This study is aimed to establish a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for simultaneous determination of skimmin, scopolin and umbelliferone in Saussurea hieracioides. Samples were analyzed on a Wondasil C18-WR column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) with methanol (A) and water containing 0.1% phosphate (B) as mobile phases for gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). The detection wavelength and column temperature were set at 325 nm and 35 degrees C, respectively, and the sample size was 10 microL. The results showed that skimmin, scopolin and umbelliferone were simultaneously achieved within 40 min under the above conditions. A good linearity was observed in the range of 0.18-5.6 microg (r = 1.000 0), 0.060-1.8 microg (r = 0.999 9), 0.032-0.97 microg (r = 0.999 8) for skimmin, scopolin and umbelliferone, respectively, with the average recoveries of 99.16% (RSD = 0.41%), 100.3% (RSD = 0.79%), 102.2% (RSD = 0.87%). The method is simple, accurate and reproducible and can be used for the quality control of S. hieracioides.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Coumarins ; analysis ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Reproducibility of Results ; Saussurea ; chemistry ; Umbelliferones ; analysis

Animals ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Body Weight ; Diet ; Female ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Temperature

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of target-controlled infusion (TCI) of etomidate and remifentanil for endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA).Methods Sixtynine ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes,aged 35-71 yr,weighing 41-83 kg,scheduled for elective EBUS-TBNA,were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n =23 each).In group Ⅰ,anesthesia was induced with TCI of propofol and iv injection of fentanyl 4 μg/ml,and the target plasma concentration (Cp) of propofol was set at 3-4 μg/ml.In group Ⅱ ,anesthesia was induced with TCI of propofol ( Cp 3-4 μg/ml) and remifentanil ( Cp 5 ng/ml).In group Ⅲ ,anesthesia was induced with TCI of etomidate (Cp 0.3-0.4 μg/ml) and remifentanil (Cp 5 ng/ml).After the patients lost consciousness,laryngeal mask airway was inserted to perform mechanical ventilation.PETCO2 was maintained at 30-40 mm Hg.BIS value was maintained at 40-60.The use of vasoactive agents (perdipine,ephedrine,atropine and esmolol) and occurrence of bucking during operation,emergence time,and the occurrence of nausea and vomiting within 24 h after operation were recorded.Blood samples were collected from the femoral vein at 30 min before induction,at the end of operation and at 24 h after operation for determination of the plasma cortisol concentration.Results The incidence of bucking and nausea and vomiting was significantly lower,the emergence time was significantly shorter,and the number of patients who needed vasoactive agents during operation was significantly smaller in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ than in group Ⅰ ( P ＜ 0.05).The number of patients who needed vasoactive agents during operation was significantly smaller in group Ⅲ than in group Ⅱ (P ＜0.05).Compared with groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ,the plasma cortisol concentration was significantly decreased at the end of operation in group Ⅲ (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the plasma cortisol concentration at each time point between groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P＞0.05).Conclusion TCI of etomidate (Cp 0.3-0.4 μg/ml) and remifentanil (Cp 5 ng/ml) can provide satisfactory anesthesia for EBUS-TBNA with few adverse effects.

Animals ; Diet ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; blood ; Hemorheology ; Lipid Metabolism ; physiology ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Progesterone ; blood ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Temperature

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for promoting the priority use of essential medicines. METHODS:The use amount ratio of essential medicines in 2 third-level grade-A hospitals in Beijing from 2011 to 2013 was statistically investigated. And the literatures related to policies of essential medicines and application were retrieved for in-depth analysis. RESULTS:The use amount ratios of essential medicines in the outpatient and emergency departments in Beijing Hospital of Ministry of Health from 2011 to 2013 were respectively 24.04%,23.10% and 22.76%;and the use amount ratios of essential medicines of inpatients were respectively 16.56%,14.52% and 12.04%. The use amount ratios of essential medicines in the outpatient and emergency depart-ments in Beijing Friendship Hospital(a pilot hospitals of cancelling drug addition medical reform)in the 3 years were respectively 21.59%,19.85% and 22.93%;the use amount ratios of essential medicines of inpatients were respectively 17.70%,17.62% and 15.89%. The use amount ratios of essential medicines did not meet 25%-30% of the requirements. CONCLUSIONS:Cancelling the drug addition and adjusting the types and quantity of essential medicine list had no obvious effects on the use amount ratios of gen-eral third-level grade-A hospitals. It is suggested to promote the priority use of essential medicines by systems of medical insurance total amount prepayment,single disease payment or diagnosis related groups-based prepayment and the free policy of essential medi-cines,rather than administrative order.

Objective To explore the clinical application value of the expression levels of serum hypoxia induced factor-1α(HIF-1α),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),carcino-embryonic antigen(CEA)and CA125 in predicting the recurrence or metastasis of colon cancer after radical resection.Methods Totally 123 cases of colon cancer after radical surgery in our hospital from July 2009 to December 2013 were performed the retrospective analysis.The correlation between the serum markers levels with the recurrence or metastasis was dynamically analyzed.Results (1)The HIF-1αand CEA levels after operation in 123 cases of co-lon cancer were decreased significantly compared with before operation;(2)The HIF-1α,CEA and CA125 levels in 39 cases of re-currence or metastasis were significantly increased compared with those in 84 cases of non-recurrence or non-metastasis (P <0.05);(3)in 39 cases of recurrence or metastasis,the HIF-1α and CEA levels in recurrence or metastasis were increased signifi-cantly compared with those after the end of chemotherapy (P <0.05);(4)HIF-1αwas positively correlated to VEGF(P <0.05). Conclusion The serum levels of HIF-1αand CEA in the patients with colon cancer are positively correlated with recurrence or me-tastasis,the dynamically combined detection of serum markers has an important significance for predicting and early find recurrence or metastasis after radical operation in colon cancer.

Objective: To study the health effects of selenium tea on cardiovascular system. Methods : Four groups of Wistar rats were fed standard diet and water, standard diet and selenium tea , high fat diet and water ,high fat diet and selenium tea respectively. Twelve weeks later, the plasma apoA , apoB, body weight, whole blood viscosity , plasma viscosity , and hematorcrit were determined while plasma fibrinogen and inhibition of erythrocyte aggregation were calculated. Results: At the end of the experiment ,the plasma apoA level of selenium tea groups was significantly higher than that of control group, while the ratio of apoB/apoA was significantly lower than that of control group. Selenium tea decreased the whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity and inhibited erythrocyte aggregation and body weight. Conclusion: Selenium tea could significantly improve the lipoprotein metabolism and hermorrheology and decrease body weight of the rats fed high fat diet.

Objective To investigate ultrasonographic features of primary and metastatic ovarian yolk sac tumors.Methods Ultrasonographic features of 19 primary lesions and 33 metastatic lesions in 35 patients were retrospectively analyzed.Results Primary tumors were sized (14.6±3.6)cm in maximum diameter,manifesting as cysti-solid masses.Solid components of primary tumors were mainly hypoechoic or isoechoic(16/19)with rich blood supplies.Thirty-three metastatic lesions were located in pelvoceliac cavity(26/33) and liver parenchyma(7/33),sized (9.4±4.5)cm,(9.2±4.9)cm and (5.6±1.6)cm in maximum diameter respectively.Metastatic lesions in pelvoceliac lesions mainly demonstrated as hypoechoic masses(21/26), however lesions in the liver were mainly hyperechoic(5/7).Anechoic regions could be found in 9/26 of the pelvoceliac lesions.Blood supply was found less rich in metastatic masses than that in primary ones.Elevated serum level of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) was observed in all patients; ranging from 217 to 211 682 μg/L.Conclusions Primary and metastatic lesions of ovarian yolk sac tumor have obvious ultrasonographic characteristics.Combined with serum AFP level,the accuracy of diagnosis could be improved.

Objective To investigate the effects of tyrosol and farnesol on the transcription profiling of C.albicans biofilm by microarray analysis.Methods The standard strain of C.albicans,SC5314 were cultured into four groups (tyrosol treated,farnesol treated,tyrosol and farnesol co-treated,and untreated control).The cell suspensions of SC5314 were prepared and dispensed into polystyrene flasks to form biofilm.Then,the biofilms were collected at 6 h and 24 h respectively after culturing.RNA samples were extracted and synthesized into cDNA through reverse transcription.The genome arrays were scanned with a confocal LuxScanTM scanner and the images were then analyzed by using LuxScanTM 3.0 software (both from CapitalBio).Bioinformatics analysis of the data was carried out by comparatively analyzing S.cerevisiae gene in KEGG gene database.Results The cDNA microarray data showed that tyrosol and farnesol regulated biofilm formation by regulating the genes associated with biofilm formation such as hypha genes and yeast genes.Tyrosol positively regulated gene expression of C.albicans biofilm,while farnesol played negative role.There were striking differences in gene expression patterns between tyrosol or farnesol treated groups and the control.Tyrosol had no antagonistic effect to farnesol.Bioinformatics analysis showed that the differential gene expression was involved in biological process,molecular function process and cell component formation.These genes regulated the C.albicans biofilm formation by encoding proteins involved in the biological metabolism.Conclusion Tyrosol and farnesol influenced the formation of C.albicans biofilm through regulating gene expression which showed differences at different phases of biofilm formation.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the serum SRC-3 levels and the bone loss severity in postmenopausal women. Methods Fifty-eight PMW with osteopenia or osteoporosis and nineteen healthy PMW were enrolled in this study from June 2012 to September 2013. BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck were observed by DXA Lunar Prodigy Vision. The levels of serum SRC-3 were detected by ELISA. The diagnosis value was evaluated by the ROC curves analysis. Results The levels of serum SRC-3 were significant higher in the normal group than those in the osteopenia or the osteoporosis groups (P<0.001 for both), no statistical significance was found between the osteopenia and the osteoporosis group(P=0.056). The levels of serum SRC-3 were negatively correlated with the BMD diagnosis grading (r=-0.543, P < 0.001). By using the ROC curve analysis, the serum level of SRC-3 for PMW with osteoporosis and osteopenia were found to be 0.297 ng/mL and 0.347 ng/mL, respectively. The levels of serum SRC-3 were positively associated with BMI (r=0.395, P<0.001) and LS-BMD (r=0.503,P<0.001) in the postmenopausal women. Conclusion SRC-3 might be an useful index to reflect the severity of lumbar spine bone loss.