared with the insulin, Exenatide reduce BMI more apparent[MD=-2.77,(95％CI: -3.34,-2.20),P<0.00001]; Compared with the insulin, Exenatide reduce insulin resistance index, the effect is more obvious[MD=-1.67,95％CI:(-1.93,-1.41), P<0.00001]; Adverse reaction in the process of treatment, the insulin is more likely to lead to hypoglycemia, [OR = 0.32, 95％ CI: 0.19, 0.54), P<0.0001]; While Exenatide are more likely to lead to gastrointestinal adverse reaction [OR = 4.04, 95％ CI: 2.35, 6.93), P<0.00001).Conclusion According to the Meta-analysis: Exenatide can be used in the treatment of oral hypoglycemic drugs of adult obesity with type 2 diabetes, and obvious effects of treatment of insulin resistance, long-term results still needs a large number of samples of high quality RCT to verify.

The objective was to observe the effect of G-CSF as a mobilizer of hematopoitic stem cells on the absolute counts of T-cell subsets in peripheral blood and their relevance with the mobilized CD34(+) cells. The examples of peripheral blood from 26 patients performed of autologous stem cell transplantation were taken before and after mobilization by G-CSF. Flow cytometry was used for detecting CD3(+), CD3(+)CD4(+), CD3(+)CD8(+), CD3(+)CD4(+)CD8(+) and CD3(+)CD4(-)CD8(-) cells. Concurrently, their correlations with mobilized CD34(+) cells in peripheral blood were compared. The results showed that after the mobilization by G-CSF, the amounts of CD3(+), CD3(+)CD4(+), CD3(+)CD4(+)CD8(+) and CD3(+)CD4(-)CD8(-) cells in peripheral blood increased by 2.23, 2.62, 2.99 and 10.96 fold respectively, but that of CD3(+)CD4(-)CD8(+) cells was nearly no changed (P = 0.243). The correlation coefficient of CD3(+)CD4(-)CD8(-) cells and mobilized CD34(+) cells was 0.796, (P = 0.000) and no correlation with other T-cell subsets. It was concluded that when CD34(+) cells were mobilized by G-CSF from bone marrow to peripheral blood, the absolute counts of the peripheral T-cell subsets got changed. The increase of CD3(+)CD4(-)CD8(-) cells had correlated with mobilization effect of CD34(+) cells into peripheral blood.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Antigens, CD34 ; analysis ; Female ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; pharmacology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) with the polymorphism of the CYP2E1 gene, smoking and drinking, and to explore the joint role of genes and living habits in PCa pathogenesis.

METHODSWe conducted a case-control study on 109 PCa patients and 202 age-matched non-PCa male controls, and detected the polymorphisms of CYP2E1 Rsa I and Pst I sites by PCR-RFLP using DNA from peripheral blood lymphocytes.

RESULTSThe history of deep smoking (OR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.28 - 4.09) or heavy smoking (OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.02 - 3.22) was a risk factor. The CYP2E1 C1/C1 genotype significantly increased the risk of PCa (OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.04 - 2.82) and apparently interacted with drinking (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.06 - 4.59). Heavy smokers with the C1/C1 genotype showed an increased risk of PCa (OR = 2.80, 95% CI: 1.20 - 6.56), as compared with non-smokers carrying the genotype of C1/C2 or C2/C2.

CONCLUSIONThe risk of PCa obviously increases in individuals with both the CYP2E1 C1/C1 genotype and the habit of smoking or drinking, and it has a significant positive correlation with the dose of tobacco exposure.

Aged ; Alcohol Drinking ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Smoking ; epidemiology ; genetics

OBJECTIVE We want to investigate the mechanism of organophosphate- induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN) and find appropriate therapeutic medicine. OPIDN, often leads to pares?thesias, ataxia and paralysis, occurs in the late-stage of acute poisoning or after repeated exposures to organophosphate (OP) insecticides or nerve agents, and may contribute to the Gulf War Syndrome. METHODS FDSS Ca2 +-influx assays, single-cell calcium imaging and patch-clamp electrophysiology were the major testing techniques. Transfected HEK293 cells and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons were used to evaluate the effects of compounds. Wild type and trpa1 knockout mice and adult hyline brown hens were used to evaluate the neuropathological damages caused by the OPs. Transmission electron microscopy imaging was used to observe the nerve injuries ultrastructurally. High-throughput screen for TRPA1 inhibitors was accomplished by Ion Works Barracuda (IWB) automated electrophysiology assay. RESULTS TRPA1 (Transient receptor potential cation channel, member A1) channel mediates OPIDN. A variety of OPs, exemplified by malathion, activates TRPA1 but not other neuronal TRP channels. Malathion increases the intracellular calcium levels and upregulates the excitability of mouse DRG neurons in vitro. Mice with repeated exposures to malathion also develop local tissue nerve injuries and pain-related behaviors, which resembles the early symptoms of OPIDN. Both the neuropathological changes and the nocifensive behaviors can be attenuated by treatment of TRPA1 antagonist HC030031 or abolished by knockout of Trpa1 gene. In the classic hens OPIDN model, malathion causes nerve injuries and ataxia to a similar level as the positive inducer tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (TOCP), which also activates TRPA1 channel. Treatment with HC030031 reduces the damages caused by malathion or TOCP. Duloxetine and Ketotifen, two commercially available drugs exhibiting TRPA1 inhibitory activity, show neuroprotective effects against OPIDN and might be used in emergency situations. CONCLUSION TRPA1 is the major mediator of OPIDN and targeting TRPA1 is an effective way for the treatment of OPIDN.

OBJECTIVETo study the etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management of persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS).

METHODSTwo cases of PMDS were reported, one accompanied by transverse testicular ectopia and the other associated with cryptorchidism. Corporeal hysterectomy and orchidopexy were given to both the patients and cryptorchidectory the latter.

RESULTSVascular supply and texture of the testis were normal in both the 2 patients after 1.5-2 years' follow-up.

CONCLUSIONPMDS is male pseudohermaphroditism, for which means should be taken to preserve the blood supply and fertility function of the testis in surgical management, and attention should be paid to possible development of testis tumor in follow-up.

Adult ; Disorders of Sex Development ; pathology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Mullerian Ducts ; abnormalities ; Syndrome

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between blood pressure control status and patients' knowledge on hypertension prevention and control among hypertensive patients.

METHODSA total of 726 hypertensives were selected from four community health service centers (2 urban and 2 rural) in Beijing. All subjects were investigated by questionnaires and their blood pressures were measured at the same time.

RESULTSThe rate for blood pressure under control (< 140/90 mm Hg, 1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) in the rural and urban patients were 46.4% and 23.9% respectively. The control rate increased with the increase of patients' knowledge on prevention and control of hypertension in both urban and rural patients. The cumulative effect of knowledge on hypertension control status could contribute 30.0% to the difference in hypertension control rate between rural and urban patients.

CONCLUSIONPatients' knowledge on hypertension control was significantly related to the rate on hypertension control. Health education should be helpful to improve the rate on hypertension control.

Aged ; Blood Pressure ; physiology ; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ; China ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Hypertension ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Outpatients ; education ; Patient Education as Topic ; organization & administration ; Rural Population ; Social Class ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Treatment Outcome ; Urban Population

Applying Chinese medicine (CM) is an important strategy for malignant tumor treatment in China. One of the significant characteristics of CM is to treat diseases based on syndrome differentiation. For Western medicine, it is of important clinical significance to formulate guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients based on the characteristics of disease differentiation. In Chinese clinical practice, the combination of disease differentiation and syndrome differentiation is an important feature for cancer treatment in the past. Currently, molecular profiling and genomic analysis-based precision medicine optimizes the anticancer drug design and holds the greatest success in treating cancer patients. Therefore, we want to know which populations of cancer patients can benefit more from CM treatment if the theory of precision medicine is applied to CM clinical practice. So, we developed a novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategy "disease-syndrome differentiation-genomic profiling-prescriptions" for cancer patients by CM syndrome differentiation and precision medicine. As a result, this strategy has greatly enhanced the anti-tumor efficacy of CM and improved clinical outcomes for cancer patients with some gene mutations. Our idea will hopefully establish a novel approach for the inheritance and innovation of CM.
Antineoplastic Agents ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Neoplasms/therapy* ; Precision Medicine ; Syndrome